Abstract
This study, it was aimed to determine the effect of the childbirth perceptions of mothers on fear of birth in their single daughters. This cross-sectional study was conducted via social media (Facebook, Instagram) between 03.01.2022 and 31.01.2022 using a web-based questionnaire. The study was completed with 794 voluntary participants (397 mothers, 397 daughters). While collecting the data, a Personal Information Form, the Childbirth Fear – Prior to Pregnancy Scale (CF-PPS), and the Perception of Traumatic Childbirth Scale (PTCS) were used. When the mean CF-PPS score of the daughters was compared according to the PTCS levels of the mothers, it was found that the difference between the mean CF-PPS scores of the girls according to the PTCS levels of the mothers was statistically significant (p <0.05). It was determined that the mean scores of mothers aged 45 years and younger were higher than those aged 46 and over, mothers with the highest PTCS mean score were those with a history of abortion, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). In addition, in the correlation analysis, it was determined that as the PTCS score of the mothers increased, the scores of their daughters increased in the CF-PPS, and there was a positive and weak significant relationship between PTCS and CF-PPS. It is thought that the PTCS levels of the mothers during their pregnancy have a positive relationship with the fear of childbirth in single daughters, therefore it has an effective role in transferring the fear of childbirth from mothers to their daughters.
References
- Aktaş, S. (2018). Multigravidas’ perceptions of traumatic childbirth: Its relation to some factors, the effect of previous type of birth and experience. Medicine Sience, 7(1), 203-209.
- Aydın, N. &Yıldız, H. (2018). Travmatik doğum deneyiminin etkileri ve nesiller arası aktarımı. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(1), 604-618.
- Bakshi, R., Mehta, A., Mehta, A. & Sharma, B. (2008). Tokophobia: fear of pregnancy and childbirth. The Internet Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 10(1), 9.
- Finch, C. E. & Loehlin, J. C. (1998). Environmental influences that may precede fertilization: A first examination of the prezygotic hypothesis from maternal age influences on twins. Behavior Genetics, 28(2), 101-106.
- Ford, E. & Ayers, S. (2011). Support during birth interacts with prior trauma and birth intervention to predict postnatal post-traumatic stress symptoms. Psychology & Health, 26(12), 1553-1570.
- Ghanbari-Homayi, S., Fardiazar, Z., Meedya, S., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., Mohammadi, E. & Mirghafourvand, M. (2019). Predictors of traumatic birth experience among a group of Iranian primipara women: a cross sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(1), 1-9.
- Gökçe İsbir, G. & İnci, F. (2016). Travmatik doğum ve hemşirelik yaklaşımları. KASHED, 1(1), 29-40.
- Henriksen, L., Grimsrud, E., Schei, B., Lukasse, M. & Bidens Study Group. (2017). Factors related to a negative birth experience–a mixed methods study. Midwifery, 51, 33-39.
- Kjærgaard, H., Wijma, K., Dykes, A‐K. & Alehagen, S. (2008). Fear of childbirth in obstetrically low‐risk nulliparous women in Sweden and Denmark. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 26, 340-50.
- Laber-Warren, E. (2009). A Fateful First Act-Scientists are discovering that in-utero events can have lifelong effects. Why our earliest home could be the most important one. Psychology Today, 42(3), 82.
- Modarres, M., Afrasiabi, S., Rahnama, P. & Montazeri A. (2012). Prevalence and risk factors of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress symptoms. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 12, 88.
- O'Connell, M. A., O'Neill, S. M., Dempsey, E., Khashan, A. S., Leahy‐Warren, P., Smyth, R. M. & Kenny, L. C. (2019). Interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019(5).
- Olde, E., Van Der Hart, O., Kleber, R. & Van Son M. (2006). Posttraumatic stress following childbirth: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 1–16.
- Sack, D. (2014). When emotional trauma ıs a family affair, where science meets the steps (blog). Psychology Today, 5, 2014.
- Simkin, P. (1992). Just another day in a woman's life? Part II: Nature and consistency of women's long-term memories of their first birth experiences. Birth, 19, 64.
