Research Article
The Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale for Older People
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale for older people.
Materials and Method: Three hundred and forty five older people were included in the study. The test-retest process was completed with all individuals for intra-rater agreement. For validity, the correlation with Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) were applied.
Results: For intra-rater agreement of the X16 Balance Testing Scale obtained as a result of the initial testing and retesting, results were found to be highly reliable (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.904, 0.902, respectively). Test-retest reliability was found to be at a quite high or excellent level in all domains. A high correlation was found between the X16 Balance Testing Scale total score and the total scores of BBS and POMA (r=0.710, 0.706 respectively).
Conclusion: The Turkish version of the X16 Balance Testing Scale was found to be valid and reliable in older people. Due to its simplicity and quickness to use, it is practical to be used for balance evaluation.
References
- Angın, E., Can, F., İyigün, G., Kırmızıgil, B., Malkoç, M., & Değer, Ü. (2016). Does balance influence daily living activities and quality of life in community-dwelling older people? , Physiotherapy 102, e227-e228.
- Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25(24), 3186-3191.
- Berg, K. O., Maki, B. E., Williams, J. I., Holliday, P. J., & Wood-Dauphinee, S. L. (1992). Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 73(11), 1073-1080.
- Berg, K. O., Wood-Dauphinee, S. L., Williams, J. I., & Maki, B. (1992). Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument. Can J Public Health, 83 Suppl 2, S7-11.
- Bolding, D. J., & Corman, E. (2019). Falls in the Geriatric Patient. Clin Geriatr Med, 35(1), 115-126. doi:10.1016/j.cger.2018.08.010
- Campbell, A. J., Robertson, M. C., Gardner, M. M., Norton, R. N., Tilyard, M. W., & Buchner, D. M. (1997). Randomised controlled trial of a general practice programme of home based exercise to prevent falls in elderly women. Bmj, 315(7115), 1065-1069. doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7115.1065
- Castro-Costa, E., Fuzikawa, C., Uchoa, E., Firmo, J. O., & Lima-Costa, M. F. (2008). Norms for the mini-mental state examination: adjustment of the cut-off point in populationbased studies (evidences from the Bambui health aging study). Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 66(3a), 524-528.
- Ercan, İ., & İsmet, K. (2004). Ölçeklerde güvenirlik ve geçerlik. Journal of Uludag University Faculty of Medicine 30(3), 211-216.
- Erkorkmaz Ü, Etikan İ, Demir O ve ark. (2013) Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve uyum indeksleri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 33:210-23.
- Faber, M. J., Bosscher, R. J., & van Wieringen, P. C. (2006). Clinimetric properties of the performance-oriented mobility assessment. Phys Ther, 86(7), 944-954.
- Granacher, U., Muehlbauer, T., & Gruber, M. (2012). A qualitative review of balance and strength performance in healthy older adults: impact for testing and training. J Aging Res, 2012, 708905. doi:10.1155/2012/708905
- Ju, J., Jiang, Y., Zhou, P., Li, L., Ye, X., Wu, H., . . . Xia, Q. (2018). Evaluation of the reliability and validity for X16 balance testing scale for the elderly. BMC Geriatr, 18(1), 112. doi:10.1186/s12877-018-0803-6
- Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J Chiropr Med, 15(2), 155-163. doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
- Kornetti, D. L., Fritz, S. L., Chiu, Y. P., Light, K. E., & Velozo, C. A. (2004). Rating scale analysis of the Berg Balance Scale. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 85(7), 1128-1135.
- Masud, T., & Morris, R. O. (2001). Epidemiology of falls. Age Ageing, 30 Suppl 4, 3-7. doi:10.1093/ageing/30.suppl_4.3 Neuls, P. D., Clark, T. L., Van Heuklon, N. C., Proctor, J. E., Kilker, B. J., Bieber, M. E., . . . Newton, R. A. (2011). Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale to predict falls in the elderly. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 34(1), 3-10. doi:10.1097/JPT.0b013e3181ff2b0e
- Noll, D. R. (2013). Management of falls and balance disorders in the elderly. J Am Osteopath Assoc, 113(1), 17-22.
