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Kuraklık ve Isı Stresi altındaki Buğdayda Termo- Priming’in Fizyolojik ve Biyokimyasal Etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 375 - 389, 26.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1213671

Abstract

Tohum priming, bitkilerin stresli çevre koşullarına karşı stres toleransını arttırmaya yönelik fiziksel bir yöntemdir. Kuraklık ve yüksek sıcaklıklar, buğdayın büyümesini ve tane verimini sınırlayan önemli çevresel faktörlerdir. Çalışmamızın amacı kuraklık stresi (D) ve sıcaklık stresi (H) altındaki buğday tohumlarında termo-priming ile meydana gelen fizyolojik (çimlenme oranı, kök ve gövde uzunluğu, spesifik yaprak alanı (SLA), bağıl su içeriği (RWC), biyokütle, toplam klorofil miktarı (SPAD)) ve biyokimyasal (protein miktarı, hidrojen peroksit (H2O2) miktarı, katalaz aktivitesi (CAT), askorbat peroksidaz aktivitesi (APX), glutatyon redüktaz aktivitesi (GR)) değişimleri belirlemektir. Sonuçlarımız, gövde uzunluklarının kök uzunluklarına kıyasla D, H ve HD ile çarpıcı şekilde azaldığını gösterdi. Ayrıca kombine stres, diğer stres uygulamalarına kıyasla 60 dakikalık termo-priming ile RWC %6,8 oranında korunmuştur. Klorofil içeriği, D ve H ile önemli ölçüde azalırken, termo-priming bu düşüşle sınırlı kalmadı. Ayrıca SLA tüm stres tedavilerinde azalırken sadece 60 dk termo-priming (HDT60) ile %12 iyileştirdi. H2O2 kuraklık stresi ile artarken, tüm ısı stresi uygulamaları ile azalmıştır. Bunlardan HDT60'ın diğerlerinden daha etkili olduğu tespit edildi. GR aktiviteleri termo-priming ile yaklaşık %14-18, D ve H uygulamaları ile %5 arttırıldı. Ek olarak, HD uygulamasında 30 dakikalık termo-priming (HDT30) ile GR aktivitesi %5,8 artarken, yalnızca HD ile %3,2 arttı. Sonuç olarak, HDT60'ın buğday fidelerinde kuraklık ve ısı streslerine karşı biyokimyasal parametreler üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür.

