Research Article
Year 2023,
Volume: 9 Issue: 5 - September 2023, 855 - 867, 04.09.2023
Abstract
References
- 1. Pirinççioğlu F. [Relation of emotion expression of bipolar disorder patient relatives with mental theory skills]. Harran Unıversıty Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Mental Health and Diseases, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. Master thesis, 2020. [Article in Turkish]
- 2. Schmitt A, Malchow B, Hasan A, Fallkai P. The impact of environmental factors in severe psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2014;8:19.
- 3. Robinson N, Bergen SE. Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and their relationship to genetic risk: current knowledge and future directions. Front Genet 2021;12:686666.
- 4. Sullivan AE, Miklowitz DJ. Family functioning among adolescents with bipolar disorder. J Fam Psychol 2010;24:60-7.
- 5. Vaughn CE, Leff JP. The influence of family and social factors on the course of psychiatric illness: A comparison of schizophrenic and depressed neurotic patients. Br J Psychiatry 1976;129:125-37.
- 6. Howes OD, McDonald C, Cannon M, Arseneault L, Boydell J, Murray RM. Pathways to schizophrenia: the impact of environmental factors. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2004;7(Supplement_1):S7-13.
- 7. Duman ZÇ, Bademli K. [Families of chronic psychiatric patients: a systematic review]. Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar 2013;5:78-94. [Article in Turkish]
- 8. Soysal M. Analysis on perceived social support of patients with schizophrenia. Gaziantep University Health Sciences Institute; 2017.
- 9. Tüzer V, Zincir S, Başterzi Ad, Aydemir Ç, Kısa C, Göka E. [Assessment of expressed emotion and family environment in schizophrenic patients]. Klinik Psikiyatri 2003;6:198-203. [Article in Turkish]
- 10. Chang KD, Blasey C, Ketter TA, Steiner H. Family environment of children and adolescents with bipolar parents. Bipolar Disord 2001;3:73-8.
- 11. Miklowitz DJ, Johnson SL. Social and familial factors in the course of bipolar disorder: basic processes and relevant interventions. Clin Psychol Publ Div Clin Psychol Am Psychol Assoc 2009;16:281-96.
- 12. Geller B, Tillman R, Craney JL, Bolhofner K. Four-year prospective outcome and natural history of Mania in childrenwith a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004;61:459-67.
- 13. Preti A, Meneghelli A, Poletti M, Raballo A. Through the prism of comorbidity: A strategic rethinking of early intervention in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Schizophr Res 2022;239:128-33.
- 14. Lamborn SD, Mounts NS, Steinberg L, Dornbusch SM. Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. Child Dev 1991;62:1049-65.
- 15. Yılmaz A. [The reliability and validity study of the Parent Attitude Scale]. Çocuk ve Genç Ruh Sağlığı Derg 2000;7:160-72. [Article in Turkish]
- 16. Andreasen NC. Methods for assessing positive and negative symptoms. Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry 1990;24:73-88.
- 17. Erkoç Ş, Arkonaç O, Ataklı C, Özmen E. [The reliability and validity of scale for the Assesment of the Positive Symtoms]. Düşünen Adam 1991;4:20-4. [Article in Turkish]
- 18. Erkoç Ş, Arkonaç O, Ataklı C, Özmen E. [The reliability and validity of scale for the Assesment of the Negative Symtoms]. Düşünen Adam 1991;4:16-9. [Article in Turkish]
- 19. Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler ZE, Meyer DA. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry 1978;133:429-35.
- 20. Karadağ F, Oral T, Yalcin FA, Erten E. [Reliability and validity of Turkish translation of Young Mania Rating Scale]. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2002;13:107-14. [Article in Turkish]
- 21. Hamilton M. The Hamilton rating scale for depression. In: Assessment of depression. Springer; 1986: pp. 143-52.
- 22. Aydemir Ö, Deveci A, İçelli İ. [Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the structured interview guide for Hamilton Depression Rating Scale seasonal affective disorder]. Psikiyatri in Türkiye 2006;8:18-21. [Article in Turkish]
- 23. Thorup AA, Jepsen JR, Ellersgaard DV, Burton BK, Christiani CJ, Hemager N, et al. The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study–VIA 7-a cohort study of 520 7-year-old children born of parents diagnosed with either schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or neither of these two mental disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2015;15:233.
