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Çocuklarda COVID-19 Hastalığı: Klinik Seyir, Tanı ve Tedaviye Genel Bakış ve Literatür Verilerinin Derlemesi

Year 2020, Issue: 2, 316 - 325, 04.06.2020

Önder Kiliçaslan Nadide Melike Sav Seda Erişen Karaca Kenan Kocabay

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.722266
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Yeni Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 olarak adlandırılmıştır ve önceki insan koronavirüslerine kıyasla oldukça bulaşıcı bir enfeksiyon ajanıdır. Önceki her salgının kendine özgü bir tehlikesi vardı. Yüksek bulaşıcılık potansiyeli, yeni koronavirüsün birincil tehlikesidir. MERS-CoV enfeksiyonunun daha yüksek mortalite oranına sahip olduğu bilinmekle birlikte, SARS-CoV-2 kısa sürede tüm dünyadaki birçok insana yayılmıştır. SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV ve MERS gibi) çocukları daha az enfekte eder ve çocuklarda yetişkinlere göre daha hafif klinik semptomlarla sonuçlanır. Birincil patogenezi bilinmemektedir; çocukların bağışıklıklarında bulunan farklar, ajana maruz kalma olasılığının daha az olması olabilir. Bununla birlikte, çoğunlukla asemptomatik olmakla birlikte, çocuk popülasyonu enfeksiyon yayılması için potansiyel bir kaynaktır.

