Research Article
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The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 65 - 74, 31.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1266226

Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate health technician students’ behaviors regarding the use of tobacco and tobacco products and levels of tobacco dependence and to reveal the effects of socioeconomic and environmental factors on the use of these products.
Materials and methods: The study consisted of 1118 first- and second-year students from Dokuz Eylül University Vocational School of Health Services in the 2021-2022 academic year. These students were applied a questionnaire that was developed to determine their sociodemographic, individual, family characteristics, habits, and opinions on tobacco use and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND).
Results: It was determined that 34.5% of the students used tobacco products, 14.0% smoked water pipe (WTS), 3.0% used electronic cigarettes (EC), and that the average age of starting smoking was 15.6±2.4 years. Of the students, 18.1% stated that they wanted to quit smoking and 1.9% had received professional help to quit smoking. It was found that 64.5% did not want tobacco product advertisements to be banned and that 61.9% did not want a smoking ban in public/indoor areas. According to 64.0% of the students, university education had no effect on tobacco use. The mean score of smokers on the FTND was 3.43±2.20, and 3.9% of them had a high level of dependence. It was determined that a low level of tobacco addiction was more prevalent in students whose mothers had low education and who lived with their parents (p<0.05). However, a high level of tobacco addiction was found to be more prevalent in those who started smoking at the age of ≤16 (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Our research indicated the factors that affected the health technician students' behaviors of tobacco and tobacco product use, level of tobacco dependence, and desire to quit smoking. It was also found that the age of starting smoking, maternal education level, and family unity played a role in students' smoking behavior.

