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Analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Fok1 (rs2228570) and Bsm1 (rs1544410) Polymorphism in Turkish Athletes

Year 2018, Issue: 6, 561 - 572, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.453412

Abstract

Aim: Vitamin D is an important molecule responsible for the
development, contraction and regeneration of muscles. In this study, we aimed
to research the distribution of vitamin D receptor (VDR) Fok1 (rs 2228570) and
Bsm1 (rs1544410) polymorphisms in professional Turkish athletes.

Method: A total 27 athletes including 13 female and 14 male
athletes participated in the study. Following DNA isolation, polymorphisms of
VDR were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR).

Findings: 12 of the athletes have CC, 5 of them have CT and 10
of them have TT genotypes in terms of Fok1 polymorphism. 6 female athletes were
determined as CC, 2 of them as CT and 5 of them as TT genotype. 6 male athletes
were found as CC, 3 of them as CT and 5 of them as TT genotype. For Bsm1
polymorphism, 9 athletes have AA, 14 of athletes have AG and 4 of them have GG
genotypes. 3 of the female athletes have AA, 8 of them have AG and 2 of them
have GG genotypes. 6 of male athletes have AA, 6 of them have AG and 2 of them
have GG genotypes.







Conclusion:
In
our study, it was observed that CC genotype and C allele for Fok1 polymorphism
were dominant of AG genotype and A allele in Bsm 1. We believe that this study
will be a reference for new studies to research the effect of VDR gene on
athletic performance.

References

  • Ulucan K, Yalcin S, Akbas B, Konuk M. Analysis of solute carrier family 6 member 4 gene promoter polymorphism in young turkish basketball players. The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences. 2014;1(1):37-40. doi: 10.5455/JNBS.1403730925.
  • Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:266-281. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra070553.
  • Sözen T. D hormonu: Güncel gelişmeler. Hacettepe Medical J. 2011;42:14-27.
  • Norman AW. Vitamin D receptor: new assignments for an already busy receptor. Endocrinology. 2006;147:5542-5548. doi: 10.1210/en.2006-0946.
  • Eken BF, Sercan C, Gezmiş H, et al. D Vitamini Reseptörü rs1544410 polimorfizminin diş çürüğü oluşumuna etkisi. European Journal of Research in Dentistry. 2018;2(1):1-5. doi: 10.12990/MDJ.2018.13.
  • Ulucan K, Akyüz S, Özbay G, Pekiner FN, Güney AI. Evaluation of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms (FokI, TaqI and ApaI) in a family with dentinogenesis ımperfecta. Cytology and Genetics. 2013;47(5):282-286. doi: 10.3103/S0095452713050101.
  • Qin X, Lu Y, Qin A, et al. Vitamin D receptor BsmІ polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk: a meta-analysis. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. 2013;23(7):1178-1183. doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e31829db839.
  • Uitterlinden AG, Fang Y, Bergink AP, van Meurs J, Leeuwen H, Pols H. The role vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in bone biyology. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 2002;197(1-2):15-21. doi: 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00274-5.
  • Valdivielso JM, Fernandez E. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and diseases. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2006;371(1-2):1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.02.016.
  • Larson-Meyer DE, Willis KS. Vitamin D and athletes. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2010;9(4):220-226. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181e7dd45.
  • Sercan C, Yavuzsoy E, Yüksel İ, et al. Sporcu sağlığı ve atletik performansta D vitamini ve reseptörünün önemi. Clinical Experimental Health Sciences. 2015;5(4):259-264. doi: 10.5455/musbed.20150831013319.
  • Takamura O, Ishii T, Ando Y, et al. Potential role of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in determining bone phenotype in young male athletes. J Appl Physiol. 2002;93(6):1973-1979. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00663.2002.
  • Hopkinson N, Li K, Kehoe A, et al. Vitamin D receptor genotypes influence quadriceps strength in obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:385-390. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.2.385.
  • Rabon-Stith KM, Hagberg JM, Phares DA, et al. Vitamin D receptor FokI genotype influences bone mineral density response to strength training, but not aerobic training. Exp Physiol. 2005;90(4):653-661. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2005.030197.
  • Micheli ML, Gulisano M, Morucci G, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and bioelectrical impedance analysis in predicting athletic performances of Italian young soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(8):2084-2091. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31820238aa.
  • Diogenes ME, Bezerra FF, Cabello PH, et al. Vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphisms influence bone mass in adolescent football (soccer) players. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010;108(1):31-38. doi: 10.1007/s00421-009-1191-6.
  • Massidda M, Scorcu M, Calò CM. New genetic model for predicting phenotype traits in sports. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2014;9(3):554-560. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2012-0339.
  • Geusens P, Vandevyver C, Vanhoof J, Cassiman JJ, Boonen S, Raus J. Quadriceps and grip strength are related to vitamin D receptor genotype in elderly nonobese women. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12(12):2082-2088. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.12.2082.
  • Roth SM, Zmuda JM, Cauley JA, Shea PR, Ferrell RE. Vitamin D receptor genotype is associated with fat-free mass and sarcopenia in elderly men. Journal of Gerontology. 2004;59(1):10-15. doi: 10.1093/gerona/59.1.B10.
  • Grundberg E, Brandstrom H, Ribom EL, Ljunggren Ö, Mallmin H, Kindmark A. Genetic variation in the human vitamin D receptor is associated with muscle strength, fat mass and body weight in Swedish women. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2004;150(3):323-328.
  • McClung JP, Karl JP. Vitamin D and stress fracture: the contribution of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism. Nutrition Reviews. 2010;68(6):365-369. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00295.x.
  • Yanovich R, Friedman E, Milgrom R, Oberman B, Freedman L, Moran DS. Candidate gene analysis in Israeli soldiers with stress fractures. Journal of Sports Science and Medience. 2012;11:147-155.
  • Morucci G, Punzi T, Innocenti G, Gulisano M, Ceroti M, Pacini S. New frontiers in sport training: genetics and artistic gymnastics. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2014;28(2):459-466. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31829aad65.

