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Evaluation of Maternal Micronutrient Levels in First Antenatal Visit

Year 2014, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 120 - 124, 01.10.2014

Yeşim Bayoğlu Tekin Ülkü Mete Ural Aynur Kırbaş Emine Seda Dağ Güven Figen Kır Şahin

Abstract

Aim: Micronutrients are nutrients required by humans and other organisms in small quantities to orchestrate their physiological functions. Vitamins and trace elements are constituents of micronutrients. Micronutrient deficiency anemias are a common health problem of developing countries and iron, folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies are most frequently observed.Material and Method: In this study, the iron, folate and B12 levels of pregnant women who administered to an university hospital for the first antenatal visit were evaluated and compared with the other hematological parameters.Result: The frequency of anemia, iron, folate and B12 deficiency were detected as 4.5% 21.1%, 15.1% and 10.6% respectively.Conclusion: Despite normal hematological parameters determination of micronutrient deficiencies showed the necessity of evaluation of hemogram with micronutrient levels in pregnant women. Thus the possible complications that may arise due to anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in pregnancy would be prevented.

Keywords

Pregnancy first trimester anemia micronutrient deficiency

References

  • 1. Fall CH, Yajnik CS, Rao S, Davies AA, Brown N, Farrant HJ. Micronutrients and fetal growth. J Nutr 2003;133:1747S–1756S.
  • 2. The Micronutrient Initiative and United Nations Children’s Fund. Vitamin and Mineral Deficiency: A Global Progress Report. Ottowa, Ont. The Micronutrient Initiative. 2004
  • 3. Wheeler S. Assessment and interpretation of micronutrient status during pregnancy Proc Nutr Soc. 2008;67:437-50.
  • 4. Henk J. Folic acid, methylation and neural tube closure in humans. Birth Defects Res 2009;85:295–302.
  • 5. Burdge GC, Lillycrops KA. Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy: Are there devils in the detail? Br J Nutr. 2012;14;108:1924-30
  • 6. Klee GG. Cobalamin and folate evaluation: measurement of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine vs vitamin B(12) and folate. Clin Chem. 2000 ;46:1277-83
  • 7. Carmel R, Sarrai M. Diagnosis and management of clinical and subclinical cobalamin deficiency: advances and controversies. Curr Hematol Rep. 2006; 5:23-33.
  • 8. Carmel R. Current concepts in cobalamin deficiency. Annu Rev Med. 2000;51:357-75.
  • 9. García-Fragoso L, García-García I, Rivera CE. The use of folic acid for the prevention of birth defects in Puerto Rico. Ethn Dis. 2008 ;18(2 Suppl 2):S2-168-71.
  • 10. WHO/CDC (World Health Organization/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Assessment of iron status at the population level: report of a joint WHO/CDC technical consultation. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2005
  • 11. CDC criteria for anemia in children and childbearing-aged women. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1989;38:400e404.
  • 12. Crichton RR. The biochemistry of ferritin. Br J Haematol. 1992;26:677e681.
  • 13. McLean E, Cogswell M, Egli I, Wojdyla D, de Benoist B. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia1993–2005. Public Health Nutr. 2009 ;12:444-54.
  • 14. World Health Organization: the prevalence of anaemia in women: a tabulation of available information. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1992.
  • 15. Bergmann RL, Gravens-Müller L, Hertwig K, Hinkel J, Andres B, Bergmann KE, Dudenhausen JW. Iron deficiency is prevalent in a sample of pregnant women at delivery in Germany Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2002;102:155-60.
  • 16. Seshadri S. Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency particularly of iron, zinc and folic acid in pregnant women in South East Asia. Br J Nutr. 2001;85 Suppl 2:87-92
  • 17. Pathak P, Kapil U, Yajnik CS, Kapoor SK, Dwivedi SN, Singh R.Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 stores among pregnant women in a rural area of Haryana State, Food Nutr Bull. 2007 ;28:435-8.
  • 18. Ray JG, Goodman J, O’Mahoney PR, Mamdani MM, Jiang D. High rate of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency nearly adecade after Canadian folic acid flour fortification. QJM. 2008 ;101:475-7.
  • 19. Ma AG, Schouten EG, Wang Y, Xu RX, Zheng MC, Li Y, Wang Q, Sun Y. Micronutrient status in anemic and non-anemic Chinese women in the third trimester of pregnancy Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2009;18: 41-47
  • 20. Lindström E1, Hossain MB, Lönnerdal B, Raqib R, El Arifeen S, Ekström EC. Prevalence of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in early pregnancy in rural Bangladesh, the MINIMat trial Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2011 ;90:47-56
  • 21. WHO Global Database on Anaemia: Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005. [http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/ 9789241596657.
  • 22. Karaoglu L, Pehlivan E, Egri M, Deprem C, Gunes G, Genc MF, et al. The prevalence of nutritional anemia in pregnancy in an EastAnatolian province, Turkey. BMC Public Health 2010; 10: 329.
  • 23. Karabulut A, Sevket O, Acun A. Iron, folate and vitamin B12 levels in first trimester pregnancies in the Southwest region of Turkey. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2011 1;12:153-6.
  • 24. Burton R, Kelion Z, Costello C. Severe folate deficiency in pregnancy with normal red cell folate level Clin. Lab. Haem. 2006, 28, 66–68.

