Research Article
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Examining the Effect of Weather Conditions on On-Street Parking Variables

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1), 406 - 421, 31.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1292308

Abstract

In this study, the effect of weather conditions on on-street parking variables is examined. In this context, data sets consist of 17 variables such as parking capacity, employee personnel, off-duty personnel, turn-over rate, first-hour parking price, daily parking price, number of transactions, number of cash transactions, average cash parking duration, 0-15 min parking duration, average parking duration, number of subscription, parking subscription price, daily transactions of subscription, subscription parking duration and income on the on-street parking spaces in the Anatolian Side of Istanbul for two years (2017-2018). In this study, turnover rate, parking duration, cash parking duration, and parking income variables are investigated by multiple regression analysis with dummy variables. Daily general weather data during this period are classified into 11 categories as sunny, cloudy, partly cloudy, light rain, rain, short-term heavy rainfall, heavy rainfall, light snow, light snowfall, snow, and a heavy snowstorm- as dummy variables. Based on the estimation results, it is found that both sunny and light snow + light snowfall + snow + heavy snowstorm weather variables decrease parking duration by 0.528 and 1.293 min, respectively. Moreover, results also indicated that the same variables increase cash parking duration by 1.21 and 3.29 min, respectively. Both sunny and cloudy + partly cloudy weather variables increase parking income by 719 TL and 580 TL, respectively. Light snow + light snowfall + snow + heavy snowstorm weather variable decreases parking income by 1143 TL.

Thanks

The authors would like to thank ISPARK’s managers and employees who provided data support for the study.