- 24. Miklowitz DJ, Biuckians A, Richards JA. Early-onset bipolar disorder: a family treatment perspective. Dev Psychopathol 2006;18:1247-65.
- 25. Vostanis P, Graves A, Meltzer H, Goodman R, Jenkins R, Brugha T. Relationship between parental psychopathology, parenting strategies and child mental health. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2006;41:509-14.
- 26. Etain B, Henry C, Bellivier F, Mathieu F, Leboyer M. Beyond genetics: childhood affective trauma in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2008;10:867-76.
- 27. Özütek ZS. [Effects the of interaction between schizoprenic-patient and their relatives of lllness and qudlity of life]. Istanbul University Social Sciences Institute, Master’s thesis. 2005. [Article in Turkish]
- 28. Ebrinç S, Çetin M, Başoğlu C, Ağargün MY, Seçil M, Can S, et al. [Research of family functionality, social support and expression of emotion in schizophrenic patients and their families]. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2001;2:5-14. [Article in Turkish]
- 29. Levene JE, Lancee W, Seeman MV, Skinner H, Freeman SJ. Family and patient predictors of symptomatic status in schizophrenia. Can J Psychiatry 2009;54:446-51.
- 30. Ellis AJ, Portnoff LC, Axelson DA, Kowatch RA, Walshaw P, Miklowitz DJ. Parental expressed emotion and suicidal ideation in adolescents with bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2014;216:213-6.
- 31. Simoneau TL, Miklowitz DJ, Richards JA, Saleem RA, George EL. Bipolar disorder and family communication: effects of a psychoeducational treatment program. J Abnorm Psychol 1999;108;588-97.
- 32. Wittenborn AK, Holtrop K. Introduction to the special issue on the efficacy and effectiveness of couple and family interventions: Evidence base update 2010-2019. J Marital Fam Ther 2022;48:5-22.
- 33. Lichtenstein P, Yip BH, Björk C, Pawitan Y, Cannon TD, Sullivan PF, et al. Common genetic determinants of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Swedish families: a population-based study. Lancet 2009;373:234-9.
- 34. Kang J, Jiao Z, Qin Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Jin L, et al. Associations between polygenic risk scores and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation of inferior frontal gyrus in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res. 2022;147:4-12.
- 35. Vreeker A, Boks MPM, Abramovic L, Verkooijen S, Bergen AH van, Hillegers MHJ, et al. High educational performance is a distinctive feature of bipolar disorder: a study on cognition in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia patients, relatives and controls. Psychol Med 2016;46:807-18.
- 36. Sletved KSO, Ziersen SC, Andersen PK, Vinberg M, Kessing LV. Socio-economic functioning in patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected siblings–results from a nation-wide population-based longitudinal study. Psychol Med 2021. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721002026.
- 37. Vasudeva S, Sekhar CK, Rao PG. Caregivers burden of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a sectional study. Indian J Psychol Med 2013;35:352-7.
- 38. Pacheco A, Barguil M, Contreras J, Montero P, Dassori A, Escamilla MA, et al. Social and clinical comparison between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder type I with psychosis in Costa Rica. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2010;45:675-80.
- 39. Mausbach BT, Harvey PD, Pulver AE, Depp CA, Wolyniec PS, Thornquist MH, et al. Relationship of the Brief UCSD Performance‐based Skills Assessment (UPSA‐B) to multiple indicators of functioning in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2010;12:45-55.
Year 2023,
Volume: 9 Issue: 5 - September 2023, 855 - 867, 04.09.2023
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the effect of perceived parental attitudes on the symptoms of these diseases in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) and to compare the perceived parental attitudes between these two disorders.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2020 and August 2021 at a university hospital in Turkey. Fifty-two patients with BD and 50 patients with schizophrenia in remission, aged 16-50 years, who met the respective diagnostic criteria defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-5 were included in the study.
Results: The mean age of patients with BD was 38.90 ±1 0.95 years, while it was 39.08 ± 11.51 years for those with schizophrenia. Females comprised 65.38% (n = 34) of the BD group and 78.00% (n = 39) of the schizophrenia group. Our results showed that the severity of various negative schizophrenia symptoms increased with higher levels of perceived parental libertarian attitude. In addition, the severity of delusion, which is one of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, was found to increase with lower perceived parental interest. We did not find a significant relationship between the severity of mania and depression symptoms and perceived parental attitudes.
