Research Article
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Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 7 - 11, 20.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.411483

Abstract

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Sexual health: Working definitions (2002) www.who.International/reproductivehealth/gender/sexual_health.html (accessed November of 19,2012)2. Brtnicka H,Weiss P, Zverina J. Human sexuality during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Bratisl Lek Listy 2009;110:427-31.3. Kadri N, McHichi Alami KH, et al. Sexual dysfunction in women: population based epidemiological study. Arch Women Ment Health 2002;5:59-63. 4. Oberg K, Fugl-Meyer AR, Fugl-Meyer KS. On categorizati¬on and quantification of women’s sexual dysfunctions:An epidemiological approach. Int J Impot Res 2004;6:261-9.5. Derogatis LR, Burnett AL. The epidemiology of sexual dysfunctions. J Sex Med.2008;5:2:289-300.6. Sexual disabilities and sexual problems. In: Fugl-Meyer KS, ed. Sex in Sweden. Stockholm: Swedish National Institute of Health 2000;199-216.7. West SL, D'Aloisio AA, Agans RP, Kalsbeek WD, Borisov NN, Thorp JM. Prevalence of low sexual desire and hypoactive sexual desire disorder in a nationally representative sample of US women. Arch Intern Med. 2008;14;168:13:1441-9.8. Von Sydow K. Sexuality during pregnancy and after childbirth: A metacontent analysis of 59 studies. J Psychosom Res 1999;47:27-49.9. Brown S, Lumley J. Maternal health after childbirth: results of an Australian population based survey. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;105:156-61.10. Barrett G, Pendry E, Peacock J, Victor C, Thakar R, Manyonda I. Women’s sexual health after childbirth. BJOG 2000;107:186-95.11. Signorello LB, Harlow BL, Chekos AK, Repke JT. Postpartum sexual functioning and its relationship to perineal trauma: a retrospective cohort study of primiparous women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;184:881-8.12. DeJudicibus MA, McCabe MP. Psychological factors and the sexuality of pregnant and postpartum women. J Sex Res 2002;39:94-103.13. Thompson JF, Roberts CL, Currie M, Ellwood DA. Prevalence and persistence of health problems after childbirth: associations with parity and method of birth. Birth 2002;29:83-94.14. Ejegard H, Ryding EL, Sjogren B. Sexuality after delivery with episiotomy: a long-term follow-up. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2008;66:1-7.15. Klein K, Worda C, Leipold H, Gruber C, Husslein P, Wenzl R. Does the mode of delivery influence sexual function after childbirth? J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2009;18:1227-31.16. Boroumandfar K, Rahmati MG, Farajzadegan Z, Hoseini H. Reviewing sexual function after delivery and its association with some of the reproductive factors. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2010;15:220-3.17. World Health Organization (1985) Appropriate technology for birth. Lancet 2:436-7.18. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey-2008; Hacettepe Institute of Population Studies, Ministry of Health, 2008. www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2008/index.htm19. Arıkan D.C, Coskun A., Kiran H. Turkish obstetricians’ personal preference for mode of delivery and attitude toward cesarean delivery on maternal request. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:543-9.20. Glazener CMA. Sexual function after childbirth: women’s experiences, persistent morbidity and lack of professional recognition. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:330-5. 21. Hannah ME, Whyte H, Hannah WJ, Hewson S, Amankwah K, Cheng M et al. Term Breech Trial Collaborative Group. Maternal outcomes at 2 years after planned cesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for breech presentation at term: the international randomized Term Breech Trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191(3):917-27.22. Woranitat W, Taneepanichskul S. Sexual function during the postpartum period. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90(9):1744-8.23. Connolly A, Thorp J, Pahel L. Effects of pregnancy and childbirth on postpartum sexual function: A longitudinal prospective study. Int Urogynecol J 2005;16:263-7.24. Pauls RN, Occhino JA, Dryfhout VL. Effects of pregnancy on female sexual function and body image: A prospective study. J Sex Med 2008;5:1915-22.25. Gungor S, Baser I, Ceyhan S, Karasahin E, Acikel CH. Mode of delivery and subsequent long-term sexual function of primiparous women. Int J Impot Res 2007;19(4):358-65.26. Boroumandfar K, Rahmati MG, Farajzadegan Z, Hoseini H. Reviewing sexual function after delivery and its association with some of the reproductive factors. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2010;15:4:220-3.27. Shirvani MA, Nesami MB, Bavand M. Maternal sexuality after child birth among Iranian women. Pak J Biol Sci. 2010;15;13:8:385-9.28. Hannah ME, Hannah WJ, Hodnett ED, Chalmers B, Kung R, Willan A, et al. Term Breech Trial 3-Month Follow-up Collaborative Group. Outcomes at 3 monthsfter planned cesarean vs planned vaginal delivery for breech presentation at term: the a international randomized Term Breech Trial. JAMA. 2002;10;287:14:1822-31.29. Hosseini L, Iran-Pour E, Safarinejad MR. Sexual function of primiparouswomen after elective cesarean section and normal vaginal delivery. Urol J 2012;9(2):498-504.30. Griffiths A, Watermeyer S, Sidhu K, Amso NN, Nix B. Female genital tract morbidity and sexual function following vaginal delivery or lower segment caesarean section. J Obstet Gynaecol 2006;26(7):645-9.31. Chang SR, Chang TC, Chen KH, Lin HH (2010) Sexual function in women 3 days and 6 weeks after childbirth: a prospective longitudinal study using the Taiwan version of the Female Sexual Function Index. J Sex Med 7(12):3946-56.32. Klein MC, Gauthier RJ, Robbins JM, Kaczorowski J, Jorgensen SH, Franco ED et al. Relationship of episiotomy to perineal trauma and morbidity, sexual dysfunction, and pelvic floor relaxation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;171(3):591-8.33. Dean N, Wilson D, Herbison P, Glazener C, Aung T, Macarthur C. Sexual function, delivery mode history, pelvic floor muscle exercises and incontinence: A cross-sectional study six years postpartum. AustNZ J Obstet Gynaecol 2008;48:302-11.34. Kahramanoglu I, Baktiroglu M, Hamzaoglu K, Kahramanoglu O, Verit FF, Yucel O. The impact of mode of delivery on the sexual function of primiparous women: a prospective study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2017;295(4):907-916. 35. Rathfisch G, Dikencik BK, Kizilkaya Beji N, Comert N, Tekirdag AI, Kadioglu A. Effects of perineal trauma on postpartum sexual function. J Adv Nurs 2010;66(12):2640-9.36. Baksu B, Davas I, Agar E, Akyol A, Varolan A. The effect of mode of delivery on postpartum sexual functioning in primiparous women. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2007;184:401-6.37. McGahuey CA, Gelenberg AJ, Laukes CA, Moreno FA, Delgado PL. The Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX): Reliability and Validity. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 2000;26:25-40.38. Fan D, Li S, Wang W, Tian G, Liu L, Wu S, Guo X, Liu Z. Sexual dysfunction and mode of delivery in Chinese primiparous women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2017;17:408.39. Saydam BK, Demireloz Akyuz M, Sogukpinar N, Ceber Turfan E. Effect of delivery method on sexual dysfunction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017;12:1-5. 40. Gun I, Dogan B, Ozdamar O. Long-and short-term complications of episiotomy. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;13(3):144-8. 41. Ghorat F, Esfehani RJ, Sharifzadeh M, Tabarraei Y, Aghahosseini SS. Long term effect of vaginal delivery and cesarean section on female sexual function in primipara mothers. Electron Physician 2017;25;9(3):3991-6. 42. Rezaei N, Azadi A, Sayehmiri K, Valizadeh R. Postpartum Sexual Functioning and Its Predicting Factors among Iranian Women. Malays J Med Sci. 2017;24(1):94-103.