İlk Antenatal Vizit Sırasında Maternal Mikrobesin Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2014, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 120 - 124, 01.10.2014

Yeşim Bayoğlu Tekin Ülkü Mete Ural Aynur Kırbaş Emine Seda Dağ Güven Figen Kır Şahin

Abstract

Amaç: Mikrobesinler canlıların fizyolojik fonksiyonlarını yerine getirebilmesi için çok düşük miktarlarda ihtiyaç duyduğu besinlerdir. Vitaminler ve eser elementler mikrobesinleri oluştururlar. Mikrobesin eksikliğine bağlı anemi sıklıkla gelişmekte olan ülkelerde rastlanılan bir sağlık problemidir ve en sık demir, folat ve vitamin B12 eksikliği görülmektedir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada bir üniversite hastanesine ilk antenatal vizit için başvuran gebe kadınların demir, folat ve vitamin B12 düzeyleri değerlendirilmiş ve diğer hematolojik parametreler ile karşılaştırılmıştır.Bulgular: Anemi oranı %4.5 demir eksikliği %21.1, folat eksikliği %15.1 ve B12 eksikliği %10.6 olarak tespit edilmiştir.Sonuç: Normal hematolojik parametrelere rağmen hastalarda mikrobesin eksikliğinin tespit edilmesi gebelikte hemogram ve mikrobesin değerlerinin birlikte değerlendirilmesinin gerekliliğini göstermektedir. Böylece gebelikte anemi ve mikrobesin eksikliklerine bağlı ortaya çıkabilecek olası komplikasyonlar önlenmiş olacaktır.

