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The Effect of A Weight-Loss Diet in Women Doing Reformer Pilates: A 12-Week Evaluation

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 19 - 26, 15.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1004825

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to define the effect of a weight-loss diet on body composition in women doing reformer pilates for 12 weeks. It compares dietary habits in subject groups with and without a weight-loss diet and macro and micronutrient intakes at the beginning and end of the study.
Method: A total of 49 women (≥18 age) were randomly allocated to either a control (CG: reformer pilates; n=23) or a study (SG: reformer pilates+weight-loss diet; n=26) group. In both groups, subjects did pilates for 45 minutes a day three times a week for a total of 12 weeks. Their body weight (kg), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference (cm), neck circumference (cm), mid-upper arm circumference (cm), body composition, waist/height ratio, and body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) were evaluated at the beginning and the third month of the study. Dietary habits of all subjects were questioned, their 24-hour retrospective food consumption was taken, and their physical activity levels were evaluated through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short Form).
Results: The use of vitamin and mineral supplements in SG was lower than CG (p=0.003). The twelve-week evaluation showed a significantly higher increase in dietary protein and calcium levels in SG than CG (p<0.05). In SG, a significantly higher decrease was determined in body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist/height ratio, and a higher increase in Basal Metabolic Rate, body muscle, and body water, compared to CG (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Pilates combined with a weight-loss diet has more positive effects on body composition than pilates alone. Providing dietary training and counseling for women who practice reformer pilates will increase the health benefits of exercise.