Project Number

Yoktur

References

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  • Nketiah-Amponsah E, Afful-Mensah G, Ampaw S. Determinants of cigarette smoking and smoking intensity among adult males in Ghana. BMC Public Health 2018;18(1):1-10.
  • Murray CJ, Aravkin AY, Zheng P, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi-Kangevari M, et al. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet 2020;396(10258):1223-1249.
  • Öncel SY, Gebizoğlu ÖL, Alioğlu FA. Risk factors for smoking behavior among university students. Turk J Med Sci 2011;41(6):1071-1080.
  • WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2019. Country Profile Turkey. Accessed May 14, 2021, at https://www.who.int/tobacco/ surveillance/policy/country_profile/tur.pdf?.
  • Elbek O, Kılınç O, Salepci B, Çetinkaya PD, Arpaz S, Görek A et al. Tobacco Control in Turkey in the Light of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Turk Thorac J 2021;22(1):90-92.
  • World Health Organization. WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2025, third edition. Geneva: World Health Organization. file:///C:/Users/aylaa/Downloads/9789240000032-eng.pdf Accessed date: 04.03.2021.
  • Karadoğan D, Önal Ö, Kanbay Y. Prevalence and determinants of smoking status among university students: Artvin Çoruh University sample. PloS One. 2018;13(12):e0200671.
  • Khajehdaluee M, Zavar A, Alidoust M, Pourandi R. Smoking among high school students of an area with medium socioeconomic status. J Pak Med Assoc 2014;64(3):291-295.
  • Chirtkiatsakul B, Janic R, Hairid FM, Taliba MA. Tobacco use and associated factors among university students in Thailand. J Substance Use 2022;27(4):369–375.
  • Doku D, Koivusilta L, Raisamo S, Rimpela A. Do socioeconomic differences in tobacco use exist also in developing countries? A study of Ghanaian adolescents. BMC Public Health 2010;10(758):1-10
  • Kaai SC, Leatherdale ST, Manske SR, Brown KS. Using student and school factors to differentiate adolescent current smokers from experimental smokers in Canada: a multilevel analysis. Prev Med 2013;57(2):113-119.
  • Agu CF, Weaver S, Abel WD, Rae T, Oshi SN, Whitehorne-Smith P, et al. Are Adolescents likely to Start Smoking Early if Their Parents are Smokers? A Study of Jamaican High School Students. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018 23;19(S1):25-31.
  • Villanti AC, Niaura RS, Abrams D, Mermelstein R. Preventing Smoking Progression in Young Adults: the Concept of Prevescalation. Prev Sci 2019;20(3):377–384.
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  • Erdogan N, Erdogan I. Smoking at school: views of Turkish university students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2009;6(1):36-50.
  • Chang FC, Lee CM, Lai HR, Chiang JT, Lee PH, Chen WJ. Social influences and self-efficacy as predictors of youth smoking initiation and cessation: a 3-year longitudinal study of vocational high school students in Taiwan. Addiction Addiction 2006;101(11):1645-1655.
  • Fagerstrom KO, Schneider NG. Measuring nicotine dependence a review of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. J Behav Med 1989; 12(2):159-182.
  • Uysal MA, Kadakal F, Karşıdağ Ç, Bayram NG, Uysal Ö, Yılmaz V. Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence: reliability in a Turkish sample and factor analysis. Tuberk Toraks 2004;52(2):115-120.
  • Oktay E, Çelik AK, Akbaba Aİ. Examining Demographic Factors Related to Cigarette Smoking among Undergraduate Students at a Turkish University. Int J Higher Educati 2013; 2(2):175-183.
  • Sharapova S, Reyes-Guzman C, Singh T, Phillips E, Marynak KL, Agaku, I. Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016. Tobbaco Control 2020;29(1):49–54.
  • Labib N, Radwan G, Mikhail N, Mohamed MK, Setouhy ME, Loffredo C, et al. Comparison of cigarette and water pipe smoking among female university students in Egypt. Nicotine Tob Res 2007;9(5):591–596.
  • Abughosh S, Wu IH, Peters RJ, Hawari F, Essien EJ. Ethnicity and waterpipe smoking among US students. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012;16(11):1551–1557.
  • Jawad M, Abass J, Hariri A, Rajasooriar KG, Salmasi H, Millett C, et al. Waterpipe smoking: prevalence and attitudes among medical students in London [short communication]. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013;17(1):137–140.
  • Wang L, Chen J, Ho SH, Leung LT, Wang MP, Lam TH. Exposure to e-cigarette advertising, attitudes, and use susceptibility in adolescents who had never used e-cigarettes or cigarettes. BMC Public Health 2020;20(1):1349.
  • Zhu J, Li J, Xu G, Yu J, Wang Q, He Y. School-type differences in e-cigarette use and its correlates among Chinese adolescents. Tob Induc Dis 2020;18(1):1-9.
  • Phetphum C, Prajongjeep A, Thawatchaijareonying K, Wongwuttiyan T, Wongjamnong, M, Yossuwan S, et al. Personal and perceptual factors associated with the use of electronic cigarettes among university students in northern Thailand. Tob. Induc. Dis 2021;19(2):1-8.
  • Aho H, Koivisto AM, Paavilainen E, Joronen K. The relationship between peer relations, self-rated health and smoking behaviour in secondary vocational schools. Nurs Open 2019;6(3):754–764.
  • Giedd JN, Blumenthal J, Jeffries NO, Castellanos FX, Liu H, Zijdenbos A, et al. Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study. Nat Neurosci 1999;2(10):861-3.
  • Schramm NL, Egli RE, Winder DG. LTP in the mouse nucleus accumbens is developmentally regulated. Synapse 2002;45(4):213–219.
  • Sowell ER, Peterson BS, Thompson PM, Welcome SE, Henkenius AL, Toga AW. Mapping cortical change across the human life span. Nat Neurosci 2003;6(1):309–315.

