Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Çalışanlar İçin İçsel Motivasyon Ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 1072 - 1097, 30.10.2023

Furkan Bardak Nihal Mamatoğlu

https://doi.org/10.47793/hp.1264714

Abstract

Araştırmanın amacı, çalışanlar için içsel motivasyon ölçeği geliştirerek, geçerlik ve güvenirliğini sınamaktır. Bu çalışma farklı iş sektörlerinde çalışan 104 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik için Çok Boyutlu İş Motivasyonu Ölçeği ve Demografik Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Ölçek uygulamalarından önce çalışanların içsel motivasyonları konusunda 11 derinlemesine görüşme yapılmış, ardından madde havuzu oluşturulmuş ve maddelerin açıklık, akıcılık ve dil kapsamında uzman görüşleri alınarak ölçek uygulanabilir hale getirilmiştir. Çalışanlar İçin İçsel Motivasyon Ölçeği (ÇİİMÖ) çalışanların içsel motivasyonlarını değerlendiren toplamda 21 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri uygun istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edilmiştir. Direct Oblimin rotasyonu ile yapılan faktör analizi sonunda Çalışanlar İçin İçsel Motivasyon Ölçeğinin (ÇİİMÖ) beş faktörü bir yapısı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu faktörlere yüklenen ifadelerin içeriğini yansıtacak şekilde; “fayda”, “inanç”, “algılanan yetkinlik”, “olumsuz duygulanım” ve “zevk/ilgi” şeklinde isimlendirilmiştir. Ölçeğe ait iç güvenirlik analizi sonuçları tatmin edici düzeydedir. Ayrıca ÇİİMÖ’nün doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile beş faktörlü yapısının geçerliliği doğrulanmıştır. Ayrıca ÇİİMÖ’nün ölçüt geçerliliğine bakmak için Çok Boyutlu İş Motivasyonu Ölçeği ölçüt olarak alınmış; her iki ölçeğe ait alt ölçekler ve toplam ölçek puanları arasındaki anlamlı ilişkiler raporlanmıştır.