References

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  • [5] İ. Büyük, S.S. Aydın, and S. Aras, “Molecular responses of plants to stress conditions,” Turkish Journal of Hygiene and Experimental Biology, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 97-110, 2012.
  • [6] Z. Zaimoğlu, “Climate change and Turkish agriculture interaction,” Supporting Joint Efforts in the Field of Climate Change Project, Ankara, 2019.
  • [7] S. Demirbaş, and O. Acar, “Superoxide Dismutase and Peroxidase Activities from Antioxidative Enzymes in Helianthus annuus L. Roots During Orobanche cumana Wallr. Penetration,” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, vol. 17, no. 8a, pp. 1038-1044, 2008.
  • [8] I.M. Moller, P.E. Jensen, and A. Hansson, “Oxidative modifications to cellular components in plants,” Annual Review of Plant Biology, vol. 58, pp. 459-81, 2007.
  • [9] B. Kacar, A.V. Katkat, and Ş. Öztürk, “Plant Physiology” Uludag University Empowerment Foundation Publication, No: 198, Vipas Publication No:74, Bursa, 2002.
  • [10] K. Asada, “Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions,” Plant Physiology, vol. 141, no. 2, pp. 391-396, 2006.
  • [11] F. Fazeli, M. Ghorbanli, and V. Niknam, “Effect of drought on biomass, protein content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in two sesame cultivars,” Biologia Plantarum, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 98-103, 2007.
  • [12] R. Mittler, S. Vanderauwera, M. Gollery, and F. Van Breusegem, “The reactive oxygen gene network in plants,” Trends Plant Sci, vol. 9, pp. 490-498, 2004.
  • [13] W. Heydecker, and P. Coolbear, “Seed treatments for improved performance, survey and attempted prognosis,” Seed Science and Technology, vol. 5, pp. 353-425, 1977.
  • [14] A.A. Khan, “Preplant physiological seed conditioning,” Horticultural Reviews, vol. 13, pp. 131-181, 1992.
  • [15] M.S. Rhaman, S. Imran, F. Rauf, M. Khatun, C.C. Baskin, Y. Murata, and M. Hasanuzzaman, “Seed priming with phytohormones: An effective approach for the mitigation of abiotic stress,” Plants, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 37, 2021.
  • [16] T.J. Bruce, M.C. Matthes, J.A. Napier, and J.A. Pickett, “Stressful “memories” of plants: evidence and possible mechanisms,” Plant Science, vol. 173, no. 6, pp. 603-608, 2007.
  • [17] S.P. Hardegree, “Optimization of seed priming treatments to increase low-temperature germination rate,” Journal of Range Management, no. 49, pp. 87–92, 1996.
  • [18] T.G. Min, and B.M. Seo, “Optimum conditions for tobacco seed priming by PEG 6000,” Korean Journal of Crop Science, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 263-266, 1999.
  • [19] E. Elkoca, “Priming: pre-sowing seed applications,” Journal of Atatürk University Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 113-120, 2007.
  • [20] X. Wang, J. Cai, F. Liu, T. Dai, W. Cao, B. Wollenweber, and D. Jiang, “Multiple heat priming enhances thermo-tolerance to a later high temperature stress via improving subcellular antioxidant activities in wheat seedlings,” Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, vol. 74, pp. 185-192, 2014.
  • [21] M. Farooq, S.M.A. Basra, and N. Ahmad, “Improving the performance of transplanted rice by seed priming,” Plant Growth Regulation, vol. 51, pp. 129–137, 2007.
  • [22] S.M.A. Basra, M. Farooq, R. Tabassam, and N. Ahmad, “Physiological and Biochemical aspects of pre-sowing seed treatments in fine rice (Oryza sativa L.),” Seed Science and Technology, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 623–628, 2005.
  • [23] D. Harris, “The effects of manure, genotype, seed priming, depth and date of sowing on the emergence and early growth of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench in semi-arid Botswana,” Soil Tillage Research, no. 40, pp. 73-88, 1996.
  • [24] M.A. Shahzad, W.U. Din, S.T. Sahi, M.M. Khan, and E.M. Ahmad, “Effect of sowing dates and seed treatment on grain yield and quality of wheat,” Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 581583, 2007.
  • [25] K. Maroufi, H.A. Farahani, and O. Moradi, “Thermo priming influence on seedling production in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.),” Advances in Environmental Biology, pp. 3664-3668, 2011.
  • [26] P.J. Wilson, K.E.N. Thompson, and J.G. Hodgson, “Specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content as alternative predictors of plant strategies,” The New Phytologist, vol. 143, no. 1, pp. 155-162, 1999.
  • [27] R.E. Smart, and G.E. Bingham, “Rapid Estimates of Relative Water Content,” Plant Physiology, vol. 53, pp. 258-260, 1974.
  • [28] F.J. Peryea, and R. Kammereck, “Use of Minolta SPAD‐502 chlorophyll meter to quantify the effectiveness of mid‐summer trunk injection of iron on chlorotic pear trees,” Journal of plant nutrition, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1457-1463, 1997.
  • [29] M.M. Bradford, “A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding,” Analytical Biochemistry, vol. 2, pp. 248-254, 1976.
  • [30] Y. Nakano, and K. Asada, “Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts,” Plant and Cell Physiology, vol. 22, pp. 867-880, 1981.
  • [31] B. Halliwell, and C.H. Foyer, “Presence of glutathione and glutathione reductase in chloroplasts: A proposed role in ascorbic acid metabolism,” Planta, vol. 133, pp. 21-22, 1976.
  • [32] N. Bergmeyer, “Methoden der enzymetischen analyse,” Akademia Verlag, vol. 1, pp. 636-647, 1970.
  • [33] J.M. Cheeseman, “Hydrogen peroxide concentrations in leaves under natural conditions,” Journal of Experimental Botany, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 2435-2444, 2006.
  • [34] D. Kumar, M.A. Yusuf, P. Singh, M. Sardar, and N.B. Sarin, “Histochemical detection of superoxide and H2O2 accumulation in Brassica juncea seedlings,” Bio-protocol, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. e1108-e1108, 2014.
  • [35] S. Demirbaş, and O. Acar, “Physiological and biochemical defense reactions of Arabidopsis thaliana to Phelipanche ramosa infection and salt stress,” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 2268-2275, 2017.
  • [36] W. Liu, F. Sun, S. Sun, L. Guo, H. Wang, and H. Cui, “Multi-scale assessment of eco-hydrological resilience to drought in China over the last three decades,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 672, pp. 201-211, 2019.
  • [37] H.A.A. Hussein, S.O. Alshammari, S.K. Kenawy, F.M. Elkady, and A.A. Badawy, “Grain-priming with L-arginine improves the growth performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants under drought stress,” Plants, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 1219, 2022.
  • [38] Y. Fan, C. Ma, Z. Huang, M. Abid, S. Jiang, T. Dai, and X. Han, “Heat priming during early reproductive stages enhances thermo-tolerance to post-anthesis heat stress via improving photosynthesis and plant productivity in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.),” Frontiers in plant science, vol. 9, pp. 805, 2018.
  • [39] C. Shan, S. Zhang, and X. Ou, “The roles of H2S and H2O2 in regulating AsA GSH cycle in the leaves of wheat seedlings under drought stress,” Protoplasma, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 1257-1262, 2018.
  • [40] T. Elmas, and O. Acar, “The Effects of Some Seed Priming Treatments on Germination and Seedling Development in Wheat,” International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 2422-8702, 2021.
  • [41] A. Hameed, T. Farooq, A. Hameed, M. Ibrahim, M.A. Sheikh, and S.M.A. Basra, “Wheat seed germination, antioxidant enzymes and biochemical enhancements by sodium nitroprusside priming,” Agrochımıca, vol. 59,no. 2, pp. 93-107, 2015.

Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses

Year 2024, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 375 - 389, 26.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1213671

Abstract

Seed priming is a physical method for increasing the stress tolerance of crops against stressful environmental conditions. Drought and high temperatures are important environmental factors that limit the growth and grain yield of wheat. The aim of our study is to determine the physiological (germination rate, root and shoot length, specific leaf area (SLA), relative water content (RWC), biomass, total chlorophyll amount (SPAD)), and biochemical (protein amount, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) amount, catalase activity (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase activity (APX), glutathione reductase activity (GR)) changes that occur with thermo-priming in wheat seeds under drought stress (D) and heat stress (H). Our results showed that shoot lengths were drastically reduced with D, H, and HD compared to root lengths. Besides, combined stress protected RWC by 6.8% with 60 min thermo-priming compared to other stress treatments. Chlorophyll content decreased dramatically with D and H, while thermo-priming wasn’t limited to that decrease. In addition, SLA was decreased with all stress treatments, while it healed only with 60 min thermo-priming (HDT60) by 12%. H2O2 was increased with drought stress, while reduced with all heat stress treatments. Among them, HDT60 was found to be more effective than the others. GR activities were increased with thermo-priming by 14-18%, with D and H by 5%. Additionally, GR activity was increased with 30 min thermo-priming (HDT30) in HD treatment by 5.8%, while only with HD by 3.2%. Consequently, HDT60 seemed to effectively on biochemical parameters in wheat seedlings against drought and heat stresses.