Türk Atletlerde D Vitamini Reseptör Geni Fok1 (rs2228570) ve Bsm1 (rs1544410) Polimorfizmlerinin Analizi

Year 2018, Issue: 6, 561 - 572, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.453412

Abstract

Amaç: D vitamini kasların gelişmesinde,
kasılmasında ve rejenerasyonunda görev alan önemli bir moleküldür. Çalışmamızda
profesyonel Türk atletlerde D vitamin reseptör (VDR) Fok1 (rs 2228570) ve Bsm1
(rs1544410) polimorfizmlerinin dağılımını araştırmayı amaçladık.



Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 13 kadın ve 14 erkek
atlet olmak üzere 27 sporcu katılmıştır. DNA izolasyonları sonrasında D
vitamini reseptörü polimorfizmleri gerçek zamanlı PZR (RT-PCR) metodu ile
saptanmıştır.



Bulgular: Fok1 polimorfizmi açısından atletlerin 12’si CC, 5’i CT ve 10’u ise
TT genotipindedir. Kadın atletlerin 6’sı CC, 2’si CT ve 5’i ise TT genotipinde
bulunmuştur. Erkek atletlerde 6 sporcu CC, 3 sporcu CT ve 5 sporcu ise TT
genotipindedir. Bsm1 polimorfizmi için 9 atlet AA, 14'ü AG, 4’ü ise GG genotipindedir.
Kadın atletlerin 3’ü AA, 8’i AG ve 2’si GG genotipindedir. Erkek atletlerin
6’sı AA, 6’sı AG ve 2’si GG genotipinde saptanmıştır.



Sonuç:
Çalışma grubumuzda Fok1 polimorfizmi
için CC genotipi ve C allelinin, Bsm1 içinde
AG genotipinin ve A allelinin baskın olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın VDR
geninin atletik performansa
etkisinin araştırılması için yapılacak yeni çalışmalar için referans olacağını
düşünmekteyiz.