Keywords

motivasyon içsel motivasyon geçerlik güvenirlik

References

  • Aydoğdu, F. (2023). AVE ve CR hesaplama. Fuat Aydoğdu Resmi Web Sitesi. https://www.fuataydogdu.com/avecr
  • Blecharz, J., Horodyska, K., Zarychta, K., Adamiec, A., & Luszczynska, A. (2015). Intrinsic motivation predicting performance satisfaction in athletes: Further psychometric evaluations of the sport motivation scale-6. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 309-319.
  • Chagwiza, O. (2021). Motivation and performance: A cross-sectional management discourse. The International Journal of Science & Technoledge, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2021/v9/i4/ST2104-015
  • Choi, J., Mogami, T., & Medalia, A. (2009). Intrinsic motivation inventory: An adapted measure for schizophrenia research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36(5), 966–976. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbp030
  • Çivilidağ, A., & Şekercioğlu, G. (2017). Çok boyutlu iş motivasyonu ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 7, 143-156. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH.2017.326
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life’s domains. Canadian Psychology, 49, 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1037/0708-5591.49.3.262
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The ‘‘what’’ and ‘‘why’’ of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Doğan, S., & Alsan, M. (2018). Psikolojik sermaye, içsel motivasyon ve iş tatmini ilişkisi. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(3), 112-125. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.423129
  • Dündar, S., Özutku, H., & Taşpınar, F. (2007). İçsel ve dışsal motivasyon araçlarının iş görenlerin motivasyonu üzerindeki etkisi: Ampirik bir inceleme. Gazi Üniversitesi Ticaret ve Turizm Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (2), 105-119.
  • Dysvik, A., & Kuvaas, B. (2012). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as predictors of work effort: The moderating role of achievement goals. British Journal of Social Psychology, 52(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02090.x
  • Ersarı, G., & Nakti̇yok, A. (2012). İş görenin içsel ve dışsal motivasyonunda stresle mücadele tekniklerinin rolü. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16 (1).
  • Fernet, C., Austin S., & Vallerand R. J. (2012). The effects of work motivation on employee exhaustion and commitment: An extension of the JD-R model. Work & Stress, 26, (3)213-229. 10.1080/02678373.2012.713202
  • Gagné, M., Forest, J., Gilbert, M., Aubé, C., Morin, E., & Angela, M. (2010). The motivation at work scale: Validation evidence in two languages. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(4), 628-646. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131644093556
  • Gardner, B., & Lally, P. (2013). Does intrinsic motivation strengthen physical activity habit? Modeling relationships between self-determination, past behaviour, and habit strength. Journal of Behavioral Bedicine, 36(5), 488-497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-012-9442-0
  • Graef, R., Csikszentmihalyi, M., & McManama Gianinno, S. (1983). Measuring intrinsic motivation in everyday life. Leisure Studies, 2(2), 155-168. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-9088-8_8
  • Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., & Anderson, R.E. (2010) Multivariate Data Analysis. 7th
  • Harter, S. (1981). A new self-report scale of intrinsic versus extrinsic orientation in the
  • Hürriyet, B., Bal, V., & Gönlügür, A. (2015). İçsel-dışsal motivasyon ile örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki
  • Katzell, R. A., & Thompson, D. E. (1990). Work motivation: Theory and practice. American
  • Kotera, Y., Gorchakova, V., Maybury, S., Edwards, A. M., & Kotera, H. (2022). Comparison of
  • Legault, L. (2016). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Encyclopedia of Personality and
  • Mafini, C., & Dlodlo, N. (2014). There lationship between extrinsic motivation, job satisfaction
  • Maslow, A., & Lewis, K. J. (1987). Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Salenger Incorporated, 14(17),
  • McAuley, E., Duncan, T., & Tammen, V. V. (1989). Psychometric properties of the intrinsic motivation inventory in a competitive sport setting: A confirmatory factor analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 60(1), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1989.10607413
  • Memon M.A., Ting H., Cheah J.-H., Thurasamy R., Chuah F., Cham T.H. 2020. Sample size for
  • survey research: Review and recommendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Mod-
  • eling 4(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.47263/JASEM.4(2)01
  • Memon, M.A., Ting, H., Cheah, J.H., Thurasamy, R., Chuah F., & Cham T.H. (2020). Sample size for survey research: Review and recommendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Mod-eling, 4(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.47263/JASEM.4(2)01
  • Mihrez, A.H., & Thoyib, A. (2014). The importance of leadership behavior and motivation in
  • Mirabela, M., & Madela, A. (2013). Cultural dimensions and work motivation in the European Union. Annals of the University of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 22 (1) 1511-1519.
  • Monteiro, V., Mata, L., & Peixoto, F. (2015). Intrinsic motivation inventory: Psychometric
  • Mottaz, J. C. (1985). The relative importance of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards as determinants
  • Oudeyer, P.Y., & Kaplan, F. (2007). What is intrinsic motivation? A typology of computational approaches. Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 1,6. https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007
  • Özdemir, A. S., Durhan, T. A., & Karaküçük, S. (2020). İçsel boş zaman motivasyon ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 15(24), 2838-2855. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.705201
  • Padmaja, K. V., Bhar, S., & Gangwar, S. (2013). Work experience, motivation and satisfaction; Do they go together? The Journal of Institute of Public Enterprise 36(3-4), 49-83.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Tuson, K. M., Fortier, M. S., Vallerand, R. J., Briére, N. M., & Blais, M. R. (1995). Toward a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The sport motivation scale (SMS). Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17(1), 35–53. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.17.1.35
  • Reiss, S. (2004). Multifaceted nature of intrinsic motivation: The theory of 16 basic desires. Review of general psychology, 8(3), 179-193. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.8.3.179
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2006). Self-regulation and the problem of human autonomy: Does psychology need choice, self-determination, and will? Journal of Personality, 74, 1557–1585. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00420.x
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 5, 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
  • Sabancı, E. (2013). Hizmet sektöründe motivasyon performans yönetimi ilişkisi; sosyal güvenlik kurumlarında bir uygulama. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Gediz Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Turabik, T., & Baskan, G. A. (2015). The importance of motivation theories in terms of education systems. Procedia. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 1055–1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.006
  • Tremblay, M. A., Blanchard, C. M., Taylor, S., Pelletier, L. G., & Villeneuve, M. (2009). Work extrinsic and intrinsic motivation scale: Its value for organizational psychology research. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 41(4), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015167
  • Uyulgan, M. A., & Akkuzu, N. (2014). An Overview of Student Teachers' Academic Intrinsic Motivation. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 14(1), 24-32. https:/doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.1.2013

