Research Article
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65 Yaş Üstü Hastalarda Kronik Hastalıkların Anksiyete ve Depresyon ile İlişkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 135 - 140, 30.08.2023

Meltem Puşuroğlu Gökhan Puşuroğlu Cicek Hocaoglu

https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1258000

Abstract

Amaç: Beklenen yaşam sürelerinin artması ile birlikte yaşlı nüfusu giderek artmaktadır. Yaşlılarda ruhsal hastalıkların tanınması ve tedavi edilmesinin zorluğu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda risk faktörleri açısından klinisyenlerin dikkatli olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma kronik hastalıkların depresyon ve anksiyete düzeyleri ile ilişkisini araştırmak ve bu yaş grubunda ruhsal hastalıklara yönelik farkındalık yaratmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma 65 yaş üstü olan 100 hasta ile yapılmıştır. Son 6 aydır psikiyatrik hastalık tanısı olan ve psikotrop ilaç kullanımı olan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmemiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemi oluşturulduktan sonra, hastalara araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış olan sosyodemografik veri formu ve Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Kadın hastalarda anksiyete düzeylerinin anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur (p=0,032). Yaş ve depresyon düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon olduğu saptanmıştır (r=0,225, p=0,025). Kronik hastalığı olan ve olmayan hasta grupları arasında anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri bakımından istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmamıştır (sırasıyla, p=0,122 ve p=0,668).
Sonuç: Kronik hastalıklar, hastalığın süresi ve ilaç kullanımı anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri ile ilişkili bulunmazken kadın hastalarda anksiyete düzeyi daha yüksek bulunmuş ve ayrıca yaşla depresyon düzeyleri arasında da pozitif yönde anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmıştır. Ruhsal bozukluklar yaşlı hastalarda detaylı bir şekilde incelenmesi gereken bir konudur. Yaşlı hastaların ruhsal hastalıkları göz ardı edilmemeli ve klinisyenler tarafından her zaman dikkate alınmalıdır.