References

  • 1. Aladro-Gonzalvo AR, Machado-Díaz M, Moncada-Jiménez J, Hernández-Elizondo J, Araya-Vargas G. The effect of pilates exercises on body composition: a systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2012;16(1):109-114.
  • 2. Şavkin R, Aslan UB. The effect of pilates exercise on body composition in sedentary overweight and obese women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(11):1464-1470.
  • 3. Rayes ABR, de Lira CAB, Viana RB, Benedito-Silva AA, Vancini RL, Mascarin N, et al. The effects of pilates vs. aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness, isokinetic muscular strength, body composition, and functional tasks outcomes for individuals who are overweight/obese: a clinical trial. PeerJ, 2019;7:e6022.
  • 4. Roller M, Kachingwe A, Beling J, Ickes DM, Cabot A, Shrier G. Pilates reformer exercises for fall risk reduction in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018;22(4):983-998.
  • 5. Aka H, İbiş S, Arıcı R. Kadınlara uygulanan 8 haftalık reformer pilates egzersizlerinin vücut kompozisyonuna ve bazı fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerine etkisi. GUSBD. 2020;5(4):573-589.
  • 6. Pekel HA, Aydos L, Uzun A, Bozoğlu MS, Demirel M. The effect of zumba and reformer exercises on female body composition. IJOEEC. 2020;5(11):2316-2339.
  • 7. Kaya M, Paktaş Y, Topçu İ, Karabacak E. Pilates reformer egzersizlerinin sedanter kadınlarda vücut ağırlığı, kas çevresi ve esneklik düzeylerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Sivas Cumhuriyet Univ Sports Sci J. 2020 [cited 2021 Mar 15]; 1(3):130-139. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cussj/issue/60106/854245
  • 8. Vassilopoulou E, Piperari G, Christoforou C. Is Zumba® fitness effective to manage overweight without dietary intervention?. AJNE. 2016;1(3):113-121.
  • 9. Aragon AA, Schoenfeld BJ, Wildman R, Kleiner S, VanDusseldorp T, Taylor L, et al. International society of sports nutrition position stand: diets and body composition. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;14(1):16.
  • 10. Fourie M, Gildenhuys GM, Shaw I, Shaw BS, Toriola AL, Goon DT. Effects of a mat pilates programme on body composition in elderly women. West Indian Med J. 2013;62(6):524-8.
  • 11. IPAQ-SF Research Committee. Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF)-short and long forms. 2005 [cited 2021 Mar 15] Available from: http://www. IPAQ-SF. ki. se/scoring. pdf.
  • 12. BEBİS Programı, B. B. S. P. Ebispro for Windows, Stutgart, Germany; Turkish version BEBİS; Data Bases: Bundeslebenmittelschlüssell, 11.3 and other sorces.18
  • 13. Schoufour JD, de Jonge EA, Kiefte-de Jong JC, van Lenthe FJ, Hofman A, Nunn SP, et al. Socio-economic indicators and diet quality in an older population. Maturitas. 2018;107:71-7.
  • 14. Macías R, Garrido-Muñoz M, Tejero-González CM, Lucia A, López-Adán E, Rodríguez-Romo G. Prevalence of leisure-time sedentary behaviour and sociodemographic correlates: a cross-sectional study in Spanish adults. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):972.
  • 15. Farrell L, Hollingsworth B, Propper C, Shields MA. The socioeconomics gradient in physical inactivity: Evidence from one million adults in England. Soc Sci Med. 2014;123:55-63.
  • 16. Del Duca GF, Nahas MV, Garcia LMT, Mota J, Hallal PC, Peres MA. Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of all domains of physical activity in Brazilian adults. Prev Med Rep. 2013;56(2):99-102.
  • 17. Beenackers MA, Kamphuis CB, Giskes K, Brug J, Kunst AE, Burdorf A, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in occupational, leisure-time, and transport related physical activity among European adults: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9(1):1-23.
  • 18. Basoglu UD. Exercise Addiction: A Comparison between the Individuals Who Exercise for Physical Recreation and Who Receive Personal Exercise Training. Journal of Education and Training Studies. 2018;6(12):21-5.
  • 19. de Souza Ferraz V, Cruz ADFC, Ferreira MAM, Burke TN, de Oliveira Junior SA, Christofoletti G, et al. Efeito do Método Pilates sobre a Função Sexual, a Força da Musculatura do Assoalho Pélvico e a Qualidade de Vida em Mulheres Sobreviventes do Câncer de Mama. Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia. 2020;66(2).
  • 20. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(24):1451-1462.
  • 21. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Türkiye beslenme ve sağlık araştırması 2019. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Publication Number: 1132, Ankara, 2019 [cited 2021 Apr 9]; Available from: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/saglikli-beslenme-hareketli-hayat-db/Yayinlar/kitaplar/TBSA_RAPOR_KITAP_20.08.pdf
  • 22. Paoli A, Tinsley G, Bianco A, Moro T. The influence of meal frequency and timing on health in humans: the role of fasting. Nutrients. 2019;11(4):719.
  • 23. Peker A, Yağmur C. Yetişkin şişman kadınlarda zayıflama diyeti ve egzersiz uygulamasının vücut ağırlık kaybı ile vücut bileşimi ve antropometrik ölçümler üzerine etkisi. Ç.Ü. Müh. Mim. Fak. Dergisi. 2018 [cited 2021 Apr 9]; 35(6):81-90. Available from: https://fbe.cu.edu.tr/storage/fbeyedek/makaleler/2017/YET%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0N%20%C5%9E%C4%B0%C5%9EMAN%20KADINLARDA.pdf
  • 24. Zhixian JM, Zhang M, Sui Z, Rangan AM. Water consumption among Australian population: Results from 2011–12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2019;13(1):112-113.
  • 25. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Türkiye beslenme rehberi 2015 (TÜBER). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Müdürlüğü Publication Number: 1031, Ankara, 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 9] Available from: https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/10915,tuber-turkiye-beslenme-rehberipdf.pdf
  • 26. Nişancı Kılınç F, Çakır B, Durmaz SE. Spor yapan adölesanlar optimal düzeyde besleniyor mu? Obezite durumları ve Akdeniz Diyeti’ne uyum düzeyleri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2020;12(1):49-57.
  • 27. Özdoğan Y, Karataş E, Uçar A. Vücut geliştirme sporu yapan erkeklerin beslenme alışkanlıkları ve ergojenik besin destekleri kullanma durumları. AUHSJ. 2018;9(4):378-384.
  • 28. Lacerda FMM, Carvalho WRG, Hortegal EV, Cabral NAL, Veloso HJF. Factors associated with dietary supplement use by people who exercise at gyms. Rev Saude Publica. 2015;49:63.
  • 29. Ranasinghe C, Shettigar PG, Garg M. Dietary intake, physical activity and body mass index among postmenopausal women. J Midlife Health. 2017;8(4):163.
  • 30. Kashyap A, Chhabra P. Assessment of nutritional ıntake and nutritional knowledge of rural post-menopausal women. IJSHR. 2019 [cited 2021 Jan 9]; 4(3):68-73. Available from: https://ijshr.com/IJSHR_Vol.4_Issue.3_July2019/IJSHR0012.pdf
  • 31. Castro EA, Carraça EV, Cupeiro R, López-Plaza B, Teixeira PJ, González-Lamuño D, et al. The effects of the type of exercise and physical activity on eating behavior and body composition in overweight and obese subjects. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):557.
  • 32. Cakmakçi O. The effect of 8 week plates exercise on body composition in obese women. Coll Antropol. 2011 [cited 2021 Jan 10]; 35(4):1045-1050. Available from: https://hrcak.srce.hr/75605
  • 33. Aibar-Almazán A, Martínez-Amat A, Cruz-Díaz D, Jiménez-García J, Zagalaz-Anula N, Redecillas-Peiró M, et al. The Influence of Pilates Exercises on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Gait Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2020.