References

  • Arnott, R. & İnci, E. (2010). The stability of downtown parking and traffic congestion. Journal of Urban Economics, Vol. 68, No.3, 260-276.
  • Arnott, R., İnci, E. & Rowse, J. (2015). Downtown curbside parking capacity. Journal of Urban Economics, Vol.86, 83-97.
  • Ayala, D., Wolfson, O., Xu, B., Dasgupta, B. & Lin, J. (2011). Parking slot assignment games. 19th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems.
  • Ayala, D., Wolfson, O., Xu, B., Dasgupta, B. & Lin, J. (2012). Parking in competitive settings: A gravitational approach. Proceedings – IEEE 13th International Conference on Mobile Data Management, MDM, 27-32.
  • Azari, K. A., Arintono, S., Hamid, H., Atiq, R. & Rahmat, O. K. (2013). Modelling demand under parking and cordon pricing policy. Transport Policy, No. 25, 1-9.
  • Barter, P. (2016). On-Street Parking Management - An International Toolkit, Sustainable Urban Transport Technical Document #14.
  • Barter, P. (2018). Promising urban parking policy innovation - international policy agendas and trends of possible relevance for German cities. Breakfast Meeting, Agora Verkehrswende, Berlin.
  • Concas, S. & Nayak, N. (2012). A meta-analysis of parking price elasticity. In: Proceedings of the TRB Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.
  • Demir, A. & Çavdar, A. (2008). On-street parking technologies and Istanbul application. OTEKON'08-4. The Congress of Automotive Technologies, Proceedings Book, 645-653, Bursa, [in Turkish].
  • Demir, A. (2019). Investigation of user’s behaviors in paid on-street parking in İstanbul. Teknik Dergi, 30 (3), DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.366692.
  • Gillen, D.W. (1977). Estimation and specification of the effects of parking costs on urban transport mode choice. J. Urban Econ. 4, 186-199.
  • Goyal, S. K. & Gomes, L. F. A. M. (1984). A model for allocating car parking spaces in universities. Transportation Research Part B, 18 (3), 267-269.
  • Gragera, A. & Albalate, D. (2016). The impact of curbside parking regulation on garage demand. Transport Policy 47, 160–168.
  • Gragera, A. (2017). The economics of parking: essays on regulation. Competition and Information Frictions, Universitat de Barcelona, http://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/handle/2445/118745.
  • Gül, A., Öz, A., Demir, A. & Gül, İ. E. (2019). Planning and Design Principles of Car Parking in Urban Transportation (Kent Ulaşımında Otoparkların Planlama ve Tasarımı). (Chapter 2). Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Kapsamında Güncel Akademik Çalışmalar Kitabı (Editörler: Abdullah Demir, Ali Öz & Çağatay Ersin). Strategic Researches Academy & Strategic Researches Academic Publishing. ISBN: 978-605- 69709- 9-3 p.13-44, Antalya/Türkiye.
  • Guo, L., Huang, S., Zhuang, J. & Sadek, A.W. (2013a). Modeling parking behavior under uncertainty: a static game theory versus a sequential neo-additive capacity modeling approach. Networks and Statial Economics, vol. 13, issue 3, 327-350.
  • Guo, L., Huang, S. & Sadek, A. W. (2013b) A novel agent-based transportation model of a university campus with application to quantifying the environmental cost of parking search. Transportation Research Part A. Policy and Practice, vol. 50, pp. 86-104.
  • Gurbetci, K., Demir, A. & Çavdar, A. (2007). Passenger cars at sustainable transportation in Istanbul. TRODSA - 4th National Road and Traffic Safety Congress, Proceedings Book, 201-211, Ankara, [in Turkish].
  • Gurbetci, K., Demir, A. & Karaahmet, A. (2014). Technology, Environment and Safety Factors in The Car-Parking Applications. Ilke Publishing, ISBN: 978-605-5961-38-1, [in Turkish].
  • Hajimohamadipour, O. (2016). An investigation of surface parking lots and developing design strategies. İstanbul Technical University, Master of Landscape Architecture.
  • Harris, A. M. (2004). Designing with climate: using parking lots to mitigate urban climate. Master of Landscape Architecture Department of Landscape Architecture College of Architecture and Urban Studies, Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, April 8, 2004 Blacksburg, Virginia.
  • Hess, D. B. (2001). The effects of free parking on commuter mode choice: evidence from travel diary data. Transp. Res. Rec. 1753, 35–42.
  • Hoh, B., Yan, T., Ganesan, D., Tracton, K., Iwuchukwu, T. & Lee, J. (2012). TruCentive: A game-theoretic incentive platform for trustworthy mobile crowdsourcing parking services. IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Proceedings, ITSC, 160-166.
  • Hunt, J. D. & Teply, S. (1993). A nested logit model of parking location choice. Transportation Research B, vol. 27B, No. 4, 253-265.
  • ICPMMP. (2016). Istanbul Car Parking Management Master Plan.
  • IETT. (2018). The Istanbul Electric Power, Funicular and Streetcar Board, General Directorate Information Notes, [in Turkish].
  • İnci, E. & Lindsey, R. C. (2015). Garage and curbside parking competition with search congestion. Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol.54, 49-59.
  • İnci, E. & Robin, C. (2015). Garage and curbside parking competition with search congestion. Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol.54, 49-59.
  • İnci, E., Van Ommeren, J. & Kobus, M. (2017). The external cruising costs of parking. Journal of Economic Geography, Vol.17, No.6, 1301-1323.
