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Bombus (Bombus terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları

Year 2001, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 181 - 188, 01.06.2001

Fehmi Gürel Deniz İlaslan Ayhan Gösterit Yakup Efendi

Abstract

Sera ürünlerinin tozlanmasındaki etkinlikleri anlaşıldıktan sonra Bombus terrestris arılarının laboratuar koşullarında yıl boyu üretimine yönelik talepler artmıştır. Bu arıların kitlesel üretimlerinde karşılaşılan temel engellerden birisi, diyapoz evresidir. Fotoperiyot, sıcaklık, nem, beslenme gibi bir çok faktörün ve bu faktörler arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkilerin diyapoz gelişimini etkilediği bilinmesine karşın, böcek türlerine ve böceklerin içinde bulunduğu değişik iklimsel koşullara bağlı olarak diyapozun tamamlanma sürecinde hangi faktörlerin ne ölçüde etkili olduğu karmaşıklığını korumaktadır. Ülkemiz doğal florasında yaşayan B. terrestris populasyonlarında da diyapoz süresi ve diyapoza girme dönemleri bakımından büyük varyasyon gözlenmektedir. Bu bildiride, diyapozun tanımı, terminolojisi, çeşitleri, diyapoz süreci ve etki eden faktörler ile karbondioksit uygulaması, soğuk ortamda bekletme ve seleksiyon gibi diyapozu kontrol altına alma çabaları açıklanmıştır.

Keywords

Bombus terrestris Diyapoz Depolama CO2 uygulaması Seleksiyon

References

  • Alford, D. V. 1969. A Study of the Hibernation of Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Bombidae) in Southern England.. Journal of Animal Ecology. 38: 149-170
  • Beck, S. D. 1980. Photoperiodium and Diapause Survey of Photoperiodically Controlled Diapause. Insect Photoperiodism. Second Edition. Academic Press. Inc.
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, P., Lingeman, R. 1998. Diapause Survival and Post Diapause Performance in Bumblebee Queens (Bombus terrestris). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 89: 207-214
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, p., Veerman, A. 1999. Selection for non Diapause in the Bumblebee Bombus terrestris, with Notes on the Effect of Inbreeding. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 93: 69-75
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, P., Lingeman, R 2000. Artificial Rearing Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris ) Selects Against Heavy Queens. Journal of Apicultural Research 39 (1-2): 61-65
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, P. 2000. Does the Diapause Experience of Bumblebee Queens. Bombus terrestris Affect Colony Characteristics? Ecological Entomology, 25: 1-6.
  • Bell, C. H. 1994. A Review of Diapause in Stored-Product Insects. J. Stored Prod. Res. 30: 99-120
  • Danks, H. V. 1987. Insect Dormancy: An Ecological Perspective. Biological Survey of Canada. Ottawa. 439 pp.
  • Duchateau, M. J. ve Velthuis, H. H. W. 1988. Development and Reproductive Strategies in Bombus terrestris Colonies. Behaviour. 107: 186-207
  • Gretenkord, C. ve Drescher, W. 1997. Succesful Colony Foundation and Development of Experimentally Hibernated Bombus terrestris Queens Depending on Different Starting Methods. Proc.Int. Symp.on Pollination Ed. K.W. Richards Acta Hort. 437. ISHS. 271-276.
  • Heinrich, B. 1979. Bumblebee Economics. Harvard University . Press. Canbridge.
  • Hodek, I. 1971. Termination of Adult Diapause in Phyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Phyrrhocoridae) in the Field. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 14. 212-222
  • Hodek, I. 1996. Diapause Development, Diapause Termination and the End of Diapause. Eur. J. Entomol. 93: 475-487
  • Holm, S. V. 1972. Weight and Life Length of Hibernating Bumblebees Queens (Hymenoptera: Bombidae) Under Controlled Conditions. Entomologica Scandinavica. 3: 313-320
  • Kansu, İ. A. 1986. Genel Entomoloji. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 965. Ders Kitabı No:283.
  • Larrere, M., Lavenseau, L., Tasei, J. N., Couillaud, F. 1993. Juvenil Hormone Biosynthesis and Diapause Termination in Bombus terrestris. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development. 23 (1): 7-14
  • Lefevere, K. S., Koopmanschap, A.B., De Kort C. A.D. 1989. Juvenile Hormone Metabolism During and After Diapause in the Famale Colorado Potato Beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineatae. J. Insect Physiol. 35. 129-135.
  • Müller, C. B., Shykoff, J. A., Sutluffle, G. U. 1996. Life History Patterns and Opportunities for Queen Worker Conflict in Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae).Oikos. 65 (2): 242-248
  • Pry-Jones, O. E. ve Corbest, S. A. 1991. Bumblebees. The Ricmond Publishing. Co. Ltd.
  • Röseler, P. F. 1985. A Technique for Year-Round Rearing of Bombus terrestris. (Apidae, Bombini) Colonies in Captivity. Apidologie. 16 (2): 165-170.
  • Shykoff, J. A. ve Müller, C. B. 1995. Reproductive Decisions in Bumblebee Colonies. The Influence of Worker Mortality in Bombus terrestris.( Hymenoptera: Apidae). Functional Ecology. 9 (1): 106-112
  • Tasei, J. N. 1994. Effect of Different Narcosis Procedures on Initiating Oviposition of Prediapausing Bombus terrestris Queens. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 72: 273-279
  • Tauber, M. J., Tauber, C. A., Masaki, S., 1986. Seasonal Adaptations of Insects. Oxford University. Press. New York. 411p.