References

  • [1] M.V. Mickelbart, P.M. Hasegawa, and J. Bailey-Serres, “Genetic mechanisms of abiotic stress tolerance that translate to crop yield stability,” Nature Reviews Genetics, vol. 16, pp. 237–251, 2015.
  • [2] FAO, (2019). Statistical database of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. Available online at: http://faostat.fao.org/site/291/default.aspx
  • [3] H. Turral, J. Burke, and J. M. Faurès “Climate change, water and food security,” Food and agriculture organization of the United nations (FAO), No. 36. Italy, Roma, 2011.
  • [4] B. Akın, M. Bayha, R. Özkan, and C. Akıncı, “Investigation of morphological and physiological responses to increased water stress in some durum wheat genotypes (Triticum durum L.),” Harran Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 265-278, 2021.
  • [5] İ. Büyük, S.S. Aydın, and S. Aras, “Molecular responses of plants to stress conditions,” Turkish Journal of Hygiene and Experimental Biology, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 97-110, 2012.
  • [6] Z. Zaimoğlu, “Climate change and Turkish agriculture interaction,” Supporting Joint Efforts in the Field of Climate Change Project, Ankara, 2019.
  • [7] S. Demirbaş, and O. Acar, “Superoxide Dismutase and Peroxidase Activities from Antioxidative Enzymes in Helianthus annuus L. Roots During Orobanche cumana Wallr. Penetration,” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, vol. 17, no. 8a, pp. 1038-1044, 2008.
  • [8] I.M. Moller, P.E. Jensen, and A. Hansson, “Oxidative modifications to cellular components in plants,” Annual Review of Plant Biology, vol. 58, pp. 459-81, 2007.
  • [9] B. Kacar, A.V. Katkat, and Ş. Öztürk, “Plant Physiology” Uludag University Empowerment Foundation Publication, No: 198, Vipas Publication No:74, Bursa, 2002.
  • [10] K. Asada, “Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions,” Plant Physiology, vol. 141, no. 2, pp. 391-396, 2006.
  • [11] F. Fazeli, M. Ghorbanli, and V. Niknam, “Effect of drought on biomass, protein content, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in two sesame cultivars,” Biologia Plantarum, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 98-103, 2007.
  • [12] R. Mittler, S. Vanderauwera, M. Gollery, and F. Van Breusegem, “The reactive oxygen gene network in plants,” Trends Plant Sci, vol. 9, pp. 490-498, 2004.
  • [13] W. Heydecker, and P. Coolbear, “Seed treatments for improved performance, survey and attempted prognosis,” Seed Science and Technology, vol. 5, pp. 353-425, 1977.
  • [14] A.A. Khan, “Preplant physiological seed conditioning,” Horticultural Reviews, vol. 13, pp. 131-181, 1992.
  • [15] M.S. Rhaman, S. Imran, F. Rauf, M. Khatun, C.C. Baskin, Y. Murata, and M. Hasanuzzaman, “Seed priming with phytohormones: An effective approach for the mitigation of abiotic stress,” Plants, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 37, 2021.
  • [16] T.J. Bruce, M.C. Matthes, J.A. Napier, and J.A. Pickett, “Stressful “memories” of plants: evidence and possible mechanisms,” Plant Science, vol. 173, no. 6, pp. 603-608, 2007.
  • [17] S.P. Hardegree, “Optimization of seed priming treatments to increase low-temperature germination rate,” Journal of Range Management, no. 49, pp. 87–92, 1996.
  • [18] T.G. Min, and B.M. Seo, “Optimum conditions for tobacco seed priming by PEG 6000,” Korean Journal of Crop Science, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 263-266, 1999.
  • [19] E. Elkoca, “Priming: pre-sowing seed applications,” Journal of Atatürk University Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 113-120, 2007.
  • [20] X. Wang, J. Cai, F. Liu, T. Dai, W. Cao, B. Wollenweber, and D. Jiang, “Multiple heat priming enhances thermo-tolerance to a later high temperature stress via improving subcellular antioxidant activities in wheat seedlings,” Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, vol. 74, pp. 185-192, 2014.
  • [21] M. Farooq, S.M.A. Basra, and N. Ahmad, “Improving the performance of transplanted rice by seed priming,” Plant Growth Regulation, vol. 51, pp. 129–137, 2007.
  • [22] S.M.A. Basra, M. Farooq, R. Tabassam, and N. Ahmad, “Physiological and Biochemical aspects of pre-sowing seed treatments in fine rice (Oryza sativa L.),” Seed Science and Technology, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 623–628, 2005.
  • [23] D. Harris, “The effects of manure, genotype, seed priming, depth and date of sowing on the emergence and early growth of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench in semi-arid Botswana,” Soil Tillage Research, no. 40, pp. 73-88, 1996.
  • [24] M.A. Shahzad, W.U. Din, S.T. Sahi, M.M. Khan, and E.M. Ahmad, “Effect of sowing dates and seed treatment on grain yield and quality of wheat,” Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 581583, 2007.
  • [25] K. Maroufi, H.A. Farahani, and O. Moradi, “Thermo priming influence on seedling production in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.),” Advances in Environmental Biology, pp. 3664-3668, 2011.
  • [26] P.J. Wilson, K.E.N. Thompson, and J.G. Hodgson, “Specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content as alternative predictors of plant strategies,” The New Phytologist, vol. 143, no. 1, pp. 155-162, 1999.
  • [27] R.E. Smart, and G.E. Bingham, “Rapid Estimates of Relative Water Content,” Plant Physiology, vol. 53, pp. 258-260, 1974.
  • [28] F.J. Peryea, and R. Kammereck, “Use of Minolta SPAD‐502 chlorophyll meter to quantify the effectiveness of mid‐summer trunk injection of iron on chlorotic pear trees,” Journal of plant nutrition, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1457-1463, 1997.
  • [29] M.M. Bradford, “A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding,” Analytical Biochemistry, vol. 2, pp. 248-254, 1976.
  • [30] Y. Nakano, and K. Asada, “Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts,” Plant and Cell Physiology, vol. 22, pp. 867-880, 1981.
  • [31] B. Halliwell, and C.H. Foyer, “Presence of glutathione and glutathione reductase in chloroplasts: A proposed role in ascorbic acid metabolism,” Planta, vol. 133, pp. 21-22, 1976.
  • [32] N. Bergmeyer, “Methoden der enzymetischen analyse,” Akademia Verlag, vol. 1, pp. 636-647, 1970.
  • [33] J.M. Cheeseman, “Hydrogen peroxide concentrations in leaves under natural conditions,” Journal of Experimental Botany, vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 2435-2444, 2006.
  • [34] D. Kumar, M.A. Yusuf, P. Singh, M. Sardar, and N.B. Sarin, “Histochemical detection of superoxide and H2O2 accumulation in Brassica juncea seedlings,” Bio-protocol, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. e1108-e1108, 2014.
  • [35] S. Demirbaş, and O. Acar, “Physiological and biochemical defense reactions of Arabidopsis thaliana to Phelipanche ramosa infection and salt stress,” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 2268-2275, 2017.
  • [36] W. Liu, F. Sun, S. Sun, L. Guo, H. Wang, and H. Cui, “Multi-scale assessment of eco-hydrological resilience to drought in China over the last three decades,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 672, pp. 201-211, 2019.
  • [37] H.A.A. Hussein, S.O. Alshammari, S.K. Kenawy, F.M. Elkady, and A.A. Badawy, “Grain-priming with L-arginine improves the growth performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants under drought stress,” Plants, vol. 11, no. 9, pp. 1219, 2022.
  • [38] Y. Fan, C. Ma, Z. Huang, M. Abid, S. Jiang, T. Dai, and X. Han, “Heat priming during early reproductive stages enhances thermo-tolerance to post-anthesis heat stress via improving photosynthesis and plant productivity in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.),” Frontiers in plant science, vol. 9, pp. 805, 2018.
  • [39] C. Shan, S. Zhang, and X. Ou, “The roles of H2S and H2O2 in regulating AsA GSH cycle in the leaves of wheat seedlings under drought stress,” Protoplasma, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 1257-1262, 2018.
  • [40] T. Elmas, and O. Acar, “The Effects of Some Seed Priming Treatments on Germination and Seedling Development in Wheat,” International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 2422-8702, 2021.
  • [41] A. Hameed, T. Farooq, A. Hameed, M. Ibrahim, M.A. Sheikh, and S.M.A. Basra, “Wheat seed germination, antioxidant enzymes and biochemical enhancements by sodium nitroprusside priming,” Agrochımıca, vol. 59,no. 2, pp. 93-107, 2015.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Müge Teker Yıldız 0000-0001-7657-9811