  • İSPARK. (2018). Istanbul Parking Management Trade Inc. (Received by Correspondence).
  • Kelly, J. A. & Clinch, J. P. (2006). Influence of varied parking tariffs on parking occupancy levels by trip purpose. Transp. Policy 13, 487–495.
  • Kelly, J. A. & Clinch, J. P. (2009). Temporal variance of revealed preference on-street parking price elasticity. Transport Policy 16 (4), 193-199.
  • Khodaii, A., Aflaki, E. & Moradkhani, A. (2010). Modeling the effect of parking fare on personal car use. Trans. A: Civil Eng. 17, 209-216.
  • Kobus, M. B. W., Guitiérrez-i-Puigarnau, E., Rietveld, P. & Van Ommeren, J. N. (2013). The on-street parking premium and car drivers' choice between street and garage parking. Reg. Sci. Urban Econ. 43, 395-403.
  • Mejri, N., Ayari, M., Langar, R. & Saidane, L. (2016). Con2PaS: A constrained congestion game for parking space assignment. 5th IFIP International Conference on Performance Evaluation and Modeling in Wired and Wireless Networks, PEMWN, 22-24.11.2016, Paris.
  • Newbold, P., Carlson, W. L. & Thorne, B. M. (2013). Statistics for Business and Economics. Pearson Education.
  • Nourinejad, M. & Roorda, M. J. (2017). Impact of hourly parking pricing on travel demand. Transportation Research Part A, Policy and Practice, vol. 98, 28-45.
  • Nourinejad, M. & Roorda, M. J. (2017). Impact of hourly parking pricing on travel demand. Transportation Research Part A, Policy and Practice, vol. 98, 28-45.
  • Özkan, F., Öz, A., Demir, A., Gül, İ. E. & Gül, A. (2020). Eğirdir Kent Merkezi Ulaşım Sisteminde Mevcut Sorunlar ve İrdelenmesi. (Suggestions and The Current Problems on Road Transportation of Eğirdir City Center). Eds. Atila Gül & Şükran Şahin, Isparta – Eğirdir Özelinde Mekânsal Planlama ve Tasarıma Yönelik Akademik Vizyon, Bölüm 19. s.271-297. Astana Yayınları, ISBN: 978-625-7890-39-7.
  • Parkitny, W. (2014). Analysis of chosen logit models to predict the behaviour of personal vehicles’ drivers with reference to car parks choice. Logistyka, nr 6, listopad – grudzień 2014, Logistyka – nauka Artykuły recenzowane, DVD nr 3, 8383-8391.
  • Parkitny, W. (2017a). Analysis of dependences between using of parking places and chosen parameters of weather on the example of underground parking in cracow. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 95 052011 doi :10.1088/1755-1315/95/5/052011
  • Parkitny, W. (2017b). Using the theory of games to modelling the equipment and prices of car parking. World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering – Architecture - Urban Planning Symposium - WMCAUS 2017, Prague, Czech Republic, 11-15.06.2017, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, doi: 10.1088/issn.1757-899X, ISSN: 1757-8981, Online ISSN: 1757- 899X.
  • Pierce, G. & Shoup, D. (2013). Getting the prices right. Journal of the American Planning Association, 79:1, 67-81, DOI: 10.1080/01944363.2013.787307.
  • Praburam, G. & Koorey, G. (2015). Effect of On-Street Parking on Traffic Speeds, IPENZ Transportation Group Conference, Rydges Hotel, Christchurch.
  • Shoup, D. C. & Wilson, R. (1992). Employer-paid parking: the problem and proposed solutions. Transp. Q. 46, 169- 196.
  • Shoup, D. C. (2006). Cruising for parking. Transport Policy, No. 13, 479-486.
  • Simicevic, J., Milosavljeciv, N., Maletic, G. & Kaplanovic, S. (2012). Defining parking price based on users' attitudes. Transp. Policy 23, 70–78.
  • Simicevic, J., Vukanovic, S. & Milosavljeciv, N. (2013). The effect of parking charges and time limit to car usage and parking behaviour. Transp. Policy 30, 125-131.
  • Thompson, R. G. & Richardson, A. J. (1998). A parking search model. Transportation Research Part A, vol. 32, No. 3, Elsevier Science Ltd, Great Britain, 159-170.
  • Tsamboulas, D. A. (2001). Parking fare thresholds - A policy tool. Transport Policy 8, 115–124.
  • TSI. (2017a). Motorized road vehicles. Turkish Statistical Institute, January 2017, Issue No: 24596, March 10, www.tuik.gov.tr, [in Turkish], Date of access: 06.05.2017.
  • TSI. (2017b). Population statistics. Turkish Statistical Institute, www.tuik.gov.tr, Date of access: 06.05.2017, [in Turkish].
  • TUIK. (2017). Motorlu Kara Taşıt Sayısı, https://data.tuik.gov.tr/.
  • Uzun, Ö. L. (2009). The examination of the effects of the on-street parking strategy on traffic intensity and exhaust emission. Marmara University, Technical Education, Mechanical Teaching, MSc, İstanbul.
  • Uzun, Ö., Gümüş, M. & Demir, A. (2021). Ücretli yol kenarı parkların trafik akışına etkisinin incelenmesi. İdealkent, 12 (34), 1878-1899. DOI: 10.31198/idealkent.709333
  • Weis, C., Vrtic, M., Widmer, P. & Axhausen, K. W. (2012). Influence of parking on location and mode choice: a stated choice survey. In: Proceedings of the 91st TRB Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.
  • Yardım, M. S. & Demir, A. (2009). Use of intelligent transportation systems in Istanbul’s parking management. IMO - 8th Transportation Congress, [in Turkish].
  • Young, W., Thompson, R. G. & Taylor, M. A. P. (1991). A review of urban car parking models: Foreign summaries. Transport reviews, vol. 11, Issue 1, January-March, 63-84.
  • Zong, F., Zhang, Y. S., Wang, Z. Z. & Li, Z. Y. (2013). Parking pricing analysis in urban central business district. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), vol. 43, Issue 5, 1235-1240.