The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products

Year 2024, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 65 - 74, 31.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1266226

Abstract

Supporting Institution

Yoktur

Project Number

Yoktur

References

  • Hamzeh B, Farnia V, Moradinazar M, Pasdar Y, Shakiba E, Najafi F, et al. Pattern of cigarette smoking: intensity, cessation, and age of beginning: evidence from a cohort study in West of Iran. Subst Abuse Treat Prevent Policy. 2020;15(1):1-9.
  • Nketiah-Amponsah E, Afful-Mensah G, Ampaw S. Determinants of cigarette smoking and smoking intensity among adult males in Ghana. BMC Public Health 2018;18(1):1-10.
  • Murray CJ, Aravkin AY, Zheng P, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi-Kangevari M, et al. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet 2020;396(10258):1223-1249.
  • Öncel SY, Gebizoğlu ÖL, Alioğlu FA. Risk factors for smoking behavior among university students. Turk J Med Sci 2011;41(6):1071-1080.
  • WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2019. Country Profile Turkey. Accessed May 14, 2021, at https://www.who.int/tobacco/ surveillance/policy/country_profile/tur.pdf?.
  • Elbek O, Kılınç O, Salepci B, Çetinkaya PD, Arpaz S, Görek A et al. Tobacco Control in Turkey in the Light of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. Turk Thorac J 2021;22(1):90-92.
  • World Health Organization. WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2025, third edition. Geneva: World Health Organization. file:///C:/Users/aylaa/Downloads/9789240000032-eng.pdf Accessed date: 04.03.2021.
  • Karadoğan D, Önal Ö, Kanbay Y. Prevalence and determinants of smoking status among university students: Artvin Çoruh University sample. PloS One. 2018;13(12):e0200671.
  • Khajehdaluee M, Zavar A, Alidoust M, Pourandi R. Smoking among high school students of an area with medium socioeconomic status. J Pak Med Assoc 2014;64(3):291-295.
  • Chirtkiatsakul B, Janic R, Hairid FM, Taliba MA. Tobacco use and associated factors among university students in Thailand. J Substance Use 2022;27(4):369–375.
  • Doku D, Koivusilta L, Raisamo S, Rimpela A. Do socioeconomic differences in tobacco use exist also in developing countries? A study of Ghanaian adolescents. BMC Public Health 2010;10(758):1-10
  • Kaai SC, Leatherdale ST, Manske SR, Brown KS. Using student and school factors to differentiate adolescent current smokers from experimental smokers in Canada: a multilevel analysis. Prev Med 2013;57(2):113-119.
  • Agu CF, Weaver S, Abel WD, Rae T, Oshi SN, Whitehorne-Smith P, et al. Are Adolescents likely to Start Smoking Early if Their Parents are Smokers? A Study of Jamaican High School Students. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018 23;19(S1):25-31.
  • Villanti AC, Niaura RS, Abrams D, Mermelstein R. Preventing Smoking Progression in Young Adults: the Concept of Prevescalation. Prev Sci 2019;20(3):377–384.
  • Celikel FC, Celikel S, Erkorkmaz U. Smoking determinants in Turkish university students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 375 2009;6(8):2248–2257.
  • Erdogan N, Erdogan I. Smoking at school: views of Turkish university students. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2009;6(1):36-50.
  • Chang FC, Lee CM, Lai HR, Chiang JT, Lee PH, Chen WJ. Social influences and self-efficacy as predictors of youth smoking initiation and cessation: a 3-year longitudinal study of vocational high school students in Taiwan. Addiction Addiction 2006;101(11):1645-1655.
  • Fagerstrom KO, Schneider NG. Measuring nicotine dependence a review of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. J Behav Med 1989; 12(2):159-182.
  • Uysal MA, Kadakal F, Karşıdağ Ç, Bayram NG, Uysal Ö, Yılmaz V. Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence: reliability in a Turkish sample and factor analysis. Tuberk Toraks 2004;52(2):115-120.
  • Oktay E, Çelik AK, Akbaba Aİ. Examining Demographic Factors Related to Cigarette Smoking among Undergraduate Students at a Turkish University. Int J Higher Educati 2013; 2(2):175-183.
  • Sharapova S, Reyes-Guzman C, Singh T, Phillips E, Marynak KL, Agaku, I. Age of tobacco use initiation and association with current use and nicotine dependence among US middle and high school students, 2014–2016. Tobbaco Control 2020;29(1):49–54.
  • Labib N, Radwan G, Mikhail N, Mohamed MK, Setouhy ME, Loffredo C, et al. Comparison of cigarette and water pipe smoking among female university students in Egypt. Nicotine Tob Res 2007;9(5):591–596.
  • Abughosh S, Wu IH, Peters RJ, Hawari F, Essien EJ. Ethnicity and waterpipe smoking among US students. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012;16(11):1551–1557.
  • Jawad M, Abass J, Hariri A, Rajasooriar KG, Salmasi H, Millett C, et al. Waterpipe smoking: prevalence and attitudes among medical students in London [short communication]. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013;17(1):137–140.
  • Wang L, Chen J, Ho SH, Leung LT, Wang MP, Lam TH. Exposure to e-cigarette advertising, attitudes, and use susceptibility in adolescents who had never used e-cigarettes or cigarettes. BMC Public Health 2020;20(1):1349.
  • Zhu J, Li J, Xu G, Yu J, Wang Q, He Y. School-type differences in e-cigarette use and its correlates among Chinese adolescents. Tob Induc Dis 2020;18(1):1-9.
  • Phetphum C, Prajongjeep A, Thawatchaijareonying K, Wongwuttiyan T, Wongjamnong, M, Yossuwan S, et al. Personal and perceptual factors associated with the use of electronic cigarettes among university students in northern Thailand. Tob. Induc. Dis 2021;19(2):1-8.
  • Aho H, Koivisto AM, Paavilainen E, Joronen K. The relationship between peer relations, self-rated health and smoking behaviour in secondary vocational schools. Nurs Open 2019;6(3):754–764.
  • Giedd JN, Blumenthal J, Jeffries NO, Castellanos FX, Liu H, Zijdenbos A, et al. Brain development during childhood and adolescence: a longitudinal MRI study. Nat Neurosci 1999;2(10):861-3.
  • Schramm NL, Egli RE, Winder DG. LTP in the mouse nucleus accumbens is developmentally regulated. Synapse 2002;45(4):213–219.
  • Sowell ER, Peterson BS, Thompson PM, Welcome SE, Henkenius AL, Toga AW. Mapping cortical change across the human life span. Nat Neurosci 2003;6(1):309–315.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gülser Kılınç 0000-0002-7422-0482

