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Effects of Antidepressant Agents on Cornea and Ocular Surface

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 124 - 129, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1229624

Abstract

Aim: Today, antidepressants, which are frequently prescribed by physicians for different purposes, have various effects on ocular tissues. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of different agents on the cornea and ocular surface.
Material-Methods: For this purpose, 50 healthy controls and 336 patients were included in this study.
Results: Compared to the control group, all patient groups had higher OSDI scores and staining scores, and a lower Schirmer test result and a lower tear break-up time (all parameters, p<0,001). When specular microscope data were evaluated, cell density and hexagonality were found to be lower in all patient groups compared to the control group (all parameters, p<0,001). In the corneal topography data, there was a significant difference in all parameters in the patient groups when compared to the control group (all parameters, p<0,001).
Conclusion: In conclusion, all antidepressant agents, especially sertraline and escitalopram in the SSRI group, have adverse effects on the cornea and ocular surface. Among the current treatment options, agents in the SNRI group are more compatible with the ocular surface.

References

  • 1. Brender R, Mulsant BH, Blumberger DM. An up-date on antidepressant pharmacotherapy in late-life depression. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2021;22(14):1909-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2021.1921736
  • 2. Wichniak A, Wierzbicka A, Walęcka M, et al. Ef-fects of Antidepressants on Sleep. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017;19(9):63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0816-4
  • 3. Montejo AL, Montejo L, Navarro-Cremades F. Sexual side-effects of antidepressant and an-tipsychotic drugs. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2015;28(6):418-23. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000198
  • 4. Carvalho AF, Sharma MS, Brunoni AR, et al. The Safety, Tolerability and Risks Associated with the Use of Newer Generation Antidepressant Drugs: A Critical Review of the Literature. Psychother Psychosom. 2016;85(5):270-88. https://doi.org/10.1159/000447034
  • 5. Richa S, Yazbek JC. Ocular adverse effects of common psychotropic agents: a review. CNS Drugs. 2010;24(6):501-26. https://doi.org/10.2165/11533180-000000000-00000
  • 6. Lavretsky H, Laird KT, Krause-Sorio B, et al. A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Combined Escitalopram and Memantine for Older Adults With Major Depression and Sub¬jective Memory Complaints. Am J Geriatr Psyc¬hiatry. 2020;28(2):178-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2019.08.011
  • 7. Davey CG, Chanen AM, Hetrick SE, et al. The addition of fluoxetine to cognitive behavioural therapy for youth depression (YoDA-C): a rando¬mised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi¬centre clinical trial. Lancet Psychiatry. 2019;6(9):735-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30215-9
  • 8. Salk RH, Hyde JS, Abramson LY. Gender diffe-rences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-analyses of diagnoses and symp-toms. Psychol Bull. 2017;143(8):783-822. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000102
  • 9. Ismayilov AS, Celikel G. Effects of tricyclic anti-depressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibi-tors, and selective serotonin-norepinephrine reup-take inhibitors on the ocular surface. Arq Bras Of¬talmol. 2022:S0004-27492022005006214. https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20230068
  • 10. Işik-Ulusoy S, Ulusoy MO. Influence of Different Antidepressants on Ocular Surface in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. J Clin Psychop-harmacol. 2021;41(1):49-52. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000001325
  • 11. Chen S, Wu Q, Li X, et al. The role of hepatic cy-tochrome P450s in the cytotoxicity of sertraline. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Jul;94(7):2401-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02753-y
  • 12. Istifli ES, Çelik R, Hüsunet MT, et al. In vitro cy-togenotoxic evaluation of sertraline. Interdiscip Toxicol. 2018 Oct;11(3):181-8. https://doi.org/10.2478/intox-2018-0015
  • 13. Yeh JH, Sun TK, Chou CT, et al. Effect of sertra-line on Ca²⁺ fluxes in rabbit corneal epithelial cells. Chin J Physiol. 2015 Apr 30;58(2):85-94. https://doi.org/10.4077/CJP.2015.BAC255
  • 14. Then CK, Liu KH, Liao MH, et al. Antidepres-sants, sertraline and paroxetine, increase calcium influx and induce mitochondrial damage-media-ted apoptosis of astrocytes. Oncotarget. 2017;8(70):115490-502. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.23302
  • 15. Karaküçük Y, Beyoglu A, Çömez A, et al. Early effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on cornea and lens density in patients with depression. Psychiatry Clin. Psychopharma-col. 2019;29:387–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673944

Antidepresan İlaçların Kornea ve Oküler Yüzey Üzerindeki Etkileri

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 124 - 129, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1229624