Diapause Duration and Its Control Possibilities in Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris)

Year 2001, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 181 - 188, 01.06.2001

Fehmi Gürel Deniz İlaslan Ayhan Gösterit Yakup Efendi

Abstract

Ever since bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) have been used for pollination of greenhouse crops, demands for large scale rearing increased. One of the main obstacles in mass rearing is diapause. Many factors such as photoperiod, temperature, humidity, nutrition, have been shown to influence the duration of diapause development. In some cases there is either concurrent or sequential interaction among these several factors, making diapause development a very complex phenomen. It has been also observed great variation in B. terrestris populations living in our country’s natural flora in terms of diapause duration and the time of entering the diapause. In this study, definition, terminology, type and duration of diapause and the factors affecting diapause have been explained. Moreover the methods to keep diapause under control such as cold storage, CO2 treatment and selection have been discussed.

Keywords

Bombus terrestris diapause cold storage CO2 treatment selection

References

  • Alford, D. V. 1969. A Study of the Hibernation of Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Bombidae) in Southern England.. Journal of Animal Ecology. 38: 149-170
  • Beck, S. D. 1980. Photoperiodium and Diapause Survey of Photoperiodically Controlled Diapause. Insect Photoperiodism. Second Edition. Academic Press. Inc.
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, P., Lingeman, R. 1998. Diapause Survival and Post Diapause Performance in Bumblebee Queens (Bombus terrestris). Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 89: 207-214
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, p., Veerman, A. 1999. Selection for non Diapause in the Bumblebee Bombus terrestris, with Notes on the Effect of Inbreeding. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata. 93: 69-75
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, P., Lingeman, R 2000. Artificial Rearing Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris ) Selects Against Heavy Queens. Journal of Apicultural Research 39 (1-2): 61-65
  • Beekman, M., Van Stratum, P. 2000. Does the Diapause Experience of Bumblebee Queens. Bombus terrestris Affect Colony Characteristics? Ecological Entomology, 25: 1-6.
  • Bell, C. H. 1994. A Review of Diapause in Stored-Product Insects. J. Stored Prod. Res. 30: 99-120
  • Danks, H. V. 1987. Insect Dormancy: An Ecological Perspective. Biological Survey of Canada. Ottawa. 439 pp.
  • Duchateau, M. J. ve Velthuis, H. H. W. 1988. Development and Reproductive Strategies in Bombus terrestris Colonies. Behaviour. 107: 186-207
  • Gretenkord, C. ve Drescher, W. 1997. Succesful Colony Foundation and Development of Experimentally Hibernated Bombus terrestris Queens Depending on Different Starting Methods. Proc.Int. Symp.on Pollination Ed. K.W. Richards Acta Hort. 437. ISHS. 271-276.
  • Heinrich, B. 1979. Bumblebee Economics. Harvard University . Press. Canbridge.
  • Hodek, I. 1971. Termination of Adult Diapause in Phyrrhocoris apterus (Heteroptera: Phyrrhocoridae) in the Field. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 14. 212-222
  • Hodek, I. 1996. Diapause Development, Diapause Termination and the End of Diapause. Eur. J. Entomol. 93: 475-487
