Abstract
Objective: Most mothers prefer to breastfeed their babies after birth. Recent data show that at least 75% of new mothers try to breastfeed their babies. There are a considerable number of galactogenic supplements that are used to increase milk production in breastfeeding mothers. Alcoholic/aqueous extracts from various galactogenic supplements have been reported to maintain or increase milk production through various physiological changes at the biological level. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of a three-day intake of galactogens on milk production in mothers.
Material and Method: The study retrospectively analyzed data from mothers whose milk volume and use of breast milk substitutes were routinely recorded in the maternity ward in January 2021. The data of mothers who had given birth at University of Health Sciences Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital, whose babies were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit and who regularly visited the breast milk unit to express breast milk were taken from the hospital’s registration system. The mothers taking galactogens and those not taking galactogens were divided into two groups. The amount of milk expressed was determined at baseline and 3 hours after and at day 4 complete breast emptying.
Results: It was found that at the end of day 4, there was no statistically significant difference between the average milk volumes of mothers with and without galactogens. In both groups, the amount of breast milk expressed at the beginning of the study increased statistically significantly on day 4.
Conclusion: There are studies that report that some galactogens used in the literature increase the amount of breast milk. There is a need for more comprehensive studies to provide recommendations for the use of galactogens and to provide detailed information on safe use.
Keywords
References
- World Health Organization (WHO). Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding. Geneva: WHO; 2002.
- UNICEF. Infant and young child feeding 2021. Available at: https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/infant-and-young-child-feeding/ (Accessed on March 5, 2024).
- WHO Collaborative Group. Effect of breastfeeding on infant and child mortality due to infectious diseases in less developed countries: a pooled analysis. WHO Collaborative Study Team on the Role of Breastfeeding on the Prevention of Infant Mortality. Lancet. 2000;355:451-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)06260-1
- Yu C, Binns CW, Lee AH. Comparison of breastfeeding rates and health outcomes for infants receiving care from hospital outpatient clinic and community health centres in China. J Child Health Care. 2016;20(3):286-93. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493515587058
- US Department of Health and Human Services. The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding. Washington, DC: Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General; 2011.
- Horta B, Victora C. The Short-Term Effects of Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013.
- O'Ryan ML, Lucero Y, Rabello M, et al. Persistent and transient Helicobacter pylori infections in early childhood. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61(2):211-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ256
- Carreira H, Bastos A, Peleteiro B, Lunet N. Breast-feeding and Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(3):500-20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014000500
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. 2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBİTAK, Ankara; 2019. Available at: https://fs.hacettepe.edu.tr/hips/dosyalar/Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar%20-%20raporlar/2018%20TNSA/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor_compressed.pdf (Accessed on March 5, 2024).
- Choudhry UK. Traditional practices of women from India: pregnancy, childbirth, and newborn care. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1997;26(5):533-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1997.tb02156.x
- Dahlen HG, Homer CSE. Infant feeding in the first 12 weeks following birth: a comparison of patterns seen in Asian and non-Asian women in Australia. Women Birth. 2010;23(1):22-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2009.03.001
- Mortel M, Mehta SD. Systematic review of the efficacy of herbal galactogogues. J Hum Lact. 2013;29(2):154-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334413477243
- Haastrup MB, Pottegård A, Damkier P. Alcohol and breastfeeding. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014;114(2):168-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12149
- Kayıran SM. Galaktogoglar. Klinik Tıp Pediatri Dergisi. 2018;10(6):28-31.
- Hale TW. Medications and Mothers' Milk 12th ed. Hale Publishing, LP: Amarillo, TX, USA; 2006.