Hava Koşullarının Yol Kenarı Parklanma Değişkenleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1), 406 - 421, 31.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1292308

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, hava koşullarının yol kenarı otopark değişkenleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemek için veri setleri iki yıl boyunca (2017-2018) İstanbul Anadolu Yakası'ndaki yol kenarı park yerlerinde park kapasitesi, çalışan personel, mesai dışı personel, devir hızı, ilk saat park fiyatı, günlük park fiyatı, işlem sayısı, nakit işlem sayısı, ortalama nakit park süresi, 0-15 dk park süresi, ortalama park süresi, abonelik sayısı, park abonelik fiyatı, abonelik günlük işlemleri, abonelik park süresi ve gelir gibi 17 değişkenden oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ciro oranı, park süresi, nakit park süresi ve park geliri değişkenleri kukla değişkenlerle çoklu regresyon analizi ile araştırılmıştır. Bu dönemdeki günlük genel hava durumu verileri kukla değişkenler olarak güneşli, bulutlu, parçalı bulutlu, hafif yağmurlu, yağmurlu, kısa süreli şiddetli yağış, şiddetli yağış, hafif kar, hafif kar yağışı, kar ve şiddetli kar fırtınası olmak üzere 11 kategoriye ayrılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre hem güneşli hem de hafif kar + hafif kar yağışı + kar + yoğun kar fırtınası hava değişkenlerinin park süresini sırasıyla 0,528 ve 1,293 dakika azalttığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, aynı değişkenlerin nakit park süresini sırasıyla 1,21 ve 3,29 dakika artırdığını da göstermiştir. Hem güneşli hem de bulutlu + parçalı bulutlu hava değişkenleri otopark gelirini sırasıyla 719 TL ve 580 TL artırmaktadır. Hafif kar + hafif kar yağışı + kar + yoğun tipi hava durumu değişkeni ise otopark gelirini 1143 TL azaltmaktadır.