Keywords

yaşlı depresyon anksiyete kronik hastalık

References

  • Su BB, Ma JX, Song W, Yuan J, Dong XY, Wan J. Analysis of comorbidity and polypharmacy in middle-aged and elderly patients. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020;100(25):1983-7. Chinese.
  • Tamam L, Öner S. Old age depressions. Demans Derg. 2001;1(2):50-60. Turkish.
  • Hopman WM, Harrison MB, Coo H, Friedberg E, Buchanan M, VanDenKerkhof EG. Associations between chronic disease, age and physical and mental health status. Chronic Dis Can. 2009;29(3):108-16.
  • Small GW. Treatment of geriatric depression. Depress Anxiety. 1998;8(Suppl 1):32-42.
  • Bingöl G, Demir A, Karabek R, Kepenek B, Yıldırım N, Kaytaz EG. Analysing the depression levels of the individuals more than 65 in terms of some variables. Medeniyet Med J. 2010;25(4):169-76. Turkish.
  • Ban T. Chronic disease and depression in the geriatric population. J Clin Psychiatry. 1984;45(3 Pt 2):18-24.
  • Krawczyk-Suszek M, Kleinrok A. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people over 65 years of age. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):625.
  • Arpaci F. A study into caregiving burden of women caring of the elderly. Elderly Issues Res J. 2009;2(1):61-72. Turkish.
  • Kong LN, Hu P, Yao Y, Zhao QH. Social support as a mediator between depression and quality of life in Chinese community-dwelling older adults with chronic disease. Geriatr Nurs. 2019;40(3):252-6.
  • Cohen J. A power primer. Psychol Bull. 1992;112(1):155-9.
  • Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361-70.
  • Aydemir Ö, Güvenir T, Küey L, Kültür S. Validity and reliability of Turkish version of hospital anxiety and depression scale. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 1997;8(4):280-7. Turkish.
  • Kutlu R, Özberk Işıklar D, Gök H, Demirbaş N. Frequency of anxiety and depression, and affecting factors in inpatients in cardiology intensive care unit. Turk Gogus Kalp Dama. 2016;24(4):672-9. Turkish.
  • Djukanovic I, Carlsson J, Årestedt K. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) a valid measure in a general population 65-80 years old? A psychometric evaluation study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):193.
  • Dişçigil G, Gemalmaz A, Başak O, Gürel FS, Tekin N. Depression in geriatric age group in a primary care setting. Turk J Geriatr. 2005;8(3):129-33. Turkish.
  • Taşkın Şayir Ç, Aslan Karaoğlu S, Evcik Toprak D. Evaluation of polypharmacy and complementary therapy use in patients ≥65 years, attending to Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic of Şişli Etfal Training and Research Hospital. Türk Aile Hek Derg. 2014;18(1):35-41. Turkish.
  • Chen JL, Luo R, Liu M. Prevalence of depression and anxiety and associated factors among geriatric orthopedic trauma inpatients: A cross-sectional study. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(3):919-28.
  • Rezende GR, Amaral TLM, Amaral CA, Vasconcellos MTL, Monteiro GTR. Prevalence of polypharmacy and associated factors in older adults living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study, 2014. Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2021;30(2):e2020386. English, Portuguese.
  • Kandola A, Solmi F, Ajnakina O, Ingram E, Iob E, Lee S, et al. The role of loneliness in the association between chronic physical illness and depressive symptoms among older adults: A prospective cohort study. J Affect Disord. 2023;334:220-6.
  • Banazak DA. Anxiety disorders in elderly patients. J Am Board Fam Pract.1997;10(4):280-9.
  • Engedal K, Bergem AL, Holm M, Bragason A, Moksnes KM. Geriatric psychiatry--a specialty within psychiatry. 1997;117(25):3684-7. Norwegian.
  • Volkert J, Schulz H, Härter M, Wlodarczyk O, Andreas S. The prevalence of mental disorders in older people in Western countries - a meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev. 2013;12(1):339-53.
  • Harmancı H. Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of elderly patients admitted to psychiatry clinic: experience of a private medical hospital. Cyp Turk J of Psychiatry and Psychol. 2019;1(3):152-7. Turkish.
  • Villagrasa B, Olaya B, Lopez-Anton R, de la Cámara C, Lobo A, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of anxiety disorder among older adults in Spain: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2019;246:408-17.
  • Hacıhasanoğlu R, Karakurt P, Yıldırım A, Uslu S. Anxiety and depression among individuals with chronic disease who refer to primary health care centers. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2010;9(3):209-16. Turkish.
  • Giordana JY, Roelandt JL, Porteaux C. Mental health of elderly people: The prevalence and representations of psychiatric disorders. Encephale. 2010;36(3 Suppl):59-64. French.
  • Canuto A, Weber K, Baertschi M, Andreas S, Volkert J, Dehoust MC, et al. Anxiety disorders in old age: psychiatric comorbidities, quality of life, and prevalence according to age, gender, and country. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018;26(2):174-85.
  • Hacihasanoğlu R, Türkleş S. Depression and affecting factors in the old at the age of 65 and over. J Nursology. 2008;11(2):55-60.
  • Silva MT, Caicedo Roa M, Martins SS, da Silva ATC, Galvao TF. Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among adults living in the Amazon, Brazil: A population-based study. J Affect Disord. 2017;222:162-8.
  • Şanal Karahan F, Hamarta E. The effect of chronic diseases and polypharmacy on anxiety and death anxiety in geriatric patients. Aegean J Med Sci 2019;2(1):8-13. Turkish.
  • Huang CQ, Dong BR, Lu ZC, Yue JR, Liu QX. Chronic diseases and risk for depression in old age: a meta-analysis of published literature. Ageing Res Rev. 2010;9(2):131-41.
  • Jiang CH, Zhu F, Qin TT. Relationships between chronic diseases and depression among middle-aged and elderly people in China: a prospective study from CHARLS. Curr Med Sci. 2020;40(5):858-70.
  • Saltan A. The investigation of the relations between depression and pain, sociodemographics knowledge in the elderly people. Value Health Sci. 2017;7(2):67-72. Turkish.
  • Altay B, Üstün G. Risk of depression in hospitalized elderly patients at a university hospital and the effects of some socio-demographic characteristics. Acıbadem Univ Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2012;3(2):108-16. Turkish.
  • Ozaki Y, Sposito APB, Bueno DRS, Guariento ME. Depression and chronic diseases in the elderly. Rev Soc Bras Clin Med. 2015;13(2):149-53.
  • Lauderdale SA, Sheikh JI. Anxiety disorders in older adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2003;19(4):721-41.
  • Goyal AR, Engedal K, Eriksen S. Clinicians’ experiences of anxiety in patients with dementia. Dementia (London). 2019;18(1):80-93.
  • Ali A. Physiological changes in the elderly. Ordu University J Nurs Stud. 2020;3(3):347-54. Turkish.