Keywords

Gebelik ilk trimester anemi mikrobesin eksikliği

References

  • 1. Fall CH, Yajnik CS, Rao S, Davies AA, Brown N, Farrant HJ. Micronutrients and fetal growth. J Nutr 2003;133:1747S–1756S.
  • 2. The Micronutrient Initiative and United Nations Children’s Fund. Vitamin and Mineral Deficiency: A Global Progress Report. Ottowa, Ont. The Micronutrient Initiative. 2004
  • 3. Wheeler S. Assessment and interpretation of micronutrient status during pregnancy Proc Nutr Soc. 2008;67:437-50.
  • 4. Henk J. Folic acid, methylation and neural tube closure in humans. Birth Defects Res 2009;85:295–302.
  • 5. Burdge GC, Lillycrops KA. Folic acid supplementation in pregnancy: Are there devils in the detail? Br J Nutr. 2012;14;108:1924-30
  • 6. Klee GG. Cobalamin and folate evaluation: measurement of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine vs vitamin B(12) and folate. Clin Chem. 2000 ;46:1277-83
  • 7. Carmel R, Sarrai M. Diagnosis and management of clinical and subclinical cobalamin deficiency: advances and controversies. Curr Hematol Rep. 2006; 5:23-33.
  • 8. Carmel R. Current concepts in cobalamin deficiency. Annu Rev Med. 2000;51:357-75.
  • 9. García-Fragoso L, García-García I, Rivera CE. The use of folic acid for the prevention of birth defects in Puerto Rico. Ethn Dis. 2008 ;18(2 Suppl 2):S2-168-71.
  • 10. WHO/CDC (World Health Organization/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Assessment of iron status at the population level: report of a joint WHO/CDC technical consultation. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO; 2005
  • 11. CDC criteria for anemia in children and childbearing-aged women. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1989;38:400e404.
  • 12. Crichton RR. The biochemistry of ferritin. Br J Haematol. 1992;26:677e681.
  • 13. McLean E, Cogswell M, Egli I, Wojdyla D, de Benoist B. Worldwide prevalence of anaemia1993–2005. Public Health Nutr. 2009 ;12:444-54.
  • 14. World Health Organization: the prevalence of anaemia in women: a tabulation of available information. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1992.
  • 15. Bergmann RL, Gravens-Müller L, Hertwig K, Hinkel J, Andres B, Bergmann KE, Dudenhausen JW. Iron deficiency is prevalent in a sample of pregnant women at delivery in Germany Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2002;102:155-60.
  • 16. Seshadri S. Prevalence of micronutrient deficiency particularly of iron, zinc and folic acid in pregnant women in South East Asia. Br J Nutr. 2001;85 Suppl 2:87-92
  • 17. Pathak P, Kapil U, Yajnik CS, Kapoor SK, Dwivedi SN, Singh R.Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 stores among pregnant women in a rural area of Haryana State, Food Nutr Bull. 2007 ;28:435-8.
  • 18. Ray JG, Goodman J, O’Mahoney PR, Mamdani MM, Jiang D. High rate of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency nearly adecade after Canadian folic acid flour fortification. QJM. 2008 ;101:475-7.
  • 19. Ma AG, Schouten EG, Wang Y, Xu RX, Zheng MC, Li Y, Wang Q, Sun Y. Micronutrient status in anemic and non-anemic Chinese women in the third trimester of pregnancy Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2009;18: 41-47
  • 20. Lindström E1, Hossain MB, Lönnerdal B, Raqib R, El Arifeen S, Ekström EC. Prevalence of anemia and micronutrient deficiencies in early pregnancy in rural Bangladesh, the MINIMat trial Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2011 ;90:47-56
  • 21. WHO Global Database on Anaemia: Worldwide prevalence of anaemia 1993-2005. [http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2008/ 9789241596657.
  • 22. Karaoglu L, Pehlivan E, Egri M, Deprem C, Gunes G, Genc MF, et al. The prevalence of nutritional anemia in pregnancy in an EastAnatolian province, Turkey. BMC Public Health 2010; 10: 329.
  • 23. Karabulut A, Sevket O, Acun A. Iron, folate and vitamin B12 levels in first trimester pregnancies in the Southwest region of Turkey. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2011 1;12:153-6.
  • 24. Burton R, Kelion Z, Costello C. Severe folate deficiency in pregnancy with normal red cell folate level Clin. Lab. Haem. 2006, 28, 66–68.
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yeşim Bayoğlu Tekin

Ülkü Mete Ural This is me

Aynur Kırbaş This is me

Emine Seda Dağ Güven This is me

Figen Kır Şahin This is me

Publication Date October 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 11 Issue: 4

Cite

Vancouver Bayoğlu Tekin Y, Mete Ural Ü, Kırbaş A, Dağ Güven ES, Kır Şahin F. İlk Antenatal Vizit Sırasında Maternal Mikrobesin Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi. JGON. 2014;11(4):120-4.