Intrinsic Motivation Scale for Employees: The Study of Validity and Reliability

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 1072 - 1097, 30.10.2023

Furkan Bardak Nihal Mamatoğlu

https://doi.org/10.47793/hp.1264714

Abstract

The aim of the study is to develop an intrinsic motivation scale for employees and to test its validity and reliability. This study was conducted with 104 participants working in different business sectors. The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale and Demographic Information Form were used for criterion-related validity. Before the scale applications, 11 in-depth interviews were conducted on the intrinsic motivation of the employees, then an item pool was created and the scale was made applicable by taking expert opinions on the clarity, fluency and linguistic scope of the items. The Intrinsic Motivation Scale for Employees (IMSE) consists of a total of 21 items evaluating the intrinsic motivation of employees. Research data were analyzed with appropriate statistical methods. At the end of the factor analysis with Direct Oblimin rotation, it was seen that the Intrinsic Motivation Scale for Employees (IMES) had a five-factor structure. These factors were named as "utility", "belief", "perceived competence", "negative affect" and "pleasure/interest" to reflect the content of the statements loaded on these factors. The results of the internal reliability analysis of the scale were satisfactory. In addition, the validity of the five-factor structure of the CIMS was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale was taken as a criterion to examine the criterion validity of the JWLS; significant relationships between the subscales and total scale scores of both scales were reported.