References

  • Arnott, R. & İnci, E. (2010). The stability of downtown parking and traffic congestion. Journal of Urban Economics, Vol. 68, No.3, 260-276.
  • Arnott, R., İnci, E. & Rowse, J. (2015). Downtown curbside parking capacity. Journal of Urban Economics, Vol.86, 83-97.
  • Ayala, D., Wolfson, O., Xu, B., Dasgupta, B. & Lin, J. (2011). Parking slot assignment games. 19th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems.
  • Ayala, D., Wolfson, O., Xu, B., Dasgupta, B. & Lin, J. (2012). Parking in competitive settings: A gravitational approach. Proceedings – IEEE 13th International Conference on Mobile Data Management, MDM, 27-32.
  • Azari, K. A., Arintono, S., Hamid, H., Atiq, R. & Rahmat, O. K. (2013). Modelling demand under parking and cordon pricing policy. Transport Policy, No. 25, 1-9.
  • Barter, P. (2016). On-Street Parking Management - An International Toolkit, Sustainable Urban Transport Technical Document #14.
  • Barter, P. (2018). Promising urban parking policy innovation - international policy agendas and trends of possible relevance for German cities. Breakfast Meeting, Agora Verkehrswende, Berlin.
  • Concas, S. & Nayak, N. (2012). A meta-analysis of parking price elasticity. In: Proceedings of the TRB Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.
  • Demir, A. & Çavdar, A. (2008). On-street parking technologies and Istanbul application. OTEKON'08-4. The Congress of Automotive Technologies, Proceedings Book, 645-653, Bursa, [in Turkish].
  • Demir, A. (2019). Investigation of user’s behaviors in paid on-street parking in İstanbul. Teknik Dergi, 30 (3), DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.366692.
  • Gillen, D.W. (1977). Estimation and specification of the effects of parking costs on urban transport mode choice. J. Urban Econ. 4, 186-199.
  • Goyal, S. K. & Gomes, L. F. A. M. (1984). A model for allocating car parking spaces in universities. Transportation Research Part B, 18 (3), 267-269.
  • Gragera, A. & Albalate, D. (2016). The impact of curbside parking regulation on garage demand. Transport Policy 47, 160–168.
  • Gragera, A. (2017). The economics of parking: essays on regulation. Competition and Information Frictions, Universitat de Barcelona, http://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/handle/2445/118745.
  • Gül, A., Öz, A., Demir, A. & Gül, İ. E. (2019). Planning and Design Principles of Car Parking in Urban Transportation (Kent Ulaşımında Otoparkların Planlama ve Tasarımı). (Chapter 2). Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Kapsamında Güncel Akademik Çalışmalar Kitabı (Editörler: Abdullah Demir, Ali Öz & Çağatay Ersin). Strategic Researches Academy & Strategic Researches Academic Publishing. ISBN: 978-605- 69709- 9-3 p.13-44, Antalya/Türkiye.
  • Guo, L., Huang, S., Zhuang, J. & Sadek, A.W. (2013a). Modeling parking behavior under uncertainty: a static game theory versus a sequential neo-additive capacity modeling approach. Networks and Statial Economics, vol. 13, issue 3, 327-350.
  • Guo, L., Huang, S. & Sadek, A. W. (2013b) A novel agent-based transportation model of a university campus with application to quantifying the environmental cost of parking search. Transportation Research Part A. Policy and Practice, vol. 50, pp. 86-104.
  • Gurbetci, K., Demir, A. & Çavdar, A. (2007). Passenger cars at sustainable transportation in Istanbul. TRODSA - 4th National Road and Traffic Safety Congress, Proceedings Book, 201-211, Ankara, [in Turkish].
  • Gurbetci, K., Demir, A. & Karaahmet, A. (2014). Technology, Environment and Safety Factors in The Car-Parking Applications. Ilke Publishing, ISBN: 978-605-5961-38-1, [in Turkish].