Keywords

Çocuklar Koronavirüsler COVID-19

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

Thanks

yok

References

  • Kasmi Y, Khataby K, Souiri A, Ennaji MM. Coronaviridae: 100,000 Years of Emergence and Reemergence. Emerging and Reemerging Viral Pathogens: Elsevier; 2020. p. 127-49.
  • Lee P-I, Hsueh P-R. Emerging threats from zoonotic coronaviruses-from SARS and MERS to 2019-nCoV. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. 2020.
  • Ye Z-W, Yuan S, Yuen K-S, Fung S-Y, Chan C-P, Jin D-Y. Zoonotic origins of human coronaviruses. International Journal of Biological Sciences. 2020;16(10):1686.
  • Liu Y, Yang Y, Zhang C, Huang F, Wang F, Yuan J, et al. Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury. Sci China Life Sci. 2020;63(3):364-74.
  • Chiu SS, Hung Chan K, Wing Chu K, Kwan SW, Guan Y, Man Poon LL, et al. Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong, China. Clinical infectious diseases. 2005;40(12):1721-9.
  • Thumerelle C, Deschildre A, Bouquillon C, Santos C, Sardet A, Scalbert M, et al. Role of viruses and atypical bacteria in exacerbations of asthma in hospitalized children: a prospective study in the Nord-Pas de Calais region (France). Pediatr Pulmonol. 2003;35(2):75-82.
  • Wang M, Yan M, Xu H, Liang W, Kan B, Zheng B, et al. SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet. Emerging infectious diseases. 2005;11(12):1860.
  • Shi Z, Hu Z. A review of studies on animal reservoirs of the SARS coronavirus. Virus research. 2008;133(1):74-87.
  • De Wit E, van Doremalen N, Falzarano D, Munster VJ. SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2016;14(8):523.
  • Luk HK, Li X, Fung J, Lau SK, Woo PC. Molecular epidemiology, evolution and phylogeny of SARS coronavirus. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2019.
  • Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020;20:00-.
  • De Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric RS, Brown CS, Drosten C, Enjuanes L, et al. Commentary: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group. Journal of virology. 2013;87(14):7790-2.
  • Ommeh S, Zhang W, Zohaib A, Chen J, Zhang H, Hu B, et al. Genetic evidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and widespread seroprevalence among camels in Kenya. Virologica Sinica. 2018;33(6):484-92.
  • Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-statement-on-ihremergency-committee-on-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov). Accessed 3/3/2020.
  • Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, To KK-W, Chu H, Yang J, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):514-23.
  • Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924.
  • Meo SA, Alhowikan AM, Al-Khlaiwi T, Meo IM, Halepoto DM, Iqbal M, et al. Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics comparison with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020;24(4):2012-9.
  • Wu JT, Leung K, Leung GM. Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10225):689-97.
  • Yuan H, Cao X, Ji X, Du F, Zhou X, He J, et al. A Current Emerging Respiratory Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis and Treatments of COVID-19. Diagnosis and Treatments of COVID-19 (3/6/2020). 2020.
  • COVID C. Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—United States, February 12–March 16, 2020.
  • COVID, CDC Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children — United States, February 12–April 2, 2020 www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6914e4.htm.
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama. 2020.
  • Cui Y, Tian M, Huang D, Wang X, Huang Y, Fan L, et al. A 55-Day-Old Female Infant Infected With 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease: Presenting With Pneumonia, Liver Injury, and Heart Damage. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020.
  • Tang A, Tong Z, Wang H, Dai Y, Li K, Liu J, et al. Detection of Novel Coronavirus by RT-PCR in Stool Specimen from Asymptomatic Child, China. Emerging infectious diseases. 2020;26(6).
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Jama. 2020.
  • Pan F, Ye T, Sun P, Gui S, Liang B, Li L, et al. Time course of lung changes on chest CT during recovery from 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia. Radiology. 2020:200370.
  • Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, Qi X, Jiang F, Jiang Z, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China. Pediatrics. 2020.
  • Lu X, Zhang L, Du H, Zhang J, Li YY, Qu J, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020.
  • Novel CPERE. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi= Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi. 2020;41(2):145.
  • Guan W-j, Ni Z-y, Hu Y, Liang W-h, Ou C-q, He J-x, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020.
  • Xia W, Shao J, Guo Y, Peng X, Li Z, Hu D. Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID‐19 infection: Different points from adults. Pediatric pulmonology. 2020.
  • Feng K, Yun YX, Wang XF, Yang GD, Zheng YJ, Lin CM, et al. [Analysis of CT features of 15 Children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2020;58(0):E007.
  • Li W, Cui H, Li K, Fang Y, Li S. Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection. Pediatric radiology. 2020:1-4.
  • Virkki R, Juven T, Rikalainen H, Svedström E, Mertsola J, Ruuskanen O. Differentiation of bacterial and viral pneumonia in children. Thorax. 2002;57(5):438-41.
  • Hon K, Leung C, Cheng W, Chan P, Chu W, Kwan Y, et al. Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children. The Lancet. 2003;361(9370):1701-3.
  • Sun D, Li H, Lu XX, Xiao H, Ren J, Zhang FR, et al. Clinical features of severe pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan: a single center's observational study. World J Pediatr. 2020.
  • Wang D, Ju XL, Xie F, Lu Y, Li FY, Huang HH, et al. [Clinical analysis of 31 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children from six provinces (autonomous region) of northern China]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2020;58(4):E011.
  • Chim SS, Tong Y-K, Hung EC, Chiu RW, Lo YD. Genomic sequencing of a SARS coronavirus isolate that predated the Metropole Hotel case cluster in Hong Kong. Clinical chemistry. 2004;50(1):231-3.
  • Zhao J, Yuan Q, Wang H, Liu W, Liao X, Su Y, et al. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2020.
  • Chen Z-M, Fu J-F, Shu Q, Chen Y-H, Hua C-Z, Li F-B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus. World Journal of Pediatrics. 2020:1-7.
  • Available from: World Health Organization. WHO interim guidance on clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected. 2020. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330893. Accessed March 5, 2020.
  • Zumla A, Chan JF, Azhar EI, Hui DS, Yuen K-Y. Coronaviruses—drug discovery and therapeutic options. Nature reviews Drug discovery. 2016;15(5):327.
  • Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Homoud AH, Memish ZA. Remdesivir as a possible therapeutic option for the COVID-19. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020:101615.
  • Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, Yang X, Liu J, Xu M, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2020;30(3):269-71.
  • Ahmed SF, Quadeer AA, McKay MR. Preliminary Identification of Potential Vaccine Targets for the COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Based on SARS-CoV Immunological Studies. Viruses. 2020;12(3).
  • Prompetchara E, Ketloy C, Palaga T. Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2020;38(1):1-9.
  • Shanmugaraj B, Siriwattananon K, Wangkanont K, Phoolcharoen W. Perspectives on monoclonal antibody therapy as potential therapeutic intervention for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2020;38(1):10-8.
  • Li W, Moore MJ, Vasilieva N, Sui J, Wong SK, Berne MA, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature. 2003;426(6965):450-4.
  • Song W, Gui M, Wang X, Xiang Y. Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2. PLoS Pathog. 2018;14(8):e1007236.
  • Wrapp D, Wang N, Corbett KS, Goldsmith JA, Hsieh CL, Abiona O, et al. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Science. 2020;367(6483):1260-3.

COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation

Year 2020, Issue: 2, 316 - 325, 04.06.2020

Önder Kiliçaslan Nadide Melike Sav Seda Erişen Karaca Kenan Kocabay

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.722266
Cited By: 1

Abstract

When compared with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious infection agent. Although MERS-CoV infection is known to have higher mortality, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to many people all over the world in a very short time. In addition to this, SARS-CoV-2 (like SARS-CoV and MERS) infects less children and results in milder clinic than in adults. Although the reason of it is not known, difference in their immunities or being less likely to be exposed to the source of the infection is thought to be the reason. However, it should not be forgotten that children can contribute to the spread of infection among adults and population, along with being mostly asymptomatic.

Keywords

Children COVİD-19 Overview

Project Number

yok

References

  • Kasmi Y, Khataby K, Souiri A, Ennaji MM. Coronaviridae: 100,000 Years of Emergence and Reemergence. Emerging and Reemerging Viral Pathogens: Elsevier; 2020. p. 127-49.
  • Lee P-I, Hsueh P-R. Emerging threats from zoonotic coronaviruses-from SARS and MERS to 2019-nCoV. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. 2020.
  • Ye Z-W, Yuan S, Yuen K-S, Fung S-Y, Chan C-P, Jin D-Y. Zoonotic origins of human coronaviruses. International Journal of Biological Sciences. 2020;16(10):1686.
  • Liu Y, Yang Y, Zhang C, Huang F, Wang F, Yuan J, et al. Clinical and biochemical indexes from 2019-nCoV infected patients linked to viral loads and lung injury. Sci China Life Sci. 2020;63(3):364-74.
  • Chiu SS, Hung Chan K, Wing Chu K, Kwan SW, Guan Y, Man Poon LL, et al. Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong, China. Clinical infectious diseases. 2005;40(12):1721-9.
  • Thumerelle C, Deschildre A, Bouquillon C, Santos C, Sardet A, Scalbert M, et al. Role of viruses and atypical bacteria in exacerbations of asthma in hospitalized children: a prospective study in the Nord-Pas de Calais region (France). Pediatr Pulmonol. 2003;35(2):75-82.
  • Wang M, Yan M, Xu H, Liang W, Kan B, Zheng B, et al. SARS-CoV infection in a restaurant from palm civet. Emerging infectious diseases. 2005;11(12):1860.
  • Shi Z, Hu Z. A review of studies on animal reservoirs of the SARS coronavirus. Virus research. 2008;133(1):74-87.
  • De Wit E, van Doremalen N, Falzarano D, Munster VJ. SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2016;14(8):523.
  • Luk HK, Li X, Fung J, Lau SK, Woo PC. Molecular epidemiology, evolution and phylogeny of SARS coronavirus. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2019.
  • Zimmermann P, Curtis N. Coronavirus Infections in Children Including COVID-19. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2020;20:00-.
  • De Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric RS, Brown CS, Drosten C, Enjuanes L, et al. Commentary: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): announcement of the Coronavirus Study Group. Journal of virology. 2013;87(14):7790-2.
  • Ommeh S, Zhang W, Zohaib A, Chen J, Zhang H, Hu B, et al. Genetic evidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and widespread seroprevalence among camels in Kenya. Virologica Sinica. 2018;33(6):484-92.
  • Available from: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-statement-on-ihremergency-committee-on-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov). Accessed 3/3/2020.
  • Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, To KK-W, Chu H, Yang J, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. The Lancet. 2020;395(10223):514-23.
  • Lai CC, Shih TP, Ko WC, Tang HJ, Hsueh PR. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;55(3):105924.
  • Meo SA, Alhowikan AM, Al-Khlaiwi T, Meo IM, Halepoto DM, Iqbal M, et al. Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV: prevalence, biological and clinical characteristics comparison with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020;24(4):2012-9.
  • Wu JT, Leung K, Leung GM. Nowcasting and forecasting the potential domestic and international spread of the 2019-nCoV outbreak originating in Wuhan, China: a modelling study. The Lancet. 2020;395(10225):689-97.
  • Yuan H, Cao X, Ji X, Du F, Zhou X, He J, et al. A Current Emerging Respiratory Infection: Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis and Treatments of COVID-19. Diagnosis and Treatments of COVID-19 (3/6/2020). 2020.
  • COVID C. Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—United States, February 12–March 16, 2020.
  • COVID, CDC Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Children — United States, February 12–April 2, 2020 www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6914e4.htm.
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama. 2020.
