HSPA2 EXPRESSION PROFILE IN SALIVARY GLAND CARCINOMAS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PROGNOSTIC PARAMETERS
Abstract
Objective: There are many histopathological subtypes in salivary gland carcinomas (SGC), which cause important morbidity and mortality in terms of human health, and their distinction is difficult. Different subtypes exhibit different clinical features, adding to the complexity of diagnosis. Due to clinicopathological diversity, accurate diagnosis and determination of prognostic markers are important. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 2 (HSPA2) is defined as a potential cancer-promoting protein that is expressed at abnormal levels in different malignancies. There are not enough studies investigating HSPA2 expression in SGC. Therefore, in our study, we aimed to determine the presence of HSPA2 expression in SGC and its prognostic significance.
Material Method : 44 cases diagnosed with TBK in our department between January 2012 and 2022 were included in our study. The degree of HSPA2 expression in tumoral and non-tumoral areas and the relationship of this expression with prognostic parameters were investigated using immunohistochemical method.
Findings: In our study, stronger HSPA2 staining was observed in tumoral areas than in non-tumoral areas in all 44 cases. When the histoscore values of tumor and non-tumor areas were compared, the staining was statistically significantly stronger in tumor areas (p<0.05). Additionally, the mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with increased HSPA2 expression (p:0.026). There was no significant relationship between HSPA2 expression and patients age, gender, macroscopic tumor size, pathological stage, histological subtype, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, recurrence and metastasis (all p>0.05).
Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that HSPA2 expression in SGCs may play a role in tumor development. In addition, although no significant relationship was detected with most prognostic parameters, the finding of a significant relationship between survival and increased HSPA2 expression suggests that high HSPA2 expression in SGCs can be used as a prognostic marker.
Project Number
2022-10683
References
- Carvalho AL, Nishimoto IN, Califano JA, Kowalski LP. Trends in incidence and prognosis for head and neck cancer in the United States: a site‐specific analysis of the SEER database. International journal of cancer. 2005;114(5):806-16.
- Forman D, Brewster D, Mbalawa C. Cancer incidence in five continents vol X International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2013.
- Dix DJ, Allen JW, Collins BW, Poorman-Allen P, Mori C, Blizard DR, et al. HSP70-2 is required for desynapsis of synaptonemal complexes during meiotic prophase in juvenile and adult mouse spermatocytes. Development. 1997;124(22):4595-603.
- Dix DJ, Allen JW, Collins BW, Mori C, Nakamura N, Poorman-Allen P, et al. Targeted gene disruption of Hsp70-2 results in failed meiosis, germ cell apoptosis, and male infertility. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1996;93(8):3264-8.
- Garg M, Kanojia D, Saini S, Suri S, Gupta A, Surolia A, et al. Germ cell‐specific heat shock protein 70‐2 is expressed in cervical carcinoma and is involved in the growth, migration, and invasion of cervical cells. Cancer. 2010;116(16):3785-96.
- Garg M, Kanojia D, Seth A, Kumar R, Gupta A, Surolia A, et al. Heat-shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma is associated with tumour progression and promotes migration and invasion. European Journal of Cancer. 2010;46(1):207-15.
- Fu Y, Zhao H, Li X-S, Kang H-R, Ma J-X, Yao F-F, et al. Expression of HSPA2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance. Tumor Biology. 2014;35:11283-7.
- Scieglinska D, Gogler-Piglowska A, Butkiewicz D, Chekan M, Malusecka E, Harasim J, et al. HSPA2 is expressed in human tumors and correlates with clinical features in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients. Anticancer research. 2014;34(6):2833-40.
- EI-Naggar AK. WHO classification of head and neck tumours: International Agency; 2017.
- Terhaard CH, Lubsen H, Van der Tweel I, Hilgers F, Eijkenboom W, Marres H, et al. Salivary gland carcinoma: independent prognostic factors for locoregional control, distant metastases, and overall survival: results of the Dutch head and neck oncology cooperative group. Head & Neck: Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck. 2004;26(8):681-93.
- Nam SJ, Roh J-L, Cho K-J, Choi S-H, Nam SY, Kim SY. Risk factors and survival associated with distant metastasis in patients with carcinoma of the salivary gland. Annals of surgical oncology. 2016;23:4376-83.
- Laurie SA, Ho AL, Fury MG, Sherman E, Pfister DG. Systemic therapy in the management of metastatic or locally recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands: a systematic review. The lancet oncology. 2011;12(8):815-24.
- Boon E, van Boxtel W, Buter J, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, van Es RJ, Bel M, et al. Androgen deprivation therapy for androgen receptor‐positive advanced salivary duct carcinoma: a nationwide case series of 35 patients in The Netherlands. Head & neck. 2018;40(3):605-13.
- Bonnycastle LL, Yu C-E, Hunt CR, Trask BJ, Clancy KP, Weber JL, et al. Cloning, sequencing, and mapping of the human chromosome 14 heat shock protein gene (HSPA2). Genomics. 1994;23(1):85-93.
- Zhang H, Chen W, Duan C-J, Zhang C-F. Overexpression of HSPA2 is correlated with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World journal of surgical oncology. 2013;11:1-8.