Aletli Pilates Yapan Kadınlara Uygulanan Zayıflama Diyetinin Etkisi: 12 Haftalık Değerlendirme

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 19 - 26, 15.01.2022
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1004825

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada 12 haftalık sürede kadınlarda aletli pilatesin vücut kompozisyonuna tek başına veya zayıflama diyeti ile birlikte etkisinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın diğer amacı ise zayıflama diyeti yapan ve yapmayan grupların beslenme alışkanlıkları ve çalışmanın başlangıcı ve sonundaki makro ve mikro besin ögesi alımlarını karşılaştırmaktır.
Materyal ve Metod: Kadınlar (≥18, n=49), kontrol (CG: Reformer pilates, n=23) ya da çalışma (SG: Reformer pilates+Zayıflama diyeti, n=23) grubu olarak rastgele iki gruba ayrılmıştır. Katılımcılar, 12 hafta boyunca günde 45 dakika olmak üzere haftada üç kez pilates yapmıştır. Vücut ağırlığı (kg), bel çevresi (cm), kalça çevresi (cm), boyun çevresi (cm), üst orta kol çevresi (cm), vücut kompozisyonu, bel/boy oranı ve beden kütle indeksi (BMI; kg/m2) çalışmanın başlangıcında ve üçüncü ayda değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm katılımcıların beslenme alışkanlıkları ve 24 saatlik geriye yönelik besin tüketim kayıtları sorgulanmış ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (Kısa Form) (IPAQ) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışma grubunda vitamin ve mineral desteği kullanımının kontrol grubundan daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır (p=0.003). On iki haftalık değerlendirme sonucunda, SG’de CG’ye göre diyetle alınan protein ve kalsiyum düzeyinin anlamlı olarak daha fazla arttığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). SG’de, CG’ye göre vücut ağırlığı, BMI, bel çevresi, kalça çevresi, bel/boy oranının anlamlı olarak daha fazla azaldığı; bazal metabolizma hızı, vücut kas oranının ve vücut su oranının daha fazla arttığı gözlenmiştir (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Pilates ile birlikte zayıflama diyetinin, tek başına pilates uygulamasına göre vücut kompozisyonu üzerine daha fazla olumlu etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aletli pilates yapan kadınlara beslenme eğitimi ve danışmanlığı verilerek uygulanan egzersizden sağlanacak sağlık yararlarının artırılabileceği düşünülmektedir.