  • Cui Y, Tian M, Huang D, Wang X, Huang Y, Fan L, et al. A 55-Day-Old Female Infant Infected With 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease: Presenting With Pneumonia, Liver Injury, and Heart Damage. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020.
  • Tang A, Tong Z, Wang H, Dai Y, Li K, Liu J, et al. Detection of Novel Coronavirus by RT-PCR in Stool Specimen from Asymptomatic Child, China. Emerging infectious diseases. 2020;26(6).
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus–infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Jama. 2020.
  • Pan F, Ye T, Sun P, Gui S, Liang B, Li L, et al. Time course of lung changes on chest CT during recovery from 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia. Radiology. 2020:200370.
  • Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, Qi X, Jiang F, Jiang Z, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China. Pediatrics. 2020.
  • Lu X, Zhang L, Du H, Zhang J, Li YY, Qu J, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020.
  • Novel CPERE. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) in China. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi= Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi. 2020;41(2):145.
  • Guan W-j, Ni Z-y, Hu Y, Liang W-h, Ou C-q, He J-x, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England Journal of Medicine. 2020.
  • Xia W, Shao J, Guo Y, Peng X, Li Z, Hu D. Clinical and CT features in pediatric patients with COVID‐19 infection: Different points from adults. Pediatric pulmonology. 2020.
  • Feng K, Yun YX, Wang XF, Yang GD, Zheng YJ, Lin CM, et al. [Analysis of CT features of 15 Children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2020;58(0):E007.
  • Li W, Cui H, Li K, Fang Y, Li S. Chest computed tomography in children with COVID-19 respiratory infection. Pediatric radiology. 2020:1-4.
  • Virkki R, Juven T, Rikalainen H, Svedström E, Mertsola J, Ruuskanen O. Differentiation of bacterial and viral pneumonia in children. Thorax. 2002;57(5):438-41.
  • Hon K, Leung C, Cheng W, Chan P, Chu W, Kwan Y, et al. Clinical presentations and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome in children. The Lancet. 2003;361(9370):1701-3.
  • Sun D, Li H, Lu XX, Xiao H, Ren J, Zhang FR, et al. Clinical features of severe pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan: a single center's observational study. World J Pediatr. 2020.
  • Wang D, Ju XL, Xie F, Lu Y, Li FY, Huang HH, et al. [Clinical analysis of 31 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children from six provinces (autonomous region) of northern China]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2020;58(4):E011.
  • Chim SS, Tong Y-K, Hung EC, Chiu RW, Lo YD. Genomic sequencing of a SARS coronavirus isolate that predated the Metropole Hotel case cluster in Hong Kong. Clinical chemistry. 2004;50(1):231-3.
  • Zhao J, Yuan Q, Wang H, Liu W, Liao X, Su Y, et al. Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in patients of novel coronavirus disease 2019. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2020.
  • Chen Z-M, Fu J-F, Shu Q, Chen Y-H, Hua C-Z, Li F-B, et al. Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus. World Journal of Pediatrics. 2020:1-7.
  • Available from: World Health Organization. WHO interim guidance on clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected. 2020. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330893. Accessed March 5, 2020.
  • Zumla A, Chan JF, Azhar EI, Hui DS, Yuen K-Y. Coronaviruses—drug discovery and therapeutic options. Nature reviews Drug discovery. 2016;15(5):327.
  • Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Homoud AH, Memish ZA. Remdesivir as a possible therapeutic option for the COVID-19. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020:101615.
  • Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, Yang X, Liu J, Xu M, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2020;30(3):269-71.
  • Ahmed SF, Quadeer AA, McKay MR. Preliminary Identification of Potential Vaccine Targets for the COVID-19 Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Based on SARS-CoV Immunological Studies. Viruses. 2020;12(3).
  • Prompetchara E, Ketloy C, Palaga T. Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2020;38(1):1-9.
  • Shanmugaraj B, Siriwattananon K, Wangkanont K, Phoolcharoen W. Perspectives on monoclonal antibody therapy as potential therapeutic intervention for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2020;38(1):10-8.
  • Li W, Moore MJ, Vasilieva N, Sui J, Wong SK, Berne MA, et al. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a functional receptor for the SARS coronavirus. Nature. 2003;426(6965):450-4.
  • Song W, Gui M, Wang X, Xiang Y. Cryo-EM structure of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein in complex with its host cell receptor ACE2. PLoS Pathog. 2018;14(8):e1007236.
  • Wrapp D, Wang N, Corbett KS, Goldsmith JA, Hsieh CL, Abiona O, et al. Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation. Science. 2020;367(6483):1260-3.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Reviews
Authors