Abstract
Amaç: İnsan sağlığı açısından önemli morbitidite ve mortalite sabebi olan tükrük bezi karsinomlarında (TBK) birçok histopatolojik alt tipi bulunmaktadır ve ayrımları zordur. Farklı alt tipler, tanının karmaşıklığına ek olarak farklı klinik özellikler sergilemektedir. Klinikopatolojik çeşitlilik nedeniyle doğru teşhis ve prognostik belirteçlerin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 2 (HSPA2) farklı malignitelerde anormal seviyelerde eksprese edildiği belirtilen potansiyel kanseri teşvik eden protein olarak tanımlanmaktadır. TBK’de HSPA2 ekspresyonunu araştıran yeterli çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu nedenle çalışmamızda TBK’de HSPA2 ekspresyonununun varlığını ve bunun prognostik önemini belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Materyal Metod: Çalışmamıza anabilim dalımızda Ocak 2012-2022 tarihleri arasında TBK tanısı konmuş 44 olgu dahil edildi. Tümöral ve non tümöral alanlarda HSPA2 ekspresyonu derecesi ve bu ekspresyonun prognostik parametreler ile ilişkisi immünhistokimyasal yöntem kullanılarak araştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda 44 olgunun tamamında HSPA2 ile boyanma izlendi. Tümörlü ve tümörsüz alanların histoskor değerleri karşılaştırıldığında istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde tümörlü alanlarda boyanma daha kuvvetliydi (p<0,05). Ayrıca artmış HSPA2 ekspresyonu izlenen hastalarda ölüm oranı belirgin derecede yüksekti (p:0,026). HSPA2 ekspresyonu ile hastaların yaşı, cinsiyeti, makroskopik tümör boyutu, patolojik evre, histolojik alt tip, lenfovasküler invazyon, perinöral invazyon, nüks ve metastaz arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (tümü p>0.05).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları TBK'lerde HSPA2 ekspresyonunun tümör gelişiminde rol oynayabileceğini akla getirmektedir. Ayrıca her ne kadar çoğu prognostik parametre ile anlamlı ilişki tespit edilmese de sağ kalım ile artmış HSPA2 ekspresyonu arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunması TBK’da yüksek HSPA2 ekspresyonunun prognostik belirteç olarak kullanılabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Project Number
2022-10683
References
- Carvalho AL, Nishimoto IN, Califano JA, Kowalski LP. Trends in incidence and prognosis for head and neck cancer in the United States: a site‐specific analysis of the SEER database. International journal of cancer. 2005;114(5):806-16.
- Forman D, Brewster D, Mbalawa C. Cancer incidence in five continents vol X International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2013.
- Dix DJ, Allen JW, Collins BW, Poorman-Allen P, Mori C, Blizard DR, et al. HSP70-2 is required for desynapsis of synaptonemal complexes during meiotic prophase in juvenile and adult mouse spermatocytes. Development. 1997;124(22):4595-603.
- Dix DJ, Allen JW, Collins BW, Mori C, Nakamura N, Poorman-Allen P, et al. Targeted gene disruption of Hsp70-2 results in failed meiosis, germ cell apoptosis, and male infertility. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1996;93(8):3264-8.
- Garg M, Kanojia D, Saini S, Suri S, Gupta A, Surolia A, et al. Germ cell‐specific heat shock protein 70‐2 is expressed in cervical carcinoma and is involved in the growth, migration, and invasion of cervical cells. Cancer. 2010;116(16):3785-96.
- Garg M, Kanojia D, Seth A, Kumar R, Gupta A, Surolia A, et al. Heat-shock protein 70-2 (HSP70-2) expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma is associated with tumour progression and promotes migration and invasion. European Journal of Cancer. 2010;46(1):207-15.
- Fu Y, Zhao H, Li X-S, Kang H-R, Ma J-X, Yao F-F, et al. Expression of HSPA2 in human hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance. Tumor Biology. 2014;35:11283-7.
- Scieglinska D, Gogler-Piglowska A, Butkiewicz D, Chekan M, Malusecka E, Harasim J, et al. HSPA2 is expressed in human tumors and correlates with clinical features in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients. Anticancer research. 2014;34(6):2833-40.
- EI-Naggar AK. WHO classification of head and neck tumours: International Agency; 2017.
- Terhaard CH, Lubsen H, Van der Tweel I, Hilgers F, Eijkenboom W, Marres H, et al. Salivary gland carcinoma: independent prognostic factors for locoregional control, distant metastases, and overall survival: results of the Dutch head and neck oncology cooperative group. Head & Neck: Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck. 2004;26(8):681-93.
- Nam SJ, Roh J-L, Cho K-J, Choi S-H, Nam SY, Kim SY. Risk factors and survival associated with distant metastasis in patients with carcinoma of the salivary gland. Annals of surgical oncology. 2016;23:4376-83.
- Laurie SA, Ho AL, Fury MG, Sherman E, Pfister DG. Systemic therapy in the management of metastatic or locally recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands: a systematic review. The lancet oncology. 2011;12(8):815-24.
- Boon E, van Boxtel W, Buter J, Baatenburg de Jong RJ, van Es RJ, Bel M, et al. Androgen deprivation therapy for androgen receptor‐positive advanced salivary duct carcinoma: a nationwide case series of 35 patients in The Netherlands. Head & neck. 2018;40(3):605-13.
- Bonnycastle LL, Yu C-E, Hunt CR, Trask BJ, Clancy KP, Weber JL, et al. Cloning, sequencing, and mapping of the human chromosome 14 heat shock protein gene (HSPA2). Genomics. 1994;23(1):85-93.
- Zhang H, Chen W, Duan C-J, Zhang C-F. Overexpression of HSPA2 is correlated with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. World journal of surgical oncology. 2013;11:1-8.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Oncologic Surgery |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 2022-10683 |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2023 |
| Submission Date | December 14, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | December 25, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 2 Issue: 3 |