  • Hajimohamadipour, O. (2016). An investigation of surface parking lots and developing design strategies. İstanbul Technical University, Master of Landscape Architecture.
  • Harris, A. M. (2004). Designing with climate: using parking lots to mitigate urban climate. Master of Landscape Architecture Department of Landscape Architecture College of Architecture and Urban Studies, Faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, April 8, 2004 Blacksburg, Virginia.
  • Hess, D. B. (2001). The effects of free parking on commuter mode choice: evidence from travel diary data. Transp. Res. Rec. 1753, 35–42.
  • Hoh, B., Yan, T., Ganesan, D., Tracton, K., Iwuchukwu, T. & Lee, J. (2012). TruCentive: A game-theoretic incentive platform for trustworthy mobile crowdsourcing parking services. IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Proceedings, ITSC, 160-166.
  • Hunt, J. D. & Teply, S. (1993). A nested logit model of parking location choice. Transportation Research B, vol. 27B, No. 4, 253-265.
  • ICPMMP. (2016). Istanbul Car Parking Management Master Plan.
  • IETT. (2018). The Istanbul Electric Power, Funicular and Streetcar Board, General Directorate Information Notes, [in Turkish].
  • İnci, E. & Lindsey, R. C. (2015). Garage and curbside parking competition with search congestion. Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol.54, 49-59.
  • İnci, E. & Robin, C. (2015). Garage and curbside parking competition with search congestion. Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol.54, 49-59.
  • İnci, E., Van Ommeren, J. & Kobus, M. (2017). The external cruising costs of parking. Journal of Economic Geography, Vol.17, No.6, 1301-1323.
  • İSPARK. (2018). Istanbul Parking Management Trade Inc. (Received by Correspondence).
  • Kelly, J. A. & Clinch, J. P. (2006). Influence of varied parking tariffs on parking occupancy levels by trip purpose. Transp. Policy 13, 487–495.
  • Kelly, J. A. & Clinch, J. P. (2009). Temporal variance of revealed preference on-street parking price elasticity. Transport Policy 16 (4), 193-199.
  • Khodaii, A., Aflaki, E. & Moradkhani, A. (2010). Modeling the effect of parking fare on personal car use. Trans. A: Civil Eng. 17, 209-216.
  • Kobus, M. B. W., Guitiérrez-i-Puigarnau, E., Rietveld, P. & Van Ommeren, J. N. (2013). The on-street parking premium and car drivers' choice between street and garage parking. Reg. Sci. Urban Econ. 43, 395-403.
  • Mejri, N., Ayari, M., Langar, R. & Saidane, L. (2016). Con2PaS: A constrained congestion game for parking space assignment. 5th IFIP International Conference on Performance Evaluation and Modeling in Wired and Wireless Networks, PEMWN, 22-24.11.2016, Paris.
  • Newbold, P., Carlson, W. L. & Thorne, B. M. (2013). Statistics for Business and Economics. Pearson Education.
  • Nourinejad, M. & Roorda, M. J. (2017). Impact of hourly parking pricing on travel demand. Transportation Research Part A, Policy and Practice, vol. 98, 28-45.
  • Nourinejad, M. & Roorda, M. J. (2017). Impact of hourly parking pricing on travel demand. Transportation Research Part A, Policy and Practice, vol. 98, 28-45.
  • Özkan, F., Öz, A., Demir, A., Gül, İ. E. & Gül, A. (2020). Eğirdir Kent Merkezi Ulaşım Sisteminde Mevcut Sorunlar ve İrdelenmesi. (Suggestions and The Current Problems on Road Transportation of Eğirdir City Center). Eds. Atila Gül & Şükran Şahin, Isparta – Eğirdir Özelinde Mekânsal Planlama ve Tasarıma Yönelik Akademik Vizyon, Bölüm 19. s.271-297. Astana Yayınları, ISBN: 978-625-7890-39-7.
  • Parkitny, W. (2014). Analysis of chosen logit models to predict the behaviour of personal vehicles’ drivers with reference to car parks choice. Logistyka, nr 6, listopad – grudzień 2014, Logistyka – nauka Artykuły recenzowane, DVD nr 3, 8383-8391.