Conclusions: In addition to supporting previously reported relationships of various factors and schizophrenia and BD, our results suggest that the increase in the level of liberality of parents has a negative impact on the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. In addition, the decrease in the level of interest of parents towards their children exacerbates delusion symptoms.
References
- 1. Pirinççioğlu F. [Relation of emotion expression of bipolar disorder patient relatives with mental theory skills]. Harran Unıversıty Faculty Of Medicine, Department of Mental Health and Diseases, Şanlıurfa, Turkey. Master thesis, 2020. [Article in Turkish]
- 2. Schmitt A, Malchow B, Hasan A, Fallkai P. The impact of environmental factors in severe psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2014;8:19.
- 3. Robinson N, Bergen SE. Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and their relationship to genetic risk: current knowledge and future directions. Front Genet 2021;12:686666.
- 4. Sullivan AE, Miklowitz DJ. Family functioning among adolescents with bipolar disorder. J Fam Psychol 2010;24:60-7.
- 5. Vaughn CE, Leff JP. The influence of family and social factors on the course of psychiatric illness: A comparison of schizophrenic and depressed neurotic patients. Br J Psychiatry 1976;129:125-37.
- 6. Howes OD, McDonald C, Cannon M, Arseneault L, Boydell J, Murray RM. Pathways to schizophrenia: the impact of environmental factors. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2004;7(Supplement_1):S7-13.
- 7. Duman ZÇ, Bademli K. [Families of chronic psychiatric patients: a systematic review]. Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar 2013;5:78-94. [Article in Turkish]
- 8. Soysal M. Analysis on perceived social support of patients with schizophrenia. Gaziantep University Health Sciences Institute; 2017.
- 9. Tüzer V, Zincir S, Başterzi Ad, Aydemir Ç, Kısa C, Göka E. [Assessment of expressed emotion and family environment in schizophrenic patients]. Klinik Psikiyatri 2003;6:198-203. [Article in Turkish]
- 10. Chang KD, Blasey C, Ketter TA, Steiner H. Family environment of children and adolescents with bipolar parents. Bipolar Disord 2001;3:73-8.
- 11. Miklowitz DJ, Johnson SL. Social and familial factors in the course of bipolar disorder: basic processes and relevant interventions. Clin Psychol Publ Div Clin Psychol Am Psychol Assoc 2009;16:281-96.
- 12. Geller B, Tillman R, Craney JL, Bolhofner K. Four-year prospective outcome and natural history of Mania in childrenwith a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2004;61:459-67.
- 13. Preti A, Meneghelli A, Poletti M, Raballo A. Through the prism of comorbidity: A strategic rethinking of early intervention in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Schizophr Res 2022;239:128-33.
- 14. Lamborn SD, Mounts NS, Steinberg L, Dornbusch SM. Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, and neglectful families. Child Dev 1991;62:1049-65.
- 15. Yılmaz A. [The reliability and validity study of the Parent Attitude Scale]. Çocuk ve Genç Ruh Sağlığı Derg 2000;7:160-72. [Article in Turkish]
- 16. Andreasen NC. Methods for assessing positive and negative symptoms. Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry 1990;24:73-88.
- 17. Erkoç Ş, Arkonaç O, Ataklı C, Özmen E. [The reliability and validity of scale for the Assesment of the Positive Symtoms]. Düşünen Adam 1991;4:20-4. [Article in Turkish]
- 18. Erkoç Ş, Arkonaç O, Ataklı C, Özmen E. [The reliability and validity of scale for the Assesment of the Negative Symtoms]. Düşünen Adam 1991;4:16-9. [Article in Turkish]
- 19. Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler ZE, Meyer DA. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry 1978;133:429-35.
- 20. Karadağ F, Oral T, Yalcin FA, Erten E. [Reliability and validity of Turkish translation of Young Mania Rating Scale]. Turk Psikiyatri Derg 2002;13:107-14. [Article in Turkish]
- 21. Hamilton M. The Hamilton rating scale for depression. In: Assessment of depression. Springer; 1986: pp. 143-52.