- Peel, N. M. (2011). Epidemiology of falls in older age. Can J Aging, 30(1), 7-19. doi:10.1017/s071498081000070x
- Sahin, F., Yilmaz, F., Ozmaden, A., Kotevolu, N., Sahin, T., & Kuran, B. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 31(1), 32-37.
- Schülein, S. (2014). [Comparison of the performanceoriented mobility assessment and the Berg balance scale. Assessment tools in geriatrics and geriatric rehabilitation]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 47(2), 153-164. doi:10.1007/s00391-013-0492-x
- Tinetti, M. E. (1986). Performance-oriented assessment of mobility problems in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc, 34(2), 119-126.
- Vellas, B. J., Wayne, S. J., Romero, L. J., Baumgartner, R. N., & Garry, P. J. (1997). Fear of falling and restriction of mobility in elderly fallers. Age Ageing, 26(3), 189-193. doi:10.1093/ageing/26.3.189
- Wang, C. Y., Hsieh, C. L., Olson, S. L., Wang, C. H., Sheu, C. F., & Liang, C. C. (2006). Psychometric properties of the Berg Balance Scale in a community-dwelling elderly resident population in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc, 105(12), 992-1000. doi:10.1016/s0929-6646(09)60283-7
- Yücel, S. D., Şahin, F., Doğu, B., Şahin, T., Kuran, B., Gürsakal, S. J. E. R. o. A., & Activity, P. (2012). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment I. 9(2), 149.
Year 2023,
Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 32 - 42, 30.05.2023
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma, yaşlı bireyler için 'X16 Denge Test Ölçeği'nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerlik ve güvenirliğini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 345 yaşlı kişi dahil edildi. Değerlendirici içi uyum için tüm bireylerle test-tekrar test tamamlandı. Geçerlilik için Berg Denge Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Tinetti Performans Odaklı Mobilite Değerlendirmesi (POMA) ile korelasyonu uygulandı.
Bulgular: X16 Denge Testi Ölçeği'nin değerlendirici içi uyum için birinci ve tekrar test sonuçlarının oldukça güvenilir olduğu bulundu (sırasıyla Cronbach alfa katsayısı = 0.904, 0.902). Test-tekrar test güvenirliği tüm alanlarda oldukça yüksek veya mükemmel düzeyde kaydedildi. 'X16 Denge Testi Ölçeği toplam puanı ile BDÖ, POMA toplam puanı arasında yüksek korelasyon bulundu (sırasıyla r=0.710, 0.706).
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak yaşlı bireylerde X16 Denge Testi Ölçeği'nin Türkçe versiyonu geçerli ve güvenilir olarak kaydedildi.
References
- Angın, E., Can, F., İyigün, G., Kırmızıgil, B., Malkoç, M., & Değer, Ü. (2016). Does balance influence daily living activities and quality of life in community-dwelling older people? , Physiotherapy 102, e227-e228.
- Beaton, D. E., Bombardier, C., Guillemin, F., & Ferraz, M. B. (2000). Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 25(24), 3186-3191.
- Berg, K. O., Maki, B. E., Williams, J. I., Holliday, P. J., & Wood-Dauphinee, S. L. (1992). Clinical and laboratory measures of postural balance in an elderly population. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 73(11), 1073-1080.
- Berg, K. O., Wood-Dauphinee, S. L., Williams, J. I., & Maki, B. (1992). Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument. Can J Public Health, 83 Suppl 2, S7-11.
- Bolding, D. J., & Corman, E. (2019). Falls in the Geriatric Patient. Clin Geriatr Med, 35(1), 115-126. doi:10.1016/j.cger.2018.08.010
- Campbell, A. J., Robertson, M. C., Gardner, M. M., Norton, R. N., Tilyard, M. W., & Buchner, D. M. (1997). Randomised controlled trial of a general practice programme of home based exercise to prevent falls in elderly women. Bmj, 315(7115), 1065-1069. doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7115.1065
- Castro-Costa, E., Fuzikawa, C., Uchoa, E., Firmo, J. O., & Lima-Costa, M. F. (2008). Norms for the mini-mental state examination: adjustment of the cut-off point in populationbased studies (evidences from the Bambui health aging study). Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 66(3a), 524-528.