- Tiran D. The use of fenugreek for breast feeding women. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2003;9(3):155-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-6117(03)00044-1
- Anderson PO. Herbal Use During Breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med. 2017;12(9):507-9. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2017.0150
- Birla A, Satia M, Shah R, Pai A, Srivastava S, Langade D. Postpartum Use of Shavari Bar® Improves Breast Milk Output: A Double-Blind, Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study. Cureus. 2022;14(7):e26831. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26831
- Sevrin T, Boquien CY, Gandon A, et al. Fenugreek Stimulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Milk Synthesis and Milk Flow through Modulation of Insulin/GH/IGF-1 Axis and Oxytocin Secretion. Genes (Basel). 2020;11(10):1208. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11101208
- Damanik R, Wahlqvist ML, Wattanapenpaiboon N. Lactagogue effects of Torbangun, a Bataknese traditional cuisine. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2006;15(2):267-74.
- Golan Y, Assaraf YG. Genetic and Physiological Factors Affecting Human Milk Production and Composition. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1500. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051500
- Jackson PC. Complementary and alternative methods of increasing breast milk supply for lactating mothers of infants in the NICU. Neonatal Netw. 2010;29(4):225-30. https://doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.29.4.225
- Irmak AY,Balkan Z, Metinoğlu M, Herbal Galactogogues to Increase Breast Milk Production: Literature Review. Sağlık ve Toplum. 2019;29(1):13-26.
- Section on Breastfeeding; Eidelman AI, Schanler RJ, Johnston M, et al. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2012;129(3):e827-41. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-3552
- Zuppa AA, Sindico P, Orchi C, Carducci C, Cardiello V, Romagnoli C. Safety and efficacy of galactogogues: substances that induce, maintain and increase breast milk production. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2010;13(2):162-74. https://doi.org/10.18433/j3ds3r
- Kent JC, Prime DK, Garbin CP. Principles for maintaining or increasing breast milk production. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2012;41(1):114-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01313.x
Abstract
Amaç: Annelerin çoğu doğumdan sonra bebeklerini emzirmeyi tercih etmektedir. Son veriler, yeni annelerin en az %75’inin bebeklerini emzirmeye çalıştığını göstermektedir. Emziren annelerde süt üretimini artırmak için kullanılan önemli sayıda galaktojenik takviye bulunmaktadır. Çeşitli galaktojenik takviyelerden elde edilen alkollü/sulu ekstraktların, biyolojik düzeyde çeşitli fizyolojik değişiklikler yoluyla süt üretimini koruduğu veya artırdığı bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üç günlük galaktojen alımının annelerde süt üretimi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, Ocak 2021’de doğum servisinde süt hacmi ve anne sütü ikamesi kullanımı rutin olarak kaydedilen annelerden elde edilen verileri retrospektif olarak analiz etti. Ankara Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Kadın Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde doğum yapmış, bebeği yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinde yatan ve anne sütünü sağmak için düzenli olarak anne sütü ünitesine gelen annelerin verileri hastanenin kayıt sisteminden alındı. Galaktojen alan ve almayan anneler iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Sağılan süt miktarı başlangıçta ve memenin tamamen boşalmasından 3 saat sonra ve 4. gün belirlendi.
Bulgular: Dördüncü günün sonunda, galaktojen alan ve almayan annelerin ortalama süt hacimleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığı bulunmuştur. Her iki grupta da çalışmanın başında sağılan anne sütü miktarı 4. günde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde artmıştır.
Sonuç: Literatürde kullanılan bazı galaktojenlerin anne sütü miktarını artırdığını bildiren çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Galaktojenlerin kullanımına yönelik öneriler sunmak ve güvenli kullanım hakkında detaylı bilgi sağlamak için daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Keywords
References
- World Health Organization (WHO). Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding. Geneva: WHO; 2002.
- UNICEF. Infant and young child feeding 2021. Available at: https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/infant-and-young-child-feeding/ (Accessed on March 5, 2024).
- WHO Collaborative Group. Effect of breastfeeding on infant and child mortality due to infectious diseases in less developed countries: a pooled analysis. WHO Collaborative Study Team on the Role of Breastfeeding on the Prevention of Infant Mortality. Lancet. 2000;355:451-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)06260-1
- Yu C, Binns CW, Lee AH. Comparison of breastfeeding rates and health outcomes for infants receiving care from hospital outpatient clinic and community health centres in China. J Child Health Care. 2016;20(3):286-93. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493515587058
- US Department of Health and Human Services. The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding. Washington, DC: Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General; 2011.
