Research Article
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Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 1702 - 1725, 31.12.2022

Neslihan Özkerim Güner

https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518

Abstract

As a result of the efforts to institutionalize trade in the international arena, the GATT 1947 Agreement was signed and with the entry into force of the Agreement in 1948, GATT 1947 started its activities. The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established in 1995 in order to eliminate the problems experienced due to the fact that GATT 1947 was not an international organization; Annex II Understanding On Rules and Procedures Governing The Settlement of Disputes (DSU) was adopted and the Dispute Settlement System was established in order to resolve disputes arising between members due to violation of WTO Agreements. The members of WTO have to resort to this system due to the violation of WTO Agreements. With the Dispute Settlement System, many disputes have been resolved both during the consultation phase and through panels. In the case of the European Union – Safeguard Measures on Certain Steel Products (DS 595), which is the subject of the study, Turkey claimed that the Regulations issued by the European Union Commission are contrary to the Agreement on Safeguards from the WTO Agreements. After the examination made by the panel, although all of Turkey's demands were not justified, the basic demands were accepted. As a result, in the Panel Report, it was decided to harmonize the Regulations of the European Union Commission with the Agreement on Safeguards.

Keywords

WTO DSU GATT Agreement EU- Celik Report Agreement of Safeguards

References

  • AKIL, A. (2021). Dünya Ticaret Örgütünün Denetim Sistemi Ve Kararlarına Uyulmamasının Müeyyideleri. ERÜHFD, 26(2), 365-387.
  • AKIN, Ö. C. (2014). Dünya Ticaret Örgütü Uyuşmazlık Çözüm Mekanizmasında Misilleme Yaptırımı. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(Özel Sayı), 1713-1739.
  • BARTELS, L. (2004, Oct). The Separation of Powers in the WTO: How to Avoid Judicial Activism. The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 51(4), 861-895.
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/1382 of 2 September 2019 amending certain regulations imposing anti-dumping or anti-subsidy measures on certain steel products subject to safeguard measures (the "double remedy regulation").
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/159 of 31 January 2019 imposing definitive safeguard measures against imports of certain steel products (the "definitive determination").
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/1590 of 26 September 2019 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/159 imposing definitive safeguard measures against imports of certain steel products (the "first review regulation").
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2020/35 of 15 January 2020 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/159 imposing definitive safeguard measures against imports of certain steel products.
  • EU Commission. (2018). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2018/1013 of 17 July 2018 imposing provisional safeguard measures with regard to imports of certain steel products (the "provisional determination").
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  • McDOUGALL, R. (2018). Crisis in the WTO Restoring the WTO Dispute Settlement Function. Canada: CIGI.
  • PAYOSOVA, T., Hufbauer, G., & Schott, J. (2018). The Dispute Settlement Crisis in the World Trade Organization: Causes and Cures. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
  • POSWAL, S. R., & Kumar, R. (2022). A Critique on Dispute Settlement under WTO Regime. Special Education, 43(1), 4538-4546.
  • SARIBEYOĞLU, M. (2008). Dünya Ticaret Örgütü’nün Antlaşmalara Dayalı Milletlerarası Ekonomik Düzendeki Yeri Ve Türk Hukukuna Etkisi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
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  • VAJDA, C. (2018). The EU and Beyond: Dispute Resolution in International Economic Agreements. The European Journal of International Law, 29(1), 205-224.
  • WTO. (1951). Report on the Withdrawal by the United States of a Tariff Concession under Article XIX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, CP/106.
  • WTO. (1989). Dispute Settlement System Training Module: Annex III, Decision of 12 April 1989 on improvements to the GATT dispute settlement rules and procedures.
  • WTO. (1994). Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization.
  • WTO. (1995). Understanding On Rules and Procedures Governing The Settlement of Disputes, Annex II of WTO Agreement.
  • WTO. (2021). WTO Dispute Settlement: One-Page Case Summaries 1995-2020. Geneva : WTO.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). The GATT years: from Havana to Marrakesh. 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/fact4_e.htm.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1947). 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/gatt47_01_e.htm.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). Türkiye and WTO. 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/turkey_e.htm.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). Understanding to WTO. 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm1_e.htm#:~:text=The%20WTO%20agreements%20cover%20goods,and%20keep%20open%20services%20marketsı
  • YILDIRIM, A. B. (2020). Value Chains And WTO Disputes Compliance At The Dispute Settlement Mechanism. Bern: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • YILMAZ, F. (2006). Dünya Ticaret Örgütü'nde Hukukî Uyuşmazlıkların Çözümü. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 1702 - 1725, 31.12.2022

