Clinical Research
Tıp öğrencilerinde obsesif-kompulsif belirtiler ve ortoreksiya nervoza: Web tabanlı, kesitsel bir çalışma
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı tıp öğrencilerinin ortoreksiya nervoza (ON) eğilimlerini belirlemek ve obsesif-kompulsif belirtilerin bu tutumlar üzerindeki rolünü araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma 822 tıp öğrencisi ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler çevrimiçi bir anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Veri toplama formu olarak sosyodemografik bilgi formu, ORTO-11 ölçeği ve Maudsley Obsesif Kompulsif Belirti Envanteri (MOCI) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.5±2.1 (dağılım 18-32) yıl olup, %50.7'si (n=417) kadındır. Ortoreksiya eğilimi %19 (n=156) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin ORTO-11 ve MOCI puanları arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Cinsiyet ve eğitim yılına göre ORTO-11 ve MOCI puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Gece yemek yemeyen, paketli gıda tüketmeyen, gıdaların son kullanma tarihini ve içeriğini kontrol eden ve düzenli öğün yapan katılımcıların ORTO-11 puanları anlamlı derecede düşüktü. Öğrencilerin ortalama vücut kitle indeksi ile ORTO-11 ve MOCI puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır (tümü için p>0.05).
Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları, tıp öğrencileri arasında ON eğiliminin yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Obsesif-kompulsif semptomları olan öğrencilerde ON daha yaygındır. ON ile mücadeleye obsesif-kompulsif belirtileri ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik müdahaleler de eklenmelidir.
Ethical Statement
Ethical permission for the study was obtained from the Ataturk University Faculty of Medicine ethical committee (IRB Number: B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/633, Number: 7/44).
Supporting Institution
none
Thanks
We would like to thank Assist. Prof. Dr. Kamber Kaşali for his help in the study's statistical analysis. We want to thank Mustafa Çelik for his technical support in arranging the tables and graphics of the study and to thank the medical students who participated in the study.
References
- Mathieu J. What is orthorexia? J Am Diet Assoc 2005; 105:1510-1512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2005.08.021
- Brytek-Matera A. Orthorexia nervosa–an eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder or disturbed eating habit Arch Psych Psych 2012; 1:55-60.
- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eat Weight Disord 2005; 10: e28-e32. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03327537
- Moroze RM, Dunn TM, Holland JC, Yager J, Weintraub P. Microthinking about micronutrients: a case of transition from obsessions about healthy eating to near-fatal “orthorexia nervosa” and proposed diagnostic criteria. Psychosomatics 2015; 56:397-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2014.03.003
- Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Orthorexia Nervosa and Adaptation of ORTO-11 into Turkish. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2008; 19(3):283-91 (in Turkish)
- Catalina Zamora ML, Bote Bonaechea B, García Sánchez F, Ríos Rial B. Orthorexia nervosa A new eating behavior disorder. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2005; 33:66-68. (in Spanish)
- Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, Varga M, Missbach B, Donini LM. Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2019; 24(2):209-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0606-y
- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: a preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eat Weight Disord 2004; 9:151-157. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325060.
- Tibi L, Van Oppen P, Van Balkom AJ, Eikelenboom M, Hendriks G-J, Anholt GE. The relationship between cognitions and symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord 2018; 225: 495-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.072.
- Benzina N, Mallet L, Burguière E, N’diaye K, Pelissolo A. Cognitive dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016; 18: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0720-3.
- Bratman S, Knight D. Orthorexia nervosa: Overcoming the obsession with healthful eating. Health Food Junkies. 2000; Broadway Books, New York.
- McComb SE, Mills JS. Orthorexia nervosa: A review of psychosocial risk factors. Appetite 2019; 140: 50-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.005
- Bundros J, Clifford D, Silliman K, Morris MN. Prevalence of Orthorexia nervosa among college students based on Bratman's test and associated tendencies. Appetite 2016; 101:86-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.144
- Bosi ATB, Camur D, Güler C. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in resident medical doctors in the faculty of medicine (Ankara, Turkey). Appetite 2007; 49:661-666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.04.007
- Gorrasi ISR, Bonetta S, Roppolo M, Abbate Daga G, Bo S, Tagliabue A, Ferraris C, Guglielmetti M, Arpesella M, Gaeta M. Traits of orthorexia nervosa and muscle dysmorphia in Italian university students: a multicentre study. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25: 1413-1423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00779-5
- Fidan T, Ertekin V, Işikay S, Kırpınar I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum, Turkey. Compreh psychiatry 2010; 51:49-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.03.001
- World Health Organization. Body Mass Index. Available from: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/topic-details/GHO/body-mass-index. Accessed date: 12.11.2022
- Rachman S, Hodgson R. Obsessional-compulsive complaints. Behav Res Ther 1977, 15: 389-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(77)90042-0.