Ayla Açıkgöz 0000-0001-7749-705X

Oğuz Kılınç 0000-0001-8923-4476

Neslihan Toyran 0000-0001-6253-361X

Project Number Yoktur
Early Pub Date January 31, 2024
Publication Date January 31, 2024
Submission Date March 17, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Kılınç, G., Açıkgöz, A., Kılınç, O., Toyran, N. (2024). The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, 8(1), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1266226
AMA Kılınç G, Açıkgöz A, Kılınç O, Toyran N. The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products. JBACHS. January 2024;8(1):65-74. doi:10.30621/jbachs.1266226
Chicago Kılınç, Gülser, Ayla Açıkgöz, Oğuz Kılınç, and Neslihan Toyran. “The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 8, no. 1 (January 2024): 65-74. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1266226.
EndNote Kılınç G, Açıkgöz A, Kılınç O, Toyran N (January 1, 2024) The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 8 1 65–74.
IEEE G. Kılınç, A. Açıkgöz, O. Kılınç, and N. Toyran, “The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products”, JBACHS, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 65–74, 2024, doi: 10.30621/jbachs.1266226.
ISNAD Kılınç, Gülser et al. “The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 8/1 (January 2024), 65-74. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.1266226.
JAMA Kılınç G, Açıkgöz A, Kılınç O, Toyran N. The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products. JBACHS. 2024;8:65–74.
MLA Kılınç, Gülser et al. “The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, vol. 8, no. 1, 2024, pp. 65-74, doi:10.30621/jbachs.1266226.
Vancouver Kılınç G, Açıkgöz A, Kılınç O, Toyran N. The Effect of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Factors on Health Technician Students’ Use of Tobacco Products. JBACHS. 2024;8(1):65-74.