  • Holm, S. V. 1972. Weight and Life Length of Hibernating Bumblebees Queens (Hymenoptera: Bombidae) Under Controlled Conditions. Entomologica Scandinavica. 3: 313-320
  • Kansu, İ. A. 1986. Genel Entomoloji. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 965. Ders Kitabı No:283.
  • Larrere, M., Lavenseau, L., Tasei, J. N., Couillaud, F. 1993. Juvenil Hormone Biosynthesis and Diapause Termination in Bombus terrestris. Invertebrate Reproduction and Development. 23 (1): 7-14
  • Lefevere, K. S., Koopmanschap, A.B., De Kort C. A.D. 1989. Juvenile Hormone Metabolism During and After Diapause in the Famale Colorado Potato Beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineatae. J. Insect Physiol. 35. 129-135.
  • Müller, C. B., Shykoff, J. A., Sutluffle, G. U. 1996. Life History Patterns and Opportunities for Queen Worker Conflict in Bumblebees (Hymenoptera: Apidae).Oikos. 65 (2): 242-248
  • Pry-Jones, O. E. ve Corbest, S. A. 1991. Bumblebees. The Ricmond Publishing. Co. Ltd.
  • Röseler, P. F. 1985. A Technique for Year-Round Rearing of Bombus terrestris. (Apidae, Bombini) Colonies in Captivity. Apidologie. 16 (2): 165-170.
  • Shykoff, J. A. ve Müller, C. B. 1995. Reproductive Decisions in Bumblebee Colonies. The Influence of Worker Mortality in Bombus terrestris.( Hymenoptera: Apidae). Functional Ecology. 9 (1): 106-112
  • Tasei, J. N. 1994. Effect of Different Narcosis Procedures on Initiating Oviposition of Prediapausing Bombus terrestris Queens. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 72: 273-279
  • Tauber, M. J., Tauber, C. A., Masaki, S., 1986. Seasonal Adaptations of Insects. Oxford University. Press. New York. 411p.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fehmi Gürel

Deniz İlaslan This is me

Ayhan Gösterit This is me

Yakup Efendi This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2001
Published in Issue Year 2001 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gürel, F., İlaslan, D., Gösterit, A., Efendi, Y. (2001). Bombus (Bombus terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 14(1), 181-188.
AMA Gürel F, İlaslan D, Gösterit A, Efendi Y. Bombus (Bombus terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. June 2001;14(1):181-188.
Chicago Gürel, Fehmi, Deniz İlaslan, Ayhan Gösterit, and Yakup Efendi. “Bombus (Bombus Terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi Ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 14, no. 1 (June 2001): 181-88.
EndNote Gürel F, İlaslan D, Gösterit A, Efendi Y (June 1, 2001) Bombus (Bombus terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 14 1 181–188.
IEEE F. Gürel, D. İlaslan, A. Gösterit, and Y. Efendi, “Bombus (Bombus terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları”, Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 181–188, 2001.
ISNAD Gürel, Fehmi et al. “Bombus (Bombus Terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi Ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 14/1 (June 2001), 181-188.
JAMA Gürel F, İlaslan D, Gösterit A, Efendi Y. Bombus (Bombus terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2001;14:181–188.
MLA Gürel, Fehmi et al. “Bombus (Bombus Terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi Ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 14, no. 1, 2001, pp. 181-8.
Vancouver Gürel F, İlaslan D, Gösterit A, Efendi Y. Bombus (Bombus terrestris) Arılarında Diyapoz Evresi ve Kontrol Altına Alma Çabaları. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2001;14(1):181-8.