- Simkin, P. (1996). The experience of maternity in a woman's life. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 25, 247.
- Stoll, K., Hauck, Y., Downe, S., Edmonds, J., Gross, M. M., Malott, A., ...Hall, W. A. (2016). Cross-cultural development and psychometric evaluation of a measure to assess fear of childbirth prior to pregnancy. Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare, 8, 49-54.
- Şahin, M. (2020). Gebelerde travmatik doğum algısı ve anne bağlanması ilişkisi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Ordu Üniversitesi, Ordu.
- Taheri, M., Takian, A., Taghizadeh, Z., Jafari, N. & Sarafraz, N. (2018). Creating a positive perception of childbirth experience: systematic review and meta-analysis of prenatal and intrapartum interventions. Reproductive health, 15(1), 1-13.
- Uçar, T. & Taşhan, S. (2018). The Turkish version of the childbirth fear – prior to pregnancy scale: the validity and reliability study in men and women. Acıbadem University Health Sciences Journal. 9, 289-296.
- Yalnız, H., Canan, F., Genç, R. E., Kuloğlu, M. A. & Geçici, Ö. (2016). Development of a scale of traumatic childbirth perception. Turk Med J, 8(3), 81-88.
- Yılmaz, B., Sel, İ. & Şahin, N. H. (2021). Kadınların kişilik özelliklerinin travmatik doğum algısına etkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 14(4), 423-432.
- Yalnız Dilcen, H. & Ekti Genç, R. (2019). Travmatik doğumun önlenmesinde ebenin rolü. Life Sciences, 14(3), 64-73.
Abstract
Araştırmada annelerdeki doğum algısının bekâr kızlardaki doğum korkusuna etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel nitelikte tasarlanan bu araştırma sosyal medya aracılığıyla (Facebook, İnstagram) 03.01.2022 - 31.01.2022 tarihleri arasında web tabanlı bir çevrimiçi anket formu kullanılarak yürütüldü. Çalışma 794 (397 anne, 397 kız) gönüllü katılımcı ile tamamlandı. Veriler toplanırken Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Gebelik Öncesi Doğum Korkusu Ölçeği (GÖDKÖ) ve Travmatik Doğum Algısı Ölçeği (TDAÖ) kullanıldı. Annelerin TDAÖ düzeylerine göre kızlarının GÖDKÖ puan ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında annelerin TDAÖ düzeylerine göre kızların GÖDKÖ puan ortalamaları arasındaki farkın istatistiksel açıdan önemli olduğu bulundu (p <0.05). 45 yaş ve altında yer alan annelerin TDAÖ’den aldıkları puan ortalamalarının 46 yaş ve üzerindekilere göre daha yüksek olduğu, aynı zamanda en yüksek TDAÖ puan ortalamasına sahip olan annelerin küretaj öyküsü olanlardan oluştuğu ve gruplar arasındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Ayrıca yapılan korelasyon analizinde annelerin TDAÖ puanı arttıkça kızlarının da GÖDKÖ’den aldıkları puanın arttığı, TDAÖ ile GÖDKÖ arasında zayıf düzeyde, pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişki olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Annelerin gebelik dönemlerine ait TDAÖ düzeylerinin bekâr kızlarındaki doğum korkusu ile aralarında pozitif yönde ilişki olduğu bu nedenle doğum korkularının annelerden kızlarına aktarılmasında etkili role sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Keywords
References
- Aktaş, S. (2018). Multigravidas’ perceptions of traumatic childbirth: Its relation to some factors, the effect of previous type of birth and experience. Medicine Sience, 7(1), 203-209.
- Aydın, N. &Yıldız, H. (2018). Travmatik doğum deneyiminin etkileri ve nesiller arası aktarımı. Journal of Human Sciences, 15(1), 604-618.
- Bakshi, R., Mehta, A., Mehta, A. & Sharma, B. (2008). Tokophobia: fear of pregnancy and childbirth. The Internet Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 10(1), 9.