The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age

Year 2023, Volume: 25 Issue: 2, 135 - 140, 30.08.2023

Meltem Puşuroğlu Gökhan Puşuroğlu Cicek Hocaoglu

https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1258000

Abstract

Aim: With the increasing life expectancy, the elderly population is gradually increasing. Considering the difficulty in recognizing and treating mental disorders in the elderly, clinicians should be careful about risk factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of chronic diseases with depression and anxiety levels and to raise awareness for mental illnesses in this age group.
Material and Methods: This study was conducted with 100 patients over 65 years of age. Patients with a diagnosis of psychiatric illness and using psychotropic drugs for the last 6 months were not included in the study. After the sample of the study was formed, the sociodemographic data form prepared by the researchers and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were applied to the patients.
Results: Anxiety levels were found to be significantly higher in female patients (p=0.032). A positive correlation was found between age and depression levels (r=0.225, p=0.025). No statistically significant difference was found in anxiety and depression levels between the patient groups with and without chronic disease (p=0.122, and p=0.668, respectively).
Conclusion: Chronic diseases, duration of the disease, and use of medication were not found to be associated with anxiety and depression levels, while anxiety levels were found to be higher in female patients, and also a significant positive correlation was found between age and depression levels. Mental disorders are a subject that needs to be examined in detail in elderly patients. The mental illnesses of elderly patients should not be ignored and should always be considered by clinicians.