  • Parkitny, W. (2017a). Analysis of dependences between using of parking places and chosen parameters of weather on the example of underground parking in cracow. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 95 052011 doi :10.1088/1755-1315/95/5/052011
  • Parkitny, W. (2017b). Using the theory of games to modelling the equipment and prices of car parking. World Multidisciplinary Civil Engineering – Architecture - Urban Planning Symposium - WMCAUS 2017, Prague, Czech Republic, 11-15.06.2017, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, doi: 10.1088/issn.1757-899X, ISSN: 1757-8981, Online ISSN: 1757- 899X.
  • Pierce, G. & Shoup, D. (2013). Getting the prices right. Journal of the American Planning Association, 79:1, 67-81, DOI: 10.1080/01944363.2013.787307.
  • Praburam, G. & Koorey, G. (2015). Effect of On-Street Parking on Traffic Speeds, IPENZ Transportation Group Conference, Rydges Hotel, Christchurch.
  • Shoup, D. C. & Wilson, R. (1992). Employer-paid parking: the problem and proposed solutions. Transp. Q. 46, 169- 196.
  • Shoup, D. C. (2006). Cruising for parking. Transport Policy, No. 13, 479-486.
  • Simicevic, J., Milosavljeciv, N., Maletic, G. & Kaplanovic, S. (2012). Defining parking price based on users' attitudes. Transp. Policy 23, 70–78.
  • Simicevic, J., Vukanovic, S. & Milosavljeciv, N. (2013). The effect of parking charges and time limit to car usage and parking behaviour. Transp. Policy 30, 125-131.
  • Thompson, R. G. & Richardson, A. J. (1998). A parking search model. Transportation Research Part A, vol. 32, No. 3, Elsevier Science Ltd, Great Britain, 159-170.
  • Tsamboulas, D. A. (2001). Parking fare thresholds - A policy tool. Transport Policy 8, 115–124.
  • TSI. (2017a). Motorized road vehicles. Turkish Statistical Institute, January 2017, Issue No: 24596, March 10, www.tuik.gov.tr, [in Turkish], Date of access: 06.05.2017.
  • TSI. (2017b). Population statistics. Turkish Statistical Institute, www.tuik.gov.tr, Date of access: 06.05.2017, [in Turkish].
  • TUIK. (2017). Motorlu Kara Taşıt Sayısı, https://data.tuik.gov.tr/.
  • Uzun, Ö. L. (2009). The examination of the effects of the on-street parking strategy on traffic intensity and exhaust emission. Marmara University, Technical Education, Mechanical Teaching, MSc, İstanbul.
  • Uzun, Ö., Gümüş, M. & Demir, A. (2021). Ücretli yol kenarı parkların trafik akışına etkisinin incelenmesi. İdealkent, 12 (34), 1878-1899. DOI: 10.31198/idealkent.709333
  • Weis, C., Vrtic, M., Widmer, P. & Axhausen, K. W. (2012). Influence of parking on location and mode choice: a stated choice survey. In: Proceedings of the 91st TRB Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.
  • Yardım, M. S. & Demir, A. (2009). Use of intelligent transportation systems in Istanbul’s parking management. IMO - 8th Transportation Congress, [in Turkish].
  • Young, W., Thompson, R. G. & Taylor, M. A. P. (1991). A review of urban car parking models: Foreign summaries. Transport reviews, vol. 11, Issue 1, January-March, 63-84.
  • Zong, F., Zhang, Y. S., Wang, Z. Z. & Li, Z. Y. (2013). Parking pricing analysis in urban central business district. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), vol. 43, Issue 5, 1235-1240.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Architecture
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Abdullah Demir 0000-0003-4042-7626

Ali Öz 0000-0002-0814-4020

Publication Date July 31, 2023
Submission Date May 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1)

Cite

APA Demir, A., & Öz, A. (2023). Examining the Effect of Weather Conditions on On-Street Parking Variables. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 8(1), 406-421. https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1292308