References

  • 1. Aladro-Gonzalvo AR, Machado-Díaz M, Moncada-Jiménez J, Hernández-Elizondo J, Araya-Vargas G. The effect of pilates exercises on body composition: a systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2012;16(1):109-114.
  • 2. Şavkin R, Aslan UB. The effect of pilates exercise on body composition in sedentary overweight and obese women. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2017;57(11):1464-1470.
  • 3. Rayes ABR, de Lira CAB, Viana RB, Benedito-Silva AA, Vancini RL, Mascarin N, et al. The effects of pilates vs. aerobic training on cardiorespiratory fitness, isokinetic muscular strength, body composition, and functional tasks outcomes for individuals who are overweight/obese: a clinical trial. PeerJ, 2019;7:e6022.
  • 4. Roller M, Kachingwe A, Beling J, Ickes DM, Cabot A, Shrier G. Pilates reformer exercises for fall risk reduction in older adults: A randomized controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018;22(4):983-998.
  • 5. Aka H, İbiş S, Arıcı R. Kadınlara uygulanan 8 haftalık reformer pilates egzersizlerinin vücut kompozisyonuna ve bazı fiziksel uygunluk parametrelerine etkisi. GUSBD. 2020;5(4):573-589.
  • 6. Pekel HA, Aydos L, Uzun A, Bozoğlu MS, Demirel M. The effect of zumba and reformer exercises on female body composition. IJOEEC. 2020;5(11):2316-2339.
  • 7. Kaya M, Paktaş Y, Topçu İ, Karabacak E. Pilates reformer egzersizlerinin sedanter kadınlarda vücut ağırlığı, kas çevresi ve esneklik düzeylerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Sivas Cumhuriyet Univ Sports Sci J. 2020 [cited 2021 Mar 15]; 1(3):130-139. Available from: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cussj/issue/60106/854245
  • 8. Vassilopoulou E, Piperari G, Christoforou C. Is Zumba® fitness effective to manage overweight without dietary intervention?. AJNE. 2016;1(3):113-121.
  • 9. Aragon AA, Schoenfeld BJ, Wildman R, Kleiner S, VanDusseldorp T, Taylor L, et al. International society of sports nutrition position stand: diets and body composition. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2017;14(1):16.
  • 10. Fourie M, Gildenhuys GM, Shaw I, Shaw BS, Toriola AL, Goon DT. Effects of a mat pilates programme on body composition in elderly women. West Indian Med J. 2013;62(6):524-8.
  • 11. IPAQ-SF Research Committee. Guidelines for data processing and analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF)-short and long forms. 2005 [cited 2021 Mar 15] Available from: http://www. IPAQ-SF. ki. se/scoring. pdf.
  • 12. BEBİS Programı, B. B. S. P. Ebispro for Windows, Stutgart, Germany; Turkish version BEBİS; Data Bases: Bundeslebenmittelschlüssell, 11.3 and other sorces.18
  • 13. Schoufour JD, de Jonge EA, Kiefte-de Jong JC, van Lenthe FJ, Hofman A, Nunn SP, et al. Socio-economic indicators and diet quality in an older population. Maturitas. 2018;107:71-7.
  • 14. Macías R, Garrido-Muñoz M, Tejero-González CM, Lucia A, López-Adán E, Rodríguez-Romo G. Prevalence of leisure-time sedentary behaviour and sociodemographic correlates: a cross-sectional study in Spanish adults. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):972.
  • 15. Farrell L, Hollingsworth B, Propper C, Shields MA. The socioeconomics gradient in physical inactivity: Evidence from one million adults in England. Soc Sci Med. 2014;123:55-63.
  • 16. Del Duca GF, Nahas MV, Garcia LMT, Mota J, Hallal PC, Peres MA. Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of all domains of physical activity in Brazilian adults. Prev Med Rep. 2013;56(2):99-102.
  • 17. Beenackers MA, Kamphuis CB, Giskes K, Brug J, Kunst AE, Burdorf A, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in occupational, leisure-time, and transport related physical activity among European adults: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2012;9(1):1-23.
  • 18. Basoglu UD. Exercise Addiction: A Comparison between the Individuals Who Exercise for Physical Recreation and Who Receive Personal Exercise Training. Journal of Education and Training Studies. 2018;6(12):21-5.