Keywords

elderly depression anxiety chronic disease

References

  • Su BB, Ma JX, Song W, Yuan J, Dong XY, Wan J. Analysis of comorbidity and polypharmacy in middle-aged and elderly patients. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2020;100(25):1983-7. Chinese.
  • Tamam L, Öner S. Old age depressions. Demans Derg. 2001;1(2):50-60. Turkish.
  • Hopman WM, Harrison MB, Coo H, Friedberg E, Buchanan M, VanDenKerkhof EG. Associations between chronic disease, age and physical and mental health status. Chronic Dis Can. 2009;29(3):108-16.
  • Small GW. Treatment of geriatric depression. Depress Anxiety. 1998;8(Suppl 1):32-42.
  • Bingöl G, Demir A, Karabek R, Kepenek B, Yıldırım N, Kaytaz EG. Analysing the depression levels of the individuals more than 65 in terms of some variables. Medeniyet Med J. 2010;25(4):169-76. Turkish.
  • Ban T. Chronic disease and depression in the geriatric population. J Clin Psychiatry. 1984;45(3 Pt 2):18-24.
  • Krawczyk-Suszek M, Kleinrok A. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people over 65 years of age. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):625.
  • Arpaci F. A study into caregiving burden of women caring of the elderly. Elderly Issues Res J. 2009;2(1):61-72. Turkish.
  • Kong LN, Hu P, Yao Y, Zhao QH. Social support as a mediator between depression and quality of life in Chinese community-dwelling older adults with chronic disease. Geriatr Nurs. 2019;40(3):252-6.
  • Cohen J. A power primer. Psychol Bull. 1992;112(1):155-9.
  • Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67(6):361-70.
  • Aydemir Ö, Güvenir T, Küey L, Kültür S. Validity and reliability of Turkish version of hospital anxiety and depression scale. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 1997;8(4):280-7. Turkish.
  • Kutlu R, Özberk Işıklar D, Gök H, Demirbaş N. Frequency of anxiety and depression, and affecting factors in inpatients in cardiology intensive care unit. Turk Gogus Kalp Dama. 2016;24(4):672-9. Turkish.
  • Djukanovic I, Carlsson J, Årestedt K. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) a valid measure in a general population 65-80 years old? A psychometric evaluation study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017;15(1):193.
  • Dişçigil G, Gemalmaz A, Başak O, Gürel FS, Tekin N. Depression in geriatric age group in a primary care setting. Turk J Geriatr. 2005;8(3):129-33. Turkish.
  • Taşkın Şayir Ç, Aslan Karaoğlu S, Evcik Toprak D. Evaluation of polypharmacy and complementary therapy use in patients ≥65 years, attending to Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic of Şişli Etfal Training and Research Hospital. Türk Aile Hek Derg. 2014;18(1):35-41. Turkish.
  • Chen JL, Luo R, Liu M. Prevalence of depression and anxiety and associated factors among geriatric orthopedic trauma inpatients: A cross-sectional study. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(3):919-28.
  • Rezende GR, Amaral TLM, Amaral CA, Vasconcellos MTL, Monteiro GTR. Prevalence of polypharmacy and associated factors in older adults living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study, 2014. Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2021;30(2):e2020386. English, Portuguese.
  • Kandola A, Solmi F, Ajnakina O, Ingram E, Iob E, Lee S, et al. The role of loneliness in the association between chronic physical illness and depressive symptoms among older adults: A prospective cohort study. J Affect Disord. 2023;334:220-6.
  • Banazak DA. Anxiety disorders in elderly patients. J Am Board Fam Pract.1997;10(4):280-9.
  • Engedal K, Bergem AL, Holm M, Bragason A, Moksnes KM. Geriatric psychiatry--a specialty within psychiatry. 1997;117(25):3684-7. Norwegian.
  • Volkert J, Schulz H, Härter M, Wlodarczyk O, Andreas S. The prevalence of mental disorders in older people in Western countries - a meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev. 2013;12(1):339-53.
  • Harmancı H. Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of elderly patients admitted to psychiatry clinic: experience of a private medical hospital. Cyp Turk J of Psychiatry and Psychol. 2019;1(3):152-7. Turkish.
  • Villagrasa B, Olaya B, Lopez-Anton R, de la Cámara C, Lobo A, Santabárbara J. Prevalence of anxiety disorder among older adults in Spain: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2019;246:408-17.
  • Hacıhasanoğlu R, Karakurt P, Yıldırım A, Uslu S. Anxiety and depression among individuals with chronic disease who refer to primary health care centers. TAF Prev Med Bull. 2010;9(3):209-16. Turkish.
  • Giordana JY, Roelandt JL, Porteaux C. Mental health of elderly people: The prevalence and representations of psychiatric disorders. Encephale. 2010;36(3 Suppl):59-64. French.
  • Canuto A, Weber K, Baertschi M, Andreas S, Volkert J, Dehoust MC, et al. Anxiety disorders in old age: psychiatric comorbidities, quality of life, and prevalence according to age, gender, and country. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2018;26(2):174-85.
  • Hacihasanoğlu R, Türkleş S. Depression and affecting factors in the old at the age of 65 and over. J Nursology. 2008;11(2):55-60.
  • Silva MT, Caicedo Roa M, Martins SS, da Silva ATC, Galvao TF. Prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among adults living in the Amazon, Brazil: A population-based study. J Affect Disord. 2017;222:162-8.
  • Şanal Karahan F, Hamarta E. The effect of chronic diseases and polypharmacy on anxiety and death anxiety in geriatric patients. Aegean J Med Sci 2019;2(1):8-13. Turkish.
  • Huang CQ, Dong BR, Lu ZC, Yue JR, Liu QX. Chronic diseases and risk for depression in old age: a meta-analysis of published literature. Ageing Res Rev. 2010;9(2):131-41.
  • Jiang CH, Zhu F, Qin TT. Relationships between chronic diseases and depression among middle-aged and elderly people in China: a prospective study from CHARLS. Curr Med Sci. 2020;40(5):858-70.
  • Saltan A. The investigation of the relations between depression and pain, sociodemographics knowledge in the elderly people. Value Health Sci. 2017;7(2):67-72. Turkish.
  • Altay B, Üstün G. Risk of depression in hospitalized elderly patients at a university hospital and the effects of some socio-demographic characteristics. Acıbadem Univ Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2012;3(2):108-16. Turkish.
  • Ozaki Y, Sposito APB, Bueno DRS, Guariento ME. Depression and chronic diseases in the elderly. Rev Soc Bras Clin Med. 2015;13(2):149-53.
  • Lauderdale SA, Sheikh JI. Anxiety disorders in older adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2003;19(4):721-41.
  • Goyal AR, Engedal K, Eriksen S. Clinicians’ experiences of anxiety in patients with dementia. Dementia (London). 2019;18(1):80-93.
  • Ali A. Physiological changes in the elderly. Ordu University J Nurs Stud. 2020;3(3):347-54. Turkish.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Meltem Puşuroğlu 0000-0002-1970-3262