Neslihan Özkerim Güner

https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518

Abstract

Uluslararası alanda ticaretin kurumlaştırılmasına yönelik çabalar sonucunda GATT 1947 Metni imzalanmış
ve 1948 yılında Antlaşmanın yürürlüğe girmesiyle GATT 1947 küresel ticaret sistemi faaliyetlerine
başlamıştır. GATT 1947’nin uluslararası bir örgüt olmaması nedeniyle yaşanan sıkıntıların giderilmesi
amacıyla da 1995 yılında Dünya Ticaret Örgütü (DTÖ) kurulmuş; DTÖ Antlaşmalarına aykırılık nedeniyle
üye devletler arasında çıkan uyuşmazlıkların çözülmesi için EK II Anlaşmazlıkların Halli Mutabakat Metni
(AHMM) kabul edilmiş ve Anlaşmazlıkların Halli Sistemi kurulmuştur. DTÖ Antlaşmalarına aykırılık
nedeniyle üye devletler bu sisteme başvurmak zorundadırlar. Anlaşmazlıkların Halli Sistemi ile bugüne
kadar birçok uyuşmazlık gerek danışma aşamasında gerekse paneller aracılığıyla çözülmüştür. Çalışmaya
konu Avrupa Birliği – Belirli Çelik Ürünlerinde Koruma Önlemleri davasında Türkiye, Avrupa Birliği
Komisyonu tarafından çıkarılan Yönergelerin, DTÖ Antlaşmalarından Koruma Önlemleri Antlaşmasına
aykırı olduğunu iddia etmiştir. Panel tarafından yapılan inceleme sonrasında Türkiye’nin tüm talepleri haklı
görülmese de temel talepleri kabul edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak Panel Raporunda, Avrupa Birliği Komisyonu
Yönergelerinin, Koruma Önlemleri Antlaşmasıyla uyumlu hale getirilmesine karar verilmiştir.