Mode of Delivery and Number of Children Effect on Sexual Function

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 7 - 11, 20.04.2018
https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.411483

Abstract



Objective: To reveal the effect of the
delivery mode (vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery) and the number of children
on sexual function.



Methods: Eightywomen who applied to our
clinic for routine gynecological control between July 2017 and January 2018 were
included in the study. Age of women’s, parity, demographic analysis andArizona
Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) were done. The patients were divided into four
groups: group I only had one vaginal delivery, group II only one cesarean
delivery, group III two/three vaginal deliveries, group IV two/three cesarean
deliveries.



Results: We found significantly lower ASEX
scores in the cesarean delivery andone child group (p=0,000). When the groups
were examined; ASEX scores were respectively; I 14,45 - II 11,65 - III 17,35 -
IV 14,15 (p=0,000). Finally vaginal delivery and having more than one child has
created a tendency to have female sexual dysfunction.



Conclusion: Even though we found in our study there is no clear
evidence in the literature that cesarean delivery might be protective for the
development of female sexual dysfunction. There is need of randomized,
well-controlled, long-term studies. Sexual dysfunction is a relatively common
health problem and efforts to recognize and treat this problem should not focus
only on delivery mode.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Sexual health: Working definitions (2002) www.who.International/reproductivehealth/gender/sexual_health.html (accessed November of 19,2012)2. Brtnicka H,Weiss P, Zverina J. Human sexuality during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Bratisl Lek Listy 2009;110:427-31.3. Kadri N, McHichi Alami KH, et al. Sexual dysfunction in women: population based epidemiological study. Arch Women Ment Health 2002;5:59-63. 4. Oberg K, Fugl-Meyer AR, Fugl-Meyer KS. On categorizati¬on and quantification of women’s sexual dysfunctions:An epidemiological approach. Int J Impot Res 2004;6:261-9.5. Derogatis LR, Burnett AL. The epidemiology of sexual dysfunctions. J Sex Med.2008;5:2:289-300.6. Sexual disabilities and sexual problems. In: Fugl-Meyer KS, ed. Sex in Sweden. Stockholm: Swedish National Institute of Health 2000;199-216.7. West SL, D'Aloisio AA, Agans RP, Kalsbeek WD, Borisov NN, Thorp JM. Prevalence of low sexual desire and hypoactive sexual desire disorder in a nationally representative sample of US women. Arch Intern Med. 2008;14;168:13:1441-9.8. Von Sydow K. Sexuality during pregnancy and after childbirth: A metacontent analysis of 59 studies. J Psychosom Res 1999;47:27-49.9. Brown S, Lumley J. Maternal health after childbirth: results of an Australian population based survey. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998;105:156-61.10. Barrett G, Pendry E, Peacock J, Victor C, Thakar R, Manyonda I. Women’s sexual health after childbirth. BJOG 2000;107:186-95.11. Signorello LB, Harlow BL, Chekos AK, Repke JT. Postpartum sexual functioning and its relationship to perineal trauma: a retrospective cohort study of primiparous women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001;184:881-8.12. DeJudicibus MA, McCabe MP. Psychological factors and the sexuality of pregnant and postpartum women. J Sex Res 2002;39:94-103.13. Thompson JF, Roberts CL, Currie M, Ellwood DA. Prevalence and persistence of health problems after childbirth: associations with parity and method of birth. Birth 2002;29:83-94.14. Ejegard H, Ryding EL, Sjogren B. Sexuality after delivery with episiotomy: a long-term follow-up. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2008;66:1-7.15. Klein K, Worda C, Leipold H, Gruber C, Husslein P, Wenzl R. Does the mode of delivery influence sexual function after childbirth? J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2009;18:1227-31.16. Boroumandfar K, Rahmati MG, Farajzadegan Z, Hoseini H. Reviewing sexual function after delivery and its association with some of the reproductive factors. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2010;15:220-3.17. World Health Organization (1985) Appropriate technology for birth. Lancet 2:436-7.18. Turkey Demographic and Health Survey-2008; Hacettepe Institute of Population Studies, Ministry of Health, 2008. www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2008/index.htm19. Arıkan D.C, Coskun A., Kiran H. Turkish obstetricians’ personal preference for mode of delivery and attitude toward cesarean delivery on maternal request. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:543-9.20. Glazener CMA. Sexual function after childbirth: women’s experiences, persistent morbidity and lack of professional recognition. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:330-5. 21. Hannah ME, Whyte H, Hannah WJ, Hewson S, Amankwah K, Cheng M et al. Term Breech Trial Collaborative Group. Maternal outcomes at 2 years after planned cesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for breech presentation at term: the international randomized Term Breech Trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191(3):917-27.22. Woranitat W, Taneepanichskul S. Sexual function during the postpartum period. J Med Assoc Thai 2007;90(9):1744-8.23. Connolly A, Thorp J, Pahel L. Effects of pregnancy and childbirth on postpartum sexual function: A longitudinal prospective study. Int Urogynecol J 2005;16:263-7.24. Pauls RN, Occhino JA, Dryfhout VL. Effects of pregnancy on female sexual function and body image: A prospective study. J Sex Med 2008;5:1915-22.25. Gungor S, Baser I, Ceyhan S, Karasahin E, Acikel CH. Mode of delivery and subsequent long-term sexual function of primiparous women. Int J Impot Res 2007;19(4):358-65.26. Boroumandfar K, Rahmati MG, Farajzadegan Z, Hoseini H. Reviewing sexual function after delivery and its association with some of the reproductive factors. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2010;15:4:220-3.27. Shirvani MA, Nesami MB, Bavand M. Maternal sexuality after child birth among Iranian women. Pak J Biol Sci. 2010;15;13:8:385-9.28. Hannah ME, Hannah WJ, Hodnett ED, Chalmers B, Kung R, Willan A, et al. Term Breech Trial 3-Month Follow-up Collaborative Group. Outcomes at 3 monthsfter planned cesarean vs planned vaginal delivery for breech presentation at term: the a international randomized Term Breech Trial. JAMA. 2002;10;287:14:1822-31.29. Hosseini L, Iran-Pour E, Safarinejad MR. Sexual function of primiparouswomen after elective cesarean section and normal vaginal delivery. Urol J 2012;9(2):498-504.30. Griffiths A, Watermeyer S, Sidhu K, Amso NN, Nix B. Female genital tract morbidity and sexual function following vaginal delivery or lower segment caesarean section. J Obstet Gynaecol 2006;26(7):645-9.31. Chang SR, Chang TC, Chen KH, Lin HH (2010) Sexual function in women 3 days and 6 weeks after childbirth: a prospective longitudinal study using the Taiwan version of the Female Sexual Function Index. J Sex Med 7(12):3946-56.32. Klein MC, Gauthier RJ, Robbins JM, Kaczorowski J, Jorgensen SH, Franco ED et al. Relationship of episiotomy to perineal trauma and morbidity, sexual dysfunction, and pelvic floor relaxation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;171(3):591-8.33. Dean N, Wilson D, Herbison P, Glazener C, Aung T, Macarthur C. Sexual function, delivery mode history, pelvic floor muscle exercises and incontinence: A cross-sectional study six years postpartum. AustNZ J Obstet Gynaecol 2008;48:302-11.34. Kahramanoglu I, Baktiroglu M, Hamzaoglu K, Kahramanoglu O, Verit FF, Yucel O. The impact of mode of delivery on the sexual function of primiparous women: a prospective study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2017;295(4):907-916. 35. Rathfisch G, Dikencik BK, Kizilkaya Beji N, Comert N, Tekirdag AI, Kadioglu A. Effects of perineal trauma on postpartum sexual function. J Adv Nurs 2010;66(12):2640-9.36. Baksu B, Davas I, Agar E, Akyol A, Varolan A. The effect of mode of delivery on postpartum sexual functioning in primiparous women. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2007;184:401-6.37. McGahuey CA, Gelenberg AJ, Laukes CA, Moreno FA, Delgado PL. The Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX): Reliability and Validity. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy 2000;26:25-40.38. Fan D, Li S, Wang W, Tian G, Liu L, Wu S, Guo X, Liu Z. Sexual dysfunction and mode of delivery in Chinese primiparous women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2017;17:408.39. Saydam BK, Demireloz Akyuz M, Sogukpinar N, Ceber Turfan E. Effect of delivery method on sexual dysfunction. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017;12:1-5. 40. Gun I, Dogan B, Ozdamar O. Long-and short-term complications of episiotomy. Turk J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;13(3):144-8. 41. Ghorat F, Esfehani RJ, Sharifzadeh M, Tabarraei Y, Aghahosseini SS. Long term effect of vaginal delivery and cesarean section on female sexual function in primipara mothers. Electron Physician 2017;25;9(3):3991-6. 42. Rezaei N, Azadi A, Sayehmiri K, Valizadeh R. Postpartum Sexual Functioning and Its Predicting Factors among Iranian Women. Malays J Med Sci. 2017;24(1):94-103.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research articles
Authors

Deha Denizhan Keskin

Publication Date April 20, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Keskin DD. Mode of Delivery and Number of Children Effect on Sexual Function. Mid Blac Sea J Health Sci. 2018;4(1):7-11.

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