Önder Kiliçaslan 0000-0002-9311-006X

Nadide Melike Sav

Seda Erişen Karaca 0000-0002-8899-8412

Kenan Kocabay 0000-0002-4030-1145

Project Number yok
Publication Date June 4, 2020
Acceptance Date May 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kiliçaslan, Ö., Sav, N. M., Erişen Karaca, S., Kocabay, K. (2020). COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation. Konuralp Medical Journal, 12(2), 316-325. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.722266
AMA Kiliçaslan Ö, Sav NM, Erişen Karaca S, Kocabay K. COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation. Konuralp Medical Journal. June 2020;12(2):316-325. doi:10.18521/ktd.722266
Chicago Kiliçaslan, Önder, Nadide Melike Sav, Seda Erişen Karaca, and Kenan Kocabay. “COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation”. Konuralp Medical Journal 12, no. 2 (June 2020): 316-25. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.722266.
EndNote Kiliçaslan Ö, Sav NM, Erişen Karaca S, Kocabay K (June 1, 2020) COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation. Konuralp Medical Journal 12 2 316–325.
IEEE Ö. Kiliçaslan, N. M. Sav, S. Erişen Karaca, and K. Kocabay, “COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation”, Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 316–325, 2020, doi: 10.18521/ktd.722266.
ISNAD Kiliçaslan, Önder et al. “COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation”. Konuralp Medical Journal 12/2 (June 2020), 316-325. https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.722266.
JAMA Kiliçaslan Ö, Sav NM, Erişen Karaca S, Kocabay K. COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2020;12:316–325.
MLA Kiliçaslan, Önder et al. “COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation”. Konuralp Medical Journal, vol. 12, no. 2, 2020, pp. 316-25, doi:10.18521/ktd.722266.
Vancouver Kiliçaslan Ö, Sav NM, Erişen Karaca S, Kocabay K. COVID-19 Disease in Children: Clinical Course, Diagnosis and Treatment Overview and Literature Data Compilation. Konuralp Medical Journal. 2020;12(2):316-25.

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Potential Immunological Treatments in COVID-19 Patients
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https://doi.org/10.18678/dtfd.856165