Keywords

DTÖ DSU GATT Anlaşması AB - Çelik Raporu Koruma Tedbirleri Anlaşması

References

  • AKIL, A. (2021). Dünya Ticaret Örgütünün Denetim Sistemi Ve Kararlarına Uyulmamasının Müeyyideleri. ERÜHFD, 26(2), 365-387.
  • AKIN, Ö. C. (2014). Dünya Ticaret Örgütü Uyuşmazlık Çözüm Mekanizmasında Misilleme Yaptırımı. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(Özel Sayı), 1713-1739.
  • BARTELS, L. (2004, Oct). The Separation of Powers in the WTO: How to Avoid Judicial Activism. The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 51(4), 861-895.
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/1382 of 2 September 2019 amending certain regulations imposing anti-dumping or anti-subsidy measures on certain steel products subject to safeguard measures (the "double remedy regulation").
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/159 of 31 January 2019 imposing definitive safeguard measures against imports of certain steel products (the "definitive determination").
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/1590 of 26 September 2019 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/159 imposing definitive safeguard measures against imports of certain steel products (the "first review regulation").
  • EU. (2019). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2020/35 of 15 January 2020 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/159 imposing definitive safeguard measures against imports of certain steel products.
  • EU Commission. (2018). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2018/1013 of 17 July 2018 imposing provisional safeguard measures with regard to imports of certain steel products (the "provisional determination").
  • EU. (tarih yok). Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2020/894 of 29 June 2020 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 2019/159 imposing definitive safeguard measures against imports of certain steel products (the "second review regulation"). 2019.
  • European Union – Safeguard Measures On Certain Steel Products (Ds595) Report Of The Panel, WT/DS595/R (WTO 04 29, 2022).
  • HOEKMAN, B., C. MAVROIDIS, P., & SALUSTE, M. (2021). Informing WTO Reform: Dispute Settlement Performance, 1995-2020. Journal of World Trade, 55(1), 1-50.
  • IMF. (2022, 07 10). About the IMF. https://www.imf.org/en/About#:~:text=The%20IMF%20was%20established%20in,staff%20drawn%20from%20150%20nations
  • LEE, H. W. (2019). Legalization and dispute settlement benefits: The case of the GATT/WTO. Rev Int Organ, 14, 479-509.
  • McDOUGALL, R. (2018). Crisis in the WTO Restoring the WTO Dispute Settlement Function. Canada: CIGI.
  • PAYOSOVA, T., Hufbauer, G., & Schott, J. (2018). The Dispute Settlement Crisis in the World Trade Organization: Causes and Cures. Peterson Institute for International Economics.
  • POSWAL, S. R., & Kumar, R. (2022). A Critique on Dispute Settlement under WTO Regime. Special Education, 43(1), 4538-4546.
  • SARIBEYOĞLU, M. (2008). Dünya Ticaret Örgütü’nün Antlaşmalara Dayalı Milletlerarası Ekonomik Düzendeki Yeri Ve Türk Hukukuna Etkisi. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • The World Bank. (tarih yok). , International Bank for Reconstruction and Development,. 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.worldbank.org/en/who-we-are/ibrd
  • The World Bank. (2021, 12 08). What is IDA? 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/factsheet/2021/04/15/what-is-ida
  • The World Bank. (tarih yok). July 1944 Bretton Woods Conference. 07 10, 2022 https://www.worldbank.org/en/archive/history#
  • TURGUTTOPBAŞ, P. N. (2011). The Dispute Settlement Under The WTO: Experience of Turkey. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(3), 97-128.
  • VAJDA, C. (2018). The EU and Beyond: Dispute Resolution in International Economic Agreements. The European Journal of International Law, 29(1), 205-224.
  • WTO. (1951). Report on the Withdrawal by the United States of a Tariff Concession under Article XIX of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, CP/106.
  • WTO. (1989). Dispute Settlement System Training Module: Annex III, Decision of 12 April 1989 on improvements to the GATT dispute settlement rules and procedures.
  • WTO. (1994). Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization.
  • WTO. (1995). Understanding On Rules and Procedures Governing The Settlement of Disputes, Annex II of WTO Agreement.
  • WTO. (2021). WTO Dispute Settlement: One-Page Case Summaries 1995-2020. Geneva : WTO.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). The GATT years: from Havana to Marrakesh. 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/fact4_e.htm.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1947). 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/docs_e/legal_e/gatt47_01_e.htm.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). Türkiye and WTO. 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/turkey_e.htm.
  • WTO. (tarih yok). Understanding to WTO. 07 10, 2022 tarihinde https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/agrm1_e.htm#:~:text=The%20WTO%20agreements%20cover%20goods,and%20keep%20open%20services%20marketsı
  • YILDIRIM, A. B. (2020). Value Chains And WTO Disputes Compliance At The Dispute Settlement Mechanism. Bern: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • YILMAZ, F. (2006). Dünya Ticaret Örgütü'nde Hukukî Uyuşmazlıkların Çözümü. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Law in Context
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Neslihan Özkerim Güner

Publication Date December 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Özkerim Güner, N. (2022). DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(2), 1702-1725. https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518
AMA Özkerim Güner N. DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI. Hacettepe HFD. December 2022;12(2):1702-1725. doi:10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518
Chicago Özkerim Güner, Neslihan. “DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI”. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 12, no. 2 (December 2022): 1702-25. https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518.
EndNote Özkerim Güner N (December 1, 2022) DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 12 2 1702–1725.
IEEE N. Özkerim Güner, “DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI”, Hacettepe HFD, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 1702–1725, 2022, doi: 10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518.
ISNAD Özkerim Güner, Neslihan. “DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI”. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 12/2 (December 2022), 1702-1725. https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518.
JAMA Özkerim Güner N. DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI. Hacettepe HFD. 2022;12:1702–1725.
MLA Özkerim Güner, Neslihan. “DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI”. Hacettepe Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 2, 2022, pp. 1702-25, doi:10.32957/hacettepehdf.1158518.
Vancouver Özkerim Güner N. DÜNYA TİCARET ÖRGÜTÜ UYUŞMAZLIK ÇÖZÜM YÖNTEMİ’NİN SOMUT BİR ÖRNEK ÜZERİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: AB KOMİSYONU’NUN BELİRLİ ÇELİK ÜRÜNLERDE KORUMA ÖNLEMLERİ YÖNERGELER DAVASI. Hacettepe HFD. 2022;12(2):1702-25.
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