  • 19. de Souza Ferraz V, Cruz ADFC, Ferreira MAM, Burke TN, de Oliveira Junior SA, Christofoletti G, et al. Efeito do Método Pilates sobre a Função Sexual, a Força da Musculatura do Assoalho Pélvico e a Qualidade de Vida em Mulheres Sobreviventes do Câncer de Mama. Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia. 2020;66(2).
  • 20. Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(24):1451-1462.
  • 21. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Türkiye beslenme ve sağlık araştırması 2019. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Publication Number: 1132, Ankara, 2019 [cited 2021 Apr 9]; Available from: https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/saglikli-beslenme-hareketli-hayat-db/Yayinlar/kitaplar/TBSA_RAPOR_KITAP_20.08.pdf
  • 22. Paoli A, Tinsley G, Bianco A, Moro T. The influence of meal frequency and timing on health in humans: the role of fasting. Nutrients. 2019;11(4):719.
  • 23. Peker A, Yağmur C. Yetişkin şişman kadınlarda zayıflama diyeti ve egzersiz uygulamasının vücut ağırlık kaybı ile vücut bileşimi ve antropometrik ölçümler üzerine etkisi. Ç.Ü. Müh. Mim. Fak. Dergisi. 2018 [cited 2021 Apr 9]; 35(6):81-90. Available from: https://fbe.cu.edu.tr/storage/fbeyedek/makaleler/2017/YET%C4%B0%C5%9EK%C4%B0N%20%C5%9E%C4%B0%C5%9EMAN%20KADINLARDA.pdf
  • 24. Zhixian JM, Zhang M, Sui Z, Rangan AM. Water consumption among Australian population: Results from 2011–12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Obes Res Clin Pract. 2019;13(1):112-113.
  • 25. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Türkiye beslenme rehberi 2015 (TÜBER). T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Müdürlüğü Publication Number: 1031, Ankara, 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 9] Available from: https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/10915,tuber-turkiye-beslenme-rehberipdf.pdf
  • 26. Nişancı Kılınç F, Çakır B, Durmaz SE. Spor yapan adölesanlar optimal düzeyde besleniyor mu? Obezite durumları ve Akdeniz Diyeti’ne uyum düzeyleri. Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2020;12(1):49-57.
  • 27. Özdoğan Y, Karataş E, Uçar A. Vücut geliştirme sporu yapan erkeklerin beslenme alışkanlıkları ve ergojenik besin destekleri kullanma durumları. AUHSJ. 2018;9(4):378-384.
  • 28. Lacerda FMM, Carvalho WRG, Hortegal EV, Cabral NAL, Veloso HJF. Factors associated with dietary supplement use by people who exercise at gyms. Rev Saude Publica. 2015;49:63.
  • 29. Ranasinghe C, Shettigar PG, Garg M. Dietary intake, physical activity and body mass index among postmenopausal women. J Midlife Health. 2017;8(4):163.
  • 30. Kashyap A, Chhabra P. Assessment of nutritional ıntake and nutritional knowledge of rural post-menopausal women. IJSHR. 2019 [cited 2021 Jan 9]; 4(3):68-73. Available from: https://ijshr.com/IJSHR_Vol.4_Issue.3_July2019/IJSHR0012.pdf
  • 31. Castro EA, Carraça EV, Cupeiro R, López-Plaza B, Teixeira PJ, González-Lamuño D, et al. The effects of the type of exercise and physical activity on eating behavior and body composition in overweight and obese subjects. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):557.
  • 32. Cakmakçi O. The effect of 8 week plates exercise on body composition in obese women. Coll Antropol. 2011 [cited 2021 Jan 10]; 35(4):1045-1050. Available from: https://hrcak.srce.hr/75605
  • 33. Aibar-Almazán A, Martínez-Amat A, Cruz-Díaz D, Jiménez-García J, Zagalaz-Anula N, Redecillas-Peiró M, et al. The Influence of Pilates Exercises on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Gait Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2020.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Gülşah Kaner 0000-0001-5882-6049

Çağla Ayer 0000-0001-6124-7339

Publication Date January 15, 2022
Acceptance Date October 20, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Kaner G, Ayer Ç. The Effect of A Weight-Loss Diet in Women Doing Reformer Pilates: A 12-Week Evaluation. J Contemp Med. January 2022;12(1):19-26. doi:10.16899/jcm.1004825