Keywords

motivation intrinsic motivation validiti reliability

References

  • Aydoğdu, F. (2023). AVE ve CR hesaplama. Fuat Aydoğdu Resmi Web Sitesi. https://www.fuataydogdu.com/avecr
  • Blecharz, J., Horodyska, K., Zarychta, K., Adamiec, A., & Luszczynska, A. (2015). Intrinsic motivation predicting performance satisfaction in athletes: Further psychometric evaluations of the sport motivation scale-6. Polish Psychological Bulletin, 46(2), 309-319.
  • Chagwiza, O. (2021). Motivation and performance: A cross-sectional management discourse. The International Journal of Science & Technoledge, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2021/v9/i4/ST2104-015
  • Choi, J., Mogami, T., & Medalia, A. (2009). Intrinsic motivation inventory: An adapted measure for schizophrenia research. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 36(5), 966–976. https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbp030
  • Çivilidağ, A., & Şekercioğlu, G. (2017). Çok boyutlu iş motivasyonu ölçeğinin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması. Mediterranean Journal of Humanities, 7, 143-156. https://doi.org/10.13114/MJH.2017.326
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2008). Facilitating optimal motivation and psychological well-being across life’s domains. Canadian Psychology, 49, 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1037/0708-5591.49.3.262
  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The ‘‘what’’ and ‘‘why’’ of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 227–268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
  • Doğan, S., & Alsan, M. (2018). Psikolojik sermaye, içsel motivasyon ve iş tatmini ilişkisi. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(3), 112-125. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.423129
  • Dündar, S., Özutku, H., & Taşpınar, F. (2007). İçsel ve dışsal motivasyon araçlarının iş görenlerin motivasyonu üzerindeki etkisi: Ampirik bir inceleme. Gazi Üniversitesi Ticaret ve Turizm Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (2), 105-119.
  • Dysvik, A., & Kuvaas, B. (2012). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as predictors of work effort: The moderating role of achievement goals. British Journal of Social Psychology, 52(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02090.x
  • Ersarı, G., & Nakti̇yok, A. (2012). İş görenin içsel ve dışsal motivasyonunda stresle mücadele tekniklerinin rolü. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 16 (1).
  • Fernet, C., Austin S., & Vallerand R. J. (2012). The effects of work motivation on employee exhaustion and commitment: An extension of the JD-R model. Work & Stress, 26, (3)213-229. 10.1080/02678373.2012.713202
  • Gagné, M., Forest, J., Gilbert, M., Aubé, C., Morin, E., & Angela, M. (2010). The motivation at work scale: Validation evidence in two languages. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(4), 628-646. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131644093556
  • Gardner, B., & Lally, P. (2013). Does intrinsic motivation strengthen physical activity habit? Modeling relationships between self-determination, past behaviour, and habit strength. Journal of Behavioral Bedicine, 36(5), 488-497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-012-9442-0
  • Graef, R., Csikszentmihalyi, M., & McManama Gianinno, S. (1983). Measuring intrinsic motivation in everyday life. Leisure Studies, 2(2), 155-168. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-017-9088-8_8
  • Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., & Anderson, R.E. (2010) Multivariate Data Analysis. 7th
  • Harter, S. (1981). A new self-report scale of intrinsic versus extrinsic orientation in the
  • Hürriyet, B., Bal, V., & Gönlügür, A. (2015). İçsel-dışsal motivasyon ile örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki
  • Katzell, R. A., & Thompson, D. E. (1990). Work motivation: Theory and practice. American
  • Kotera, Y., Gorchakova, V., Maybury, S., Edwards, A. M., & Kotera, H. (2022). Comparison of
  • Legault, L. (2016). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Encyclopedia of Personality and
  • Mafini, C., & Dlodlo, N. (2014). There lationship between extrinsic motivation, job satisfaction
  • Maslow, A., & Lewis, K. J. (1987). Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Salenger Incorporated, 14(17),
  • McAuley, E., Duncan, T., & Tammen, V. V. (1989). Psychometric properties of the intrinsic motivation inventory in a competitive sport setting: A confirmatory factor analysis. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 60(1), 48–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1989.10607413
  • Memon M.A., Ting H., Cheah J.-H., Thurasamy R., Chuah F., Cham T.H. 2020. Sample size for
  • survey research: Review and recommendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Mod-
  • eling 4(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.47263/JASEM.4(2)01
  • Memon, M.A., Ting, H., Cheah, J.H., Thurasamy, R., Chuah F., & Cham T.H. (2020). Sample size for survey research: Review and recommendations. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Mod-eling, 4(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.47263/JASEM.4(2)01
  • Mihrez, A.H., & Thoyib, A. (2014). The importance of leadership behavior and motivation in
  • Mirabela, M., & Madela, A. (2013). Cultural dimensions and work motivation in the European Union. Annals of the University of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 22 (1) 1511-1519.
  • Monteiro, V., Mata, L., & Peixoto, F. (2015). Intrinsic motivation inventory: Psychometric
  • Mottaz, J. C. (1985). The relative importance of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards as determinants
  • Oudeyer, P.Y., & Kaplan, F. (2007). What is intrinsic motivation? A typology of computational approaches. Frontiers in Neurorobotics, 1,6. https://doi.org/10.3389/neuro.12.006.2007
  • Özdemir, A. S., Durhan, T. A., & Karaküçük, S. (2020). İçsel boş zaman motivasyon ölçeği geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 15(24), 2838-2855. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.705201
  • Padmaja, K. V., Bhar, S., & Gangwar, S. (2013). Work experience, motivation and satisfaction; Do they go together? The Journal of Institute of Public Enterprise 36(3-4), 49-83.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Tuson, K. M., Fortier, M. S., Vallerand, R. J., Briére, N. M., & Blais, M. R. (1995). Toward a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The sport motivation scale (SMS). Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 17(1), 35–53. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.17.1.35
  • Reiss, S. (2004). Multifaceted nature of intrinsic motivation: The theory of 16 basic desires. Review of general psychology, 8(3), 179-193. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.8.3.179
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2006). Self-regulation and the problem of human autonomy: Does psychology need choice, self-determination, and will? Journal of Personality, 74, 1557–1585. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2006.00420.x
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68
  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 5, 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
  • Sabancı, E. (2013). Hizmet sektöründe motivasyon performans yönetimi ilişkisi; sosyal güvenlik kurumlarında bir uygulama. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Gediz Üniversitesi, İzmir.
  • Turabik, T., & Baskan, G. A. (2015). The importance of motivation theories in terms of education systems. Procedia. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 1055–1063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.006
  • Tremblay, M. A., Blanchard, C. M., Taylor, S., Pelletier, L. G., & Villeneuve, M. (2009). Work extrinsic and intrinsic motivation scale: Its value for organizational psychology research. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 41(4), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015167
  • Uyulgan, M. A., & Akkuzu, N. (2014). An Overview of Student Teachers' Academic Intrinsic Motivation. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice, 14(1), 24-32. https:/doi.org/10.12738/estp.2014.1.2013
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Psychology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Furkan Bardak 0000-0003-2917-4883

Nihal Mamatoğlu 0000-0003-1375-6782

Early Pub Date September 25, 2023
Publication Date October 30, 2023
Submission Date March 13, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bardak, F., & Mamatoğlu, N. (2023). Çalışanlar İçin İçsel Motivasyon Ölçeği: Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Humanistic Perspective, 5(3), 1072-1097. https://doi.org/10.47793/hp.1264714
 Download Cover Image

Creative Commons License
Humanistic Perspective - 2019
DergiPark Web : https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hp | E-posta: hpeditorluk@gmail.com