- Erol N, Savaşır I. Turkish adaptation of Maudsley obsessive–compulsive inventory 1988; CGYT Publising, Istanbul. (in Turkish)
- Segura-García C, Papaianni MC, Caglioti F, Procopio L, Nisticò CG, Bombardiere L, Ammendolia A, Rizza P, De Fazio P, Capranica L. Ortho-rexia nervosa: a frequent eating disordered behavior in athletes. Eat Weight Disord 2012; 17:226-233. https://doi.org/10.3275/8272.
- Dell’Osso L, Abelli M, Carpita B, Massimetti G, Pini S, Rivetti L, Gorrasi F, Tognetti R, Ricca V, Carmassi C. Orthorexia nervosa in a sample of Italian university population. Riv psichiatr 2016; 51:190-196. https://doi.org/10.1708/2476.25888.
- Aksoydan E, Camci N. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among Turkish performance artists. Eat Weight Disord 2009; 14: 33-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03327792.
- Yeşil E, Turhan B, Tatan D, Şarahman C, Mendane S. The effect of gender to orthorexia nervosa tendency in adults. Journal of Ankara Health Sciences 2018; 7:1-9.Accessed: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/497639
- Turner PG, Lefevre CE. Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2017; 22: 277-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-017-0364-2
- Ozge Yesildemir, Acar Tek N. A Cross-Sectional Study: Orthorexia Nervosa In Regular Exercising Individuals For Healthy Life. Progr Nutr 2022; 24(1): e2022027. https://doi.org/10.23751/pn.v24i1.11921
- Sanlier N, Yabanci N, Alyakut O. An evaluation of eating disorders among a group of Turkish university students. Appetite 2008; 51:641-645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.05.058
- Anil C, Aritici G, Ari H, Tutuncu NB. Prevalence of orthorexia in diabetic patients. Endocrine Abstracts, Bioscientifica 2015; 37 EP327. https://doi.org/10.1530/endoabs.37.EP327
- Dunn TM, Gibbs J, Whitney N, Starosta A. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa is less than 1% data from a US sample. Eat Weight Disord 2017; 22:185-192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0258-8
- Oberle CD, Samaghabadi RO, Hughes EM. Orthorexia nervosa: Assessment and correlates with gender, BMI, and personality. Appetite 2017; 108:303-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.10.021
- Oktar I. Opinions of teachers and administrators about Nutrition Programs Implemented in Primary Schools and Nutritional Behaviors of Students Gazi University Vocational Education Faculty Vocational Education Journal 2003; 2:1-8. (in Turkish)
- Mıchelle-ernst EM. Orthorexia nervosa: real construct or newest social trend? Doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Faculty of the Department of Psychology, 2011. Accessed: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/62770587.pdf
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and orthorexia nervosa in medical students: A web-based, cross-sectional study
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine medical students' tendency to orthorexia nervosa (ON) and investigate the role of obsessive-compulsive symptoms on these attitudes.
Materials and methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 822 medical students. The data were collected via an online survey. A sociodemographic information form, the ORTO-11 scale, and the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Symptom Inventory (MOCI) were used as data collection forms.
Results: The mean age of the students was 20.5±2.1 (range 18-32) years, and 50.7% (n=417) were female. Orthorexia tendency was detected as 19% (n=156). A significant negative relationship was found between the students' ORTO-11 and MOCI scores (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between ORTO-11 and MOCI scores according to sex and years of training. Participants who did not eat at night, did not consume packaged food, checked the expiration date and content of the food, and had regular meals had significantly lower ORTO-11 scores. There was no significant relationship between students' mean body mass index and their ORTO-11 and MOCI scores (p>0.05 for all).
Conclusion: The study results show that the tendency to ON is high among medical students. ON is more common in students with obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Interventions to eliminate obsessive-compulsive symptoms should be added to the fight against ON.
References
- Mathieu J. What is orthorexia? J Am Diet Assoc 2005; 105:1510-1512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2005.08.021
- Brytek-Matera A. Orthorexia nervosa–an eating disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder or disturbed eating habit Arch Psych Psych 2012; 1:55-60.
- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: validation of a diagnosis questionnaire. Eat Weight Disord 2005; 10: e28-e32. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03327537
- Moroze RM, Dunn TM, Holland JC, Yager J, Weintraub P. Microthinking about micronutrients: a case of transition from obsessions about healthy eating to near-fatal “orthorexia nervosa” and proposed diagnostic criteria. Psychosomatics 2015; 56:397-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2014.03.003
- Arusoğlu G, Kabakçi E, Köksal G, Merdol TK. Orthorexia Nervosa and Adaptation of ORTO-11 into Turkish. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 2008; 19(3):283-91 (in Turkish)
- Catalina Zamora ML, Bote Bonaechea B, García Sánchez F, Ríos Rial B. Orthorexia nervosa A new eating behavior disorder. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2005; 33:66-68. (in Spanish)
- Cena H, Barthels F, Cuzzolaro M, Bratman S, Brytek-Matera A, Dunn T, Varga M, Missbach B, Donini LM. Definition and diagnostic criteria for orthorexia nervosa: a narrative review of the literature. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity 2019; 24(2):209-46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0606-y
- Donini LM, Marsili D, Graziani MP, Imbriale M, Cannella C. Orthorexia nervosa: a preliminary study with a proposal for diagnosis and an attempt to measure the dimension of the phenomenon. Eat Weight Disord 2004; 9:151-157. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03325060.