- Finch, C. E. & Loehlin, J. C. (1998). Environmental influences that may precede fertilization: A first examination of the prezygotic hypothesis from maternal age influences on twins. Behavior Genetics, 28(2), 101-106.
- Ford, E. & Ayers, S. (2011). Support during birth interacts with prior trauma and birth intervention to predict postnatal post-traumatic stress symptoms. Psychology & Health, 26(12), 1553-1570.
- Ghanbari-Homayi, S., Fardiazar, Z., Meedya, S., Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, S., Asghari-Jafarabadi, M., Mohammadi, E. & Mirghafourvand, M. (2019). Predictors of traumatic birth experience among a group of Iranian primipara women: a cross sectional study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(1), 1-9.
- Gökçe İsbir, G. & İnci, F. (2016). Travmatik doğum ve hemşirelik yaklaşımları. KASHED, 1(1), 29-40.
- Henriksen, L., Grimsrud, E., Schei, B., Lukasse, M. & Bidens Study Group. (2017). Factors related to a negative birth experience–a mixed methods study. Midwifery, 51, 33-39.
- Kjærgaard, H., Wijma, K., Dykes, A‐K. & Alehagen, S. (2008). Fear of childbirth in obstetrically low‐risk nulliparous women in Sweden and Denmark. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 26, 340-50.
- Laber-Warren, E. (2009). A Fateful First Act-Scientists are discovering that in-utero events can have lifelong effects. Why our earliest home could be the most important one. Psychology Today, 42(3), 82.
- Modarres, M., Afrasiabi, S., Rahnama, P. & Montazeri A. (2012). Prevalence and risk factors of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress symptoms. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 12, 88.
- O'Connell, M. A., O'Neill, S. M., Dempsey, E., Khashan, A. S., Leahy‐Warren, P., Smyth, R. M. & Kenny, L. C. (2019). Interventions for fear of childbirth (tocophobia). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2019(5).
- Olde, E., Van Der Hart, O., Kleber, R. & Van Son M. (2006). Posttraumatic stress following childbirth: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 1–16.
- Sack, D. (2014). When emotional trauma ıs a family affair, where science meets the steps (blog). Psychology Today, 5, 2014.
- Simkin, P. (1992). Just another day in a woman's life? Part II: Nature and consistency of women's long-term memories of their first birth experiences. Birth, 19, 64.
- Simkin, P. (1996). The experience of maternity in a woman's life. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs, 25, 247.
- Stoll, K., Hauck, Y., Downe, S., Edmonds, J., Gross, M. M., Malott, A., ...Hall, W. A. (2016). Cross-cultural development and psychometric evaluation of a measure to assess fear of childbirth prior to pregnancy. Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare, 8, 49-54.
- Şahin, M. (2020). Gebelerde travmatik doğum algısı ve anne bağlanması ilişkisi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Ordu Üniversitesi, Ordu.
- Taheri, M., Takian, A., Taghizadeh, Z., Jafari, N. & Sarafraz, N. (2018). Creating a positive perception of childbirth experience: systematic review and meta-analysis of prenatal and intrapartum interventions. Reproductive health, 15(1), 1-13.
- Uçar, T. & Taşhan, S. (2018). The Turkish version of the childbirth fear – prior to pregnancy scale: the validity and reliability study in men and women. Acıbadem University Health Sciences Journal. 9, 289-296.
- Yalnız, H., Canan, F., Genç, R. E., Kuloğlu, M. A. & Geçici, Ö. (2016). Development of a scale of traumatic childbirth perception. Turk Med J, 8(3), 81-88.
- Yılmaz, B., Sel, İ. & Şahin, N. H. (2021). Kadınların kişilik özelliklerinin travmatik doğum algısına etkisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 14(4), 423-432.
- Yalnız Dilcen, H. & Ekti Genç, R. (2019). Travmatik doğumun önlenmesinde ebenin rolü. Life Sciences, 14(3), 64-73.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Clinical Sciences |
| Journal Section | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 17, 2023 |
| Submission Date | August 4, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | November 17, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 |