- Horta B, Victora C. The Short-Term Effects of Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2013.
- O'Ryan ML, Lucero Y, Rabello M, et al. Persistent and transient Helicobacter pylori infections in early childhood. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61(2):211-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ256
- Carreira H, Bastos A, Peleteiro B, Lunet N. Breast-feeding and Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18(3):500-20. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980014000500
- Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. 2018 Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü, T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı ve TÜBİTAK, Ankara; 2019. Available at: https://fs.hacettepe.edu.tr/hips/dosyalar/Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rmalar%20-%20raporlar/2018%20TNSA/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor_compressed.pdf (Accessed on March 5, 2024).
- Choudhry UK. Traditional practices of women from India: pregnancy, childbirth, and newborn care. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1997;26(5):533-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1997.tb02156.x
- Dahlen HG, Homer CSE. Infant feeding in the first 12 weeks following birth: a comparison of patterns seen in Asian and non-Asian women in Australia. Women Birth. 2010;23(1):22-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2009.03.001
- Mortel M, Mehta SD. Systematic review of the efficacy of herbal galactogogues. J Hum Lact. 2013;29(2):154-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334413477243
- Haastrup MB, Pottegård A, Damkier P. Alcohol and breastfeeding. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014;114(2):168-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12149
- Kayıran SM. Galaktogoglar. Klinik Tıp Pediatri Dergisi. 2018;10(6):28-31.
- Hale TW. Medications and Mothers' Milk 12th ed. Hale Publishing, LP: Amarillo, TX, USA; 2006.
- Tiran D. The use of fenugreek for breast feeding women. Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2003;9(3):155-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-6117(03)00044-1
- Anderson PO. Herbal Use During Breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med. 2017;12(9):507-9. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2017.0150
- Birla A, Satia M, Shah R, Pai A, Srivastava S, Langade D. Postpartum Use of Shavari Bar® Improves Breast Milk Output: A Double-Blind, Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study. Cureus. 2022;14(7):e26831. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.26831
- Sevrin T, Boquien CY, Gandon A, et al. Fenugreek Stimulates the Expression of Genes Involved in Milk Synthesis and Milk Flow through Modulation of Insulin/GH/IGF-1 Axis and Oxytocin Secretion. Genes (Basel). 2020;11(10):1208. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11101208
- Damanik R, Wahlqvist ML, Wattanapenpaiboon N. Lactagogue effects of Torbangun, a Bataknese traditional cuisine. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2006;15(2):267-74.
- Golan Y, Assaraf YG. Genetic and Physiological Factors Affecting Human Milk Production and Composition. Nutrients. 2020;12(5):1500. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051500
- Jackson PC. Complementary and alternative methods of increasing breast milk supply for lactating mothers of infants in the NICU. Neonatal Netw. 2010;29(4):225-30. https://doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.29.4.225
- Irmak AY,Balkan Z, Metinoğlu M, Herbal Galactogogues to Increase Breast Milk Production: Literature Review. Sağlık ve Toplum. 2019;29(1):13-26.
- Section on Breastfeeding; Eidelman AI, Schanler RJ, Johnston M, et al. Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics. 2012;129(3):e827-41. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-3552
- Zuppa AA, Sindico P, Orchi C, Carducci C, Cardiello V, Romagnoli C. Safety and efficacy of galactogogues: substances that induce, maintain and increase breast milk production. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2010;13(2):162-74. https://doi.org/10.18433/j3ds3r
- Kent JC, Prime DK, Garbin CP. Principles for maintaining or increasing breast milk production. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2012;41(1):114-21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01313.x
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Reproductive Medicine (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 25, 2024 |
| Submission Date | February 16, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | March 11, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 1 |