Abstract

Giriş: Günümüzde hekimler tarafından farklı amaçlarla sıklıkla reçete edilen antidepresanların oküler dokular üzerinde çeşitli etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı ajanların kornea ve oküler yüzey üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu amaçla 50 sağlıklı kontrol ve 336 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi.
Bulgular: Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, tüm hasta gruplarında daha yüksek OSDI skorları ve boyanma skorları, daha düşük Schirmer test sonucu ve daha düşük gözyaşı kırılma süresi vardı (tüm parametreler, p<0,001). Speküler mikroskop verileri değerlendirildiğinde, tüm hasta gruplarında hücre yoğunluğu ve hekzagonalite kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha düşük bulundu (tüm parametreler, p<0,001). Korneal topografi verilerinde ise hasta gruplarında kontrol grubuna göre tüm parametrelerde anlamlı fark saptandı (tüm parametreler, p<0,001).
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, SSRI grubundaki sertralin ve essitalopram başta olmak üzere tüm antidepresan ajanların kornea ve oküler yüzey üzerinde olumsuz etkileri vardır. Mevcut tedavi seçenekleri arasında SNRI grubundaki ajanlar oküler yüzey ile daha uyumludur.

References

  • 1. Brender R, Mulsant BH, Blumberger DM. An up-date on antidepressant pharmacotherapy in late-life depression. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2021;22(14):1909-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2021.1921736
  • 2. Wichniak A, Wierzbicka A, Walęcka M, et al. Ef-fects of Antidepressants on Sleep. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017;19(9):63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0816-4
  • 3. Montejo AL, Montejo L, Navarro-Cremades F. Sexual side-effects of antidepressant and an-tipsychotic drugs. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2015;28(6):418-23. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000198
  • 4. Carvalho AF, Sharma MS, Brunoni AR, et al. The Safety, Tolerability and Risks Associated with the Use of Newer Generation Antidepressant Drugs: A Critical Review of the Literature. Psychother Psychosom. 2016;85(5):270-88. https://doi.org/10.1159/000447034
  • 5. Richa S, Yazbek JC. Ocular adverse effects of common psychotropic agents: a review. CNS Drugs. 2010;24(6):501-26. https://doi.org/10.2165/11533180-000000000-00000
  • 6. Lavretsky H, Laird KT, Krause-Sorio B, et al. A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Combined Escitalopram and Memantine for Older Adults With Major Depression and Sub¬jective Memory Complaints. Am J Geriatr Psyc¬hiatry. 2020;28(2):178-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2019.08.011
  • 7. Davey CG, Chanen AM, Hetrick SE, et al. The addition of fluoxetine to cognitive behavioural therapy for youth depression (YoDA-C): a rando¬mised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi¬centre clinical trial. Lancet Psychiatry. 2019;6(9):735-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30215-9
  • 8. Salk RH, Hyde JS, Abramson LY. Gender diffe-rences in depression in representative national samples: Meta-analyses of diagnoses and symp-toms. Psychol Bull. 2017;143(8):783-822. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000102
  • 9. Ismayilov AS, Celikel G. Effects of tricyclic anti-depressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibi-tors, and selective serotonin-norepinephrine reup-take inhibitors on the ocular surface. Arq Bras Of¬talmol. 2022:S0004-27492022005006214. https://doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20230068
  • 10. Işik-Ulusoy S, Ulusoy MO. Influence of Different Antidepressants on Ocular Surface in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. J Clin Psychop-harmacol. 2021;41(1):49-52. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0000000000001325
  • 11. Chen S, Wu Q, Li X, et al. The role of hepatic cy-tochrome P450s in the cytotoxicity of sertraline. Arch Toxicol. 2020 Jul;94(7):2401-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02753-y
  • 12. Istifli ES, Çelik R, Hüsunet MT, et al. In vitro cy-togenotoxic evaluation of sertraline. Interdiscip Toxicol. 2018 Oct;11(3):181-8. https://doi.org/10.2478/intox-2018-0015
  • 13. Yeh JH, Sun TK, Chou CT, et al. Effect of sertra-line on Ca²⁺ fluxes in rabbit corneal epithelial cells. Chin J Physiol. 2015 Apr 30;58(2):85-94. https://doi.org/10.4077/CJP.2015.BAC255
  • 14. Then CK, Liu KH, Liao MH, et al. Antidepres-sants, sertraline and paroxetine, increase calcium influx and induce mitochondrial damage-media-ted apoptosis of astrocytes. Oncotarget. 2017;8(70):115490-502. https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.23302
  • 15. Karaküçük Y, Beyoglu A, Çömez A, et al. Early effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on cornea and lens density in patients with depression. Psychiatry Clin. Psychopharma-col. 2019;29:387–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673944
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Surgery, Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ömer Özer 0000-0003-0329-0931

Emin Serbülent Güçlü 0000-0003-2112-1162

Publication Date April 30, 2023
Acceptance Date March 28, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özer, Ö., & Güçlü, E. S. (2023). Effects of Antidepressant Agents on Cornea and Ocular Surface. Journal of Cukurova Anesthesia and Surgical Sciences, 6(1), 124-129. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.1229624

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