References

  • Ulucan K, Yalcin S, Akbas B, Konuk M. Analysis of solute carrier family 6 member 4 gene promoter polymorphism in young turkish basketball players. The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences. 2014;1(1):37-40. doi: 10.5455/JNBS.1403730925.
  • Holick MF. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:266-281. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra070553.
  • Sözen T. D hormonu: Güncel gelişmeler. Hacettepe Medical J. 2011;42:14-27.
  • Norman AW. Vitamin D receptor: new assignments for an already busy receptor. Endocrinology. 2006;147:5542-5548. doi: 10.1210/en.2006-0946.
  • Eken BF, Sercan C, Gezmiş H, et al. D Vitamini Reseptörü rs1544410 polimorfizminin diş çürüğü oluşumuna etkisi. European Journal of Research in Dentistry. 2018;2(1):1-5. doi: 10.12990/MDJ.2018.13.
  • Ulucan K, Akyüz S, Özbay G, Pekiner FN, Güney AI. Evaluation of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms (FokI, TaqI and ApaI) in a family with dentinogenesis ımperfecta. Cytology and Genetics. 2013;47(5):282-286. doi: 10.3103/S0095452713050101.
  • Qin X, Lu Y, Qin A, et al. Vitamin D receptor BsmІ polymorphism and ovarian cancer risk: a meta-analysis. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer. 2013;23(7):1178-1183. doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e31829db839.
  • Uitterlinden AG, Fang Y, Bergink AP, van Meurs J, Leeuwen H, Pols H. The role vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in bone biyology. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. 2002;197(1-2):15-21. doi: 10.1016/S0303-7207(02)00274-5.
  • Valdivielso JM, Fernandez E. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and diseases. Clinica Chimica Acta. 2006;371(1-2):1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2006.02.016.
  • Larson-Meyer DE, Willis KS. Vitamin D and athletes. Current Sports Medicine Reports. 2010;9(4):220-226. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181e7dd45.
  • Sercan C, Yavuzsoy E, Yüksel İ, et al. Sporcu sağlığı ve atletik performansta D vitamini ve reseptörünün önemi. Clinical Experimental Health Sciences. 2015;5(4):259-264. doi: 10.5455/musbed.20150831013319.
  • Takamura O, Ishii T, Ando Y, et al. Potential role of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in determining bone phenotype in young male athletes. J Appl Physiol. 2002;93(6):1973-1979. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00663.2002.
  • Hopkinson N, Li K, Kehoe A, et al. Vitamin D receptor genotypes influence quadriceps strength in obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:385-390. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.2.385.
  • Rabon-Stith KM, Hagberg JM, Phares DA, et al. Vitamin D receptor FokI genotype influences bone mineral density response to strength training, but not aerobic training. Exp Physiol. 2005;90(4):653-661. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2005.030197.
  • Micheli ML, Gulisano M, Morucci G, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and bioelectrical impedance analysis in predicting athletic performances of Italian young soccer players. J Strength Cond Res. 2011;25(8):2084-2091. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31820238aa.
  • Diogenes ME, Bezerra FF, Cabello PH, et al. Vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphisms influence bone mass in adolescent football (soccer) players. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2010;108(1):31-38. doi: 10.1007/s00421-009-1191-6.
  • Massidda M, Scorcu M, Calò CM. New genetic model for predicting phenotype traits in sports. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2014;9(3):554-560. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2012-0339.
  • Geusens P, Vandevyver C, Vanhoof J, Cassiman JJ, Boonen S, Raus J. Quadriceps and grip strength are related to vitamin D receptor genotype in elderly nonobese women. J Bone Miner Res. 1997;12(12):2082-2088. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.1997.12.12.2082.
  • Roth SM, Zmuda JM, Cauley JA, Shea PR, Ferrell RE. Vitamin D receptor genotype is associated with fat-free mass and sarcopenia in elderly men. Journal of Gerontology. 2004;59(1):10-15. doi: 10.1093/gerona/59.1.B10.
  • Grundberg E, Brandstrom H, Ribom EL, Ljunggren Ö, Mallmin H, Kindmark A. Genetic variation in the human vitamin D receptor is associated with muscle strength, fat mass and body weight in Swedish women. European Journal of Endocrinology. 2004;150(3):323-328.
  • McClung JP, Karl JP. Vitamin D and stress fracture: the contribution of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism. Nutrition Reviews. 2010;68(6):365-369. doi: 10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00295.x.
  • Yanovich R, Friedman E, Milgrom R, Oberman B, Freedman L, Moran DS. Candidate gene analysis in Israeli soldiers with stress fractures. Journal of Sports Science and Medience. 2012;11:147-155.
  • Morucci G, Punzi T, Innocenti G, Gulisano M, Ceroti M, Pacini S. New frontiers in sport training: genetics and artistic gymnastics. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2014;28(2):459-466. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31829aad65.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Basak Funda Eken This is me 0000-0002-2690-8071

Hazal Gezmiş This is me 0000-0003-3867-2155

Canan Sercan This is me 0000-0002-2218-2234

Sezgin Kapıcı 0000-0002-3999-911X

Özlem Moufti Chouseın This is me 0000-0002-3359-9350

Deniz Kıraç This is me 0000-0002-3599-7344

Serap Akyüz This is me 0000-0002-1358-0150

Korkut Ulucan 0000-0002-1304-9386

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Acceptance Date October 11, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Issue: 6

Cite

JAMA Eken BF, Gezmiş H, Sercan C, Kapıcı S, Chouseın ÖM, Kıraç D, Akyüz S, Ulucan K. Türk Atletlerde D Vitamini Reseptör Geni Fok1 (rs2228570) ve Bsm1 (rs1544410) Polimorfizmlerinin Analizi. IGUSABDER. 2018;:561–572.

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