- Ercan, İ., & İsmet, K. (2004). Ölçeklerde güvenirlik ve geçerlik. Journal of Uludag University Faculty of Medicine 30(3), 211-216.
- Erkorkmaz Ü, Etikan İ, Demir O ve ark. (2013) Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve uyum indeksleri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 33:210-23.
- Faber, M. J., Bosscher, R. J., & van Wieringen, P. C. (2006). Clinimetric properties of the performance-oriented mobility assessment. Phys Ther, 86(7), 944-954.
- Granacher, U., Muehlbauer, T., & Gruber, M. (2012). A qualitative review of balance and strength performance in healthy older adults: impact for testing and training. J Aging Res, 2012, 708905. doi:10.1155/2012/708905
- Ju, J., Jiang, Y., Zhou, P., Li, L., Ye, X., Wu, H., . . . Xia, Q. (2018). Evaluation of the reliability and validity for X16 balance testing scale for the elderly. BMC Geriatr, 18(1), 112. doi:10.1186/s12877-018-0803-6
- Koo, T. K., & Li, M. Y. (2016). A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J Chiropr Med, 15(2), 155-163. doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
- Kornetti, D. L., Fritz, S. L., Chiu, Y. P., Light, K. E., & Velozo, C. A. (2004). Rating scale analysis of the Berg Balance Scale. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 85(7), 1128-1135.
- Masud, T., & Morris, R. O. (2001). Epidemiology of falls. Age Ageing, 30 Suppl 4, 3-7. doi:10.1093/ageing/30.suppl_4.3 Neuls, P. D., Clark, T. L., Van Heuklon, N. C., Proctor, J. E., Kilker, B. J., Bieber, M. E., . . . Newton, R. A. (2011). Usefulness of the Berg Balance Scale to predict falls in the elderly. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 34(1), 3-10. doi:10.1097/JPT.0b013e3181ff2b0e
- Noll, D. R. (2013). Management of falls and balance disorders in the elderly. J Am Osteopath Assoc, 113(1), 17-22.
- Peel, N. M. (2011). Epidemiology of falls in older age. Can J Aging, 30(1), 7-19. doi:10.1017/s071498081000070x
- Sahin, F., Yilmaz, F., Ozmaden, A., Kotevolu, N., Sahin, T., & Kuran, B. (2008). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Berg Balance Scale. J Geriatr Phys Ther, 31(1), 32-37.
- Schülein, S. (2014). [Comparison of the performanceoriented mobility assessment and the Berg balance scale. Assessment tools in geriatrics and geriatric rehabilitation]. Z Gerontol Geriatr, 47(2), 153-164. doi:10.1007/s00391-013-0492-x
- Tinetti, M. E. (1986). Performance-oriented assessment of mobility problems in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc, 34(2), 119-126.
- Vellas, B. J., Wayne, S. J., Romero, L. J., Baumgartner, R. N., & Garry, P. J. (1997). Fear of falling and restriction of mobility in elderly fallers. Age Ageing, 26(3), 189-193. doi:10.1093/ageing/26.3.189
- Wang, C. Y., Hsieh, C. L., Olson, S. L., Wang, C. H., Sheu, C. F., & Liang, C. C. (2006). Psychometric properties of the Berg Balance Scale in a community-dwelling elderly resident population in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc, 105(12), 992-1000. doi:10.1016/s0929-6646(09)60283-7
- Yücel, S. D., Şahin, F., Doğu, B., Şahin, T., Kuran, B., Gürsakal, S. J. E. R. o. A., & Activity, P. (2012). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment I. 9(2), 149.
There are 23 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 30, 2023 |
| Submission Date | December 22, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 2 |