Gökhan Puşuroğlu 0000-0002-5548-5477

Cicek Hocaoglu 0000-0001-6613-4317

Early Pub Date August 2, 2023
Publication Date August 30, 2023
Submission Date February 28, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 25 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Puşuroğlu, M., Puşuroğlu, G., & Hocaoglu, C. (2023). The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age. Duzce Medical Journal, 25(2), 135-140. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1258000
AMA Puşuroğlu M, Puşuroğlu G, Hocaoglu C. The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age. Duzce Med J. August 2023;25(2):135-140. doi:10.18678/dtfd.1258000
Chicago Puşuroğlu, Meltem, Gökhan Puşuroğlu, and Cicek Hocaoglu. “The Relationship of Chronic Diseases With Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age”. Duzce Medical Journal 25, no. 2 (August 2023): 135-40. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1258000.
EndNote Puşuroğlu M, Puşuroğlu G, Hocaoglu C (August 1, 2023) The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age. Duzce Medical Journal 25 2 135–140.
IEEE M. Puşuroğlu, G. Puşuroğlu, and C. Hocaoglu, “The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age”, Duzce Med J, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 135–140, 2023, doi: 10.18678/dtfd.1258000.
ISNAD Puşuroğlu, Meltem et al. “The Relationship of Chronic Diseases With Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age”. Duzce Medical Journal 25/2 (August 2023), 135-140. https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.1258000.
JAMA Puşuroğlu M, Puşuroğlu G, Hocaoglu C. The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age. Duzce Med J. 2023;25:135–140.
MLA Puşuroğlu, Meltem et al. “The Relationship of Chronic Diseases With Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age”. Duzce Medical Journal, vol. 25, no. 2, 2023, pp. 135-40, doi:10.18678/dtfd.1258000.
Vancouver Puşuroğlu M, Puşuroğlu G, Hocaoglu C. The Relationship of Chronic Diseases with Anxiety and Depression in Patients Over 65 Years of Age. Duzce Med J. 2023;25(2):135-40.
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