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X-Ray Cihazına Benzeyen Kan-Beyin Bariyerlerinin Çalışma Prensiplerini Açıklamaya Doğru: Bir Nörofizik Hipotez

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 42 - 46, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1203348

Abstract

Amaç: Kan-beyin bariyeri, nörofiziksel temelde elektromanyetik bir mekanizmadır. Bu çalışmada kan-beyin bariyerini, ona birçok yönden benzeyen X-Ray cihazı ile karşılaştırdık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: On sıçanın derin temporal korteks bölümlerinden beyin örnekleri topladık. Daha sonra glial fibriler asidik protein (GFAP) tekniği ile boyadık. Akabinde kan-beyin bariyerlerinin mimari yapılarını görselleştirdik ve X-ray cihazlarıyla karşılaştırdık.
Bulgular: X-ray cihazında tüp kan-beyin bariyerini oluşturan arterioller ile elektrik akımını sağlayan ve akımın yönünü belirleyen anot-katot; damarları çevreleyen astrositlere, damarlar için soğutma sistemi örevi gören beyin omurilik sıvısına ve katottan damarda akan parçacıklara yayılan elektronlara karşılık gelir.
Sonuç: Kan-beyin bariyerinin sunduğu mimari yapısı sayesinde yolcu bagajındaki nesneleri görüntüleyen ve barkod numaralarına göre yönlendiren bir X-Ray ve optik okuyucu olarak işlev gördüğünü düşünüyoruz.

References

  • 1. W.C. Rontgen. On a new kind of rays. Radiography. 1970;36(428):185-8.
  • 2. Attwood DT. Soft x-rays and extreme ultraviolet radiation: principles and applications. In: Attwood DT, editor. New York Cambridge Univ Press; 2000.
  • 3. Mahringer A, Puris E, Fricker G. Crossing the blood-brain barrier: A review on drug delivery strategies using colloidal carrier systems. Neurochem Int. 2021;147:105017.
  • 4. Daneman R, Prat A. The blood-brain barrier. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2015;7(1):a020412.
  • 5. Cheslow L, Alvarez JI. Glial-endothelial crosstalk regulates blood-brain barrier function. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2016;26:39-46.
  • 6. Abbott NJ, Patabendige AA, Dolman DE, Yusof SR, Begley DJ. Structure and function of the blood-brain barrier. Neurobiol Dis. 2010;37(1):13-25.
  • 7. Butt AM, Jones HC, Abbott NJ. Electrical resistance across the blood-brain barrier in anaesthetized rats: a developmental study. J Physiol. 1990;429:47-62.
  • 8. MB DHaS. The blood brain-barrier. In: Physiology of the CSF and of the Blood-Brain Barrier. New York CRC. 1995:49-91.
  • 9. Shapey J, Toma A, Saeed SR. Physiology of cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;27(5):326-33.
  • 10. Nakada T, Kwee IL. Fluid Dynamics Inside the Brain Barrier: Current Concept of Interstitial Flow, Glymphatic Flow, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation in the Brain. Neuroscientist. 2019;25(2):155-66.
  • 11. Kazakos EI, Kountouras J, Polyzos SA, Deretzi G. Novel aspects of defensins' involvement in virus-induced autoimmunity in the central nervous system. Med Hypotheses. 2017;102:33-6.
  • 12. de Laurentis C, Cristaldi P, Arighi A, Cavandoli C, Trezza A, Sganzerla EP, et al. Role of aquaporins in hydrocephalus: what do we know and where do we stand? A systematic review. J Neurol. 2020.
  • 13. Ignatyev K, Munro PRT, Chana D, Speller RD, Olivo A. A New Generation of X-ray Baggage Scanners Based on a Different Physical Principle. Materials (Basel). 2011;4(10):1846-60.

Toward to Explain of Working Principles of Blood-Brain Barriers Like X-Ray Devices: A Neurophysical Hypothesis

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 42 - 46, 31.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1203348

Abstract

Objective: The blood-brain barrier is an electromagnetic mechanism on a neurophysical basis. In this study, we compared the X-Ray device, which is similar to the blood-brain barrier in many ways.
Material and Methods: We collected brain samples from deep temporal cortex sections of ten rats, stained them via the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) technique, visualized the architectural structures of the blood-brain barriers, and compared them with X-ray devices.
Results: With the arterioles forming the tube blood-brain barrier in the X-ray device, the anode-cathode that provides the electric current and determines the direction of the current flow corresponds to the astrocytes surrounding the anode-cathode vessel, the cooling system to the cerebrospinal fluid circulating the vessel, and the electrons emitted from the cathode to the particles flowing in the vessel.
Conclusion: With the architecture presented by the blood-brain barrier, we envision it functioning as an X-Ray and optical reader that display objects in passenger baggage and direct them according to barcode numbers.

References

  • 1. W.C. Rontgen. On a new kind of rays. Radiography. 1970;36(428):185-8.
  • 2. Attwood DT. Soft x-rays and extreme ultraviolet radiation: principles and applications. In: Attwood DT, editor. New York Cambridge Univ Press; 2000.
  • 3. Mahringer A, Puris E, Fricker G. Crossing the blood-brain barrier: A review on drug delivery strategies using colloidal carrier systems. Neurochem Int. 2021;147:105017.
  • 4. Daneman R, Prat A. The blood-brain barrier. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2015;7(1):a020412.
  • 5. Cheslow L, Alvarez JI. Glial-endothelial crosstalk regulates blood-brain barrier function. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2016;26:39-46.
  • 6. Abbott NJ, Patabendige AA, Dolman DE, Yusof SR, Begley DJ. Structure and function of the blood-brain barrier. Neurobiol Dis. 2010;37(1):13-25.
  • 7. Butt AM, Jones HC, Abbott NJ. Electrical resistance across the blood-brain barrier in anaesthetized rats: a developmental study. J Physiol. 1990;429:47-62.
  • 8. MB DHaS. The blood brain-barrier. In: Physiology of the CSF and of the Blood-Brain Barrier. New York CRC. 1995:49-91.
  • 9. Shapey J, Toma A, Saeed SR. Physiology of cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019;27(5):326-33.
  • 10. Nakada T, Kwee IL. Fluid Dynamics Inside the Brain Barrier: Current Concept of Interstitial Flow, Glymphatic Flow, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Circulation in the Brain. Neuroscientist. 2019;25(2):155-66.
  • 11. Kazakos EI, Kountouras J, Polyzos SA, Deretzi G. Novel aspects of defensins' involvement in virus-induced autoimmunity in the central nervous system. Med Hypotheses. 2017;102:33-6.
  • 12. de Laurentis C, Cristaldi P, Arighi A, Cavandoli C, Trezza A, Sganzerla EP, et al. Role of aquaporins in hydrocephalus: what do we know and where do we stand? A systematic review. J Neurol. 2020.
  • 13. Ignatyev K, Munro PRT, Chana D, Speller RD, Olivo A. A New Generation of X-ray Baggage Scanners Based on a Different Physical Principle. Materials (Basel). 2011;4(10):1846-60.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Mehmet Aydin 0000-0002-0383-9739

Mustafa Can Güler 0000-0001-8588-1035

Canan Atalay This is me 0000-0002-4859-4616

Osman Nuri Keleş 0000-0001-7740-8248

Publication Date January 31, 2023
Acceptance Date December 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Aydin M, Güler MC, Atalay C, Keleş ON. Toward to Explain of Working Principles of Blood-Brain Barriers Like X-Ray Devices: A Neurophysical Hypothesis. J Contemp Med. January 2023;13(1):42-46. doi:10.16899/jcm.1203348