Eda Günay 0000-0002-6616-6228

Okan Acar 0000-0002-9818-8827

Publication Date January 26, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Teker Yıldız, M., Günay, E., & Acar, O. (2024). Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 12(1), 375-389. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1213671
AMA Teker Yıldız M, Günay E, Acar O. Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses. DUBİTED. January 2024;12(1):375-389. doi:10.29130/dubited.1213671
Chicago Teker Yıldız, Müge, Eda Günay, and Okan Acar. “Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 12, no. 1 (January 2024): 375-89. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1213671.
EndNote Teker Yıldız M, Günay E, Acar O (January 1, 2024) Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 12 1 375–389.
IEEE M. Teker Yıldız, E. Günay, and O. Acar, “Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses”, DUBİTED, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 375–389, 2024, doi: 10.29130/dubited.1213671.
ISNAD Teker Yıldız, Müge et al. “Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 12/1 (January 2024), 375-389. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1213671.
JAMA Teker Yıldız M, Günay E, Acar O. Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses. DUBİTED. 2024;12:375–389.
MLA Teker Yıldız, Müge et al. “Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses”. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 1, 2024, pp. 375-89, doi:10.29130/dubited.1213671.
Vancouver Teker Yıldız M, Günay E, Acar O. Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses. DUBİTED. 2024;12(1):375-89.