- 22. Aydemir Ö, Deveci A, İçelli İ. [Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the structured interview guide for Hamilton Depression Rating Scale seasonal affective disorder]. Psikiyatri in Türkiye 2006;8:18-21. [Article in Turkish]
- 23. Thorup AA, Jepsen JR, Ellersgaard DV, Burton BK, Christiani CJ, Hemager N, et al. The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study–VIA 7-a cohort study of 520 7-year-old children born of parents diagnosed with either schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or neither of these two mental disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2015;15:233.
- 24. Miklowitz DJ, Biuckians A, Richards JA. Early-onset bipolar disorder: a family treatment perspective. Dev Psychopathol 2006;18:1247-65.
- 25. Vostanis P, Graves A, Meltzer H, Goodman R, Jenkins R, Brugha T. Relationship between parental psychopathology, parenting strategies and child mental health. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2006;41:509-14.
- 26. Etain B, Henry C, Bellivier F, Mathieu F, Leboyer M. Beyond genetics: childhood affective trauma in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2008;10:867-76.
- 27. Özütek ZS. [Effects the of interaction between schizoprenic-patient and their relatives of lllness and qudlity of life]. Istanbul University Social Sciences Institute, Master’s thesis. 2005. [Article in Turkish]
- 28. Ebrinç S, Çetin M, Başoğlu C, Ağargün MY, Seçil M, Can S, et al. [Research of family functionality, social support and expression of emotion in schizophrenic patients and their families]. Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2001;2:5-14. [Article in Turkish]
- 29. Levene JE, Lancee W, Seeman MV, Skinner H, Freeman SJ. Family and patient predictors of symptomatic status in schizophrenia. Can J Psychiatry 2009;54:446-51.
- 30. Ellis AJ, Portnoff LC, Axelson DA, Kowatch RA, Walshaw P, Miklowitz DJ. Parental expressed emotion and suicidal ideation in adolescents with bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2014;216:213-6.
- 31. Simoneau TL, Miklowitz DJ, Richards JA, Saleem RA, George EL. Bipolar disorder and family communication: effects of a psychoeducational treatment program. J Abnorm Psychol 1999;108;588-97.
- 32. Wittenborn AK, Holtrop K. Introduction to the special issue on the efficacy and effectiveness of couple and family interventions: Evidence base update 2010-2019. J Marital Fam Ther 2022;48:5-22.
- 33. Lichtenstein P, Yip BH, Björk C, Pawitan Y, Cannon TD, Sullivan PF, et al. Common genetic determinants of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in Swedish families: a population-based study. Lancet 2009;373:234-9.
- 34. Kang J, Jiao Z, Qin Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Jin L, et al. Associations between polygenic risk scores and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation of inferior frontal gyrus in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res. 2022;147:4-12.
- 35. Vreeker A, Boks MPM, Abramovic L, Verkooijen S, Bergen AH van, Hillegers MHJ, et al. High educational performance is a distinctive feature of bipolar disorder: a study on cognition in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia patients, relatives and controls. Psychol Med 2016;46:807-18.
- 36. Sletved KSO, Ziersen SC, Andersen PK, Vinberg M, Kessing LV. Socio-economic functioning in patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected siblings–results from a nation-wide population-based longitudinal study. Psychol Med 2021. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721002026.
- 37. Vasudeva S, Sekhar CK, Rao PG. Caregivers burden of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a sectional study. Indian J Psychol Med 2013;35:352-7.
- 38. Pacheco A, Barguil M, Contreras J, Montero P, Dassori A, Escamilla MA, et al. Social and clinical comparison between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder type I with psychosis in Costa Rica. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2010;45:675-80.
- 39. Mausbach BT, Harvey PD, Pulver AE, Depp CA, Wolyniec PS, Thornquist MH, et al. Relationship of the Brief UCSD Performance‐based Skills Assessment (UPSA‐B) to multiple indicators of functioning in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2010;12:45-55.
There are 39 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Psychiatry |
| Journal Section | Original Articles |
| Authors | |
| Early Pub Date | June 1, 2023 |
| Publication Date | September 4, 2023 |
| Submission Date | February 21, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | May 11, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 9 Issue: 5 - September 2023 |
e-ISSN: 2149-3189
The European Research Journal, hosted by Turkish JournalPark ACADEMIC, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
2024