- Tibi L, Van Oppen P, Van Balkom AJ, Eikelenboom M, Hendriks G-J, Anholt GE. The relationship between cognitions and symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord 2018; 225: 495-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.072.
- Benzina N, Mallet L, Burguière E, N’diaye K, Pelissolo A. Cognitive dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2016; 18: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0720-3.
- Bratman S, Knight D. Orthorexia nervosa: Overcoming the obsession with healthful eating. Health Food Junkies. 2000; Broadway Books, New York.
- McComb SE, Mills JS. Orthorexia nervosa: A review of psychosocial risk factors. Appetite 2019; 140: 50-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.005
- Bundros J, Clifford D, Silliman K, Morris MN. Prevalence of Orthorexia nervosa among college students based on Bratman's test and associated tendencies. Appetite 2016; 101:86-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.02.144
- Bosi ATB, Camur D, Güler C. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in resident medical doctors in the faculty of medicine (Ankara, Turkey). Appetite 2007; 49:661-666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2007.04.007
- Gorrasi ISR, Bonetta S, Roppolo M, Abbate Daga G, Bo S, Tagliabue A, Ferraris C, Guglielmetti M, Arpesella M, Gaeta M. Traits of orthorexia nervosa and muscle dysmorphia in Italian university students: a multicentre study. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25: 1413-1423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00779-5
- Fidan T, Ertekin V, Işikay S, Kırpınar I. Prevalence of orthorexia among medical students in Erzurum, Turkey. Compreh psychiatry 2010; 51:49-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.03.001
- World Health Organization. Body Mass Index. Available from: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/topic-details/GHO/body-mass-index. Accessed date: 12.11.2022
- Rachman S, Hodgson R. Obsessional-compulsive complaints. Behav Res Ther 1977, 15: 389-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(77)90042-0.
- Erol N, Savaşır I. Turkish adaptation of Maudsley obsessive–compulsive inventory 1988; CGYT Publising, Istanbul. (in Turkish)
- Segura-García C, Papaianni MC, Caglioti F, Procopio L, Nisticò CG, Bombardiere L, Ammendolia A, Rizza P, De Fazio P, Capranica L. Ortho-rexia nervosa: a frequent eating disordered behavior in athletes. Eat Weight Disord 2012; 17:226-233. https://doi.org/10.3275/8272.
- Dell’Osso L, Abelli M, Carpita B, Massimetti G, Pini S, Rivetti L, Gorrasi F, Tognetti R, Ricca V, Carmassi C. Orthorexia nervosa in a sample of Italian university population. Riv psichiatr 2016; 51:190-196. https://doi.org/10.1708/2476.25888.
- Aksoydan E, Camci N. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among Turkish performance artists. Eat Weight Disord 2009; 14: 33-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03327792.
- Yeşil E, Turhan B, Tatan D, Şarahman C, Mendane S. The effect of gender to orthorexia nervosa tendency in adults. Journal of Ankara Health Sciences 2018; 7:1-9.Accessed: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/497639
- Turner PG, Lefevre CE. Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2017; 22: 277-284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-017-0364-2
- Ozge Yesildemir, Acar Tek N. A Cross-Sectional Study: Orthorexia Nervosa In Regular Exercising Individuals For Healthy Life. Progr Nutr 2022; 24(1): e2022027. https://doi.org/10.23751/pn.v24i1.11921
- Sanlier N, Yabanci N, Alyakut O. An evaluation of eating disorders among a group of Turkish university students. Appetite 2008; 51:641-645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2008.05.058
- Anil C, Aritici G, Ari H, Tutuncu NB. Prevalence of orthorexia in diabetic patients. Endocrine Abstracts, Bioscientifica 2015; 37 EP327. https://doi.org/10.1530/endoabs.37.EP327
- Dunn TM, Gibbs J, Whitney N, Starosta A. Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa is less than 1% data from a US sample. Eat Weight Disord 2017; 22:185-192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0258-8
- Oberle CD, Samaghabadi RO, Hughes EM. Orthorexia nervosa: Assessment and correlates with gender, BMI, and personality. Appetite 2017; 108:303-310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2016.10.021
- Oktar I. Opinions of teachers and administrators about Nutrition Programs Implemented in Primary Schools and Nutritional Behaviors of Students Gazi University Vocational Education Faculty Vocational Education Journal 2003; 2:1-8. (in Turkish)
- Mıchelle-ernst EM. Orthorexia nervosa: real construct or newest social trend? Doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Faculty of the Department of Psychology, 2011. Accessed: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/62770587.pdf
There are 31 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Surgery (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2023 |
| Submission Date | November 10, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | December 5, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 2 Issue: 3 |
