Research Article
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 29 - 36, 02.03.2020
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Sigara Bırakma Polikliniğine başvuran hastalarda anksiyete duyarlılık düzeyleri ile nikotin bağımlılığı ile sigara bırakma sonuçları arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçladık.
Yöntem: Bu retrospektif çalışma Ocak 2017-Temmuz 2017 tarihleri arasında sigara bırakma polikliniğine başvuran 286 hastayı içermektedir. Sosyo-demografik özellikler, sigara içme durumu, Nikotin Bağımlılığı için Fagerström Testi (FTDN) skorları, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDI) ile ölçülen depresyon skorları ve Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BAI) ve Anksiyete Duyarlılığı İndeksi-3 (ASI) ölçeklerinin skorları hasta tıbbi dosyalarından geriye dönük olarak alındı. Tüm hastalar ile irtibata geçildi ve hastaların anlık sigara içme durumu kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların % 19,5'i (n = 56) (izlemeye gelmeyenler dahil) sigarayı bırakmış ve sigarayı bırakma tarihinden en az altı ay sonra hala içmemektedirler. Ortalama anksiyete duyarlılığı skorları orta / yüksek nikotin bağımlı hastalarda hafif nikotin bağımlı hastalardan anlamlı derecede yüksekti (sırasıyla p = 0.001 ve p <0.001). Anksiyete duyarlılığı ve tüm alt ölçeklerinin ortalama puanları, mevcut sigara içicilerin sigara içenlere göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (her biri için p <0.001).
Sonuç: Anksiyete duyarlılığının sigara bırakma başarısında ciddi bir engel olabileceği belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, kaygı duyarlılığı, yüksek nikotin bağımlılığı ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkilidir. Sigarayı bırakmayı planlayan hastaların ilk günlerinden kaygı duyarlılığı, kaygı ve depresyon düzeylerini değerlendirmek önemlidir. Yüksek kaygı duyarlılığına sahip sigara içicileri dikkatle izlenmeli ve bırakma oranlarını artırmak için kaygı hassasiyetlerini azaltmak için tedaviler uygulanmalıdır.
References
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- 21. Bakhshaie J, Zvolensky MJ, Langdon KJ, Leventhal AM, Schmidt NB. Reduction of anxiety sensitivity in relation to nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking cessation: an examination among successful quitters. Cogn Behav Ther. 2017;1:1–14. DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2017.1395907
- 22. Feldner MT, Zvolensky MJ, Babson K, Leen-Feldner EW, Schmidt NB. An integrated approach to panic prevention targeting the empirically supported risk factors of smoking and anxiety sensitivity: Theoretical basis and evidence from a pilot project evaluating feasibility and short-term efficacy. J Anxiety Disord. 2008;22(7):1227–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.005
- 23. Zvolensky MJ, Baker KM, Leen-Feldner E, Bonn-Miller MO, Feldner MT, Brown RA. Anxiety sensitivity: Association with intensity of restrospectively-rated smoking-related withdrawal symptoms and motivation to quit. Cogn Behav Ther. 2004;33(3):114–25. DOI: 10.1080/16506070310016969
Year 2020,
Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 29 - 36, 02.03.2020
Abstract
Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the anxiety sensitivity levels and nicotine dependence and smoking cessation outcomes in patients referred to the Smoking Cessation Policlinics.
Methods: This retrospective study included 286 patients referred to a smoking cessation policlinic between January 2017 and July 2017. Socio-demographic characteristics, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTDN) scores, depression scores measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI) scale scores were retrospectively retrieved from patient medical files. All patients were contacted and the instant smoking status of the patients was recorded.
Results: Of the participants, 19.5% (n=56) (including those who did not come to follow-up) had quit smoking and were abstinent at least six months after the quitting date. The mean scores of anxiety sensitivity were significantly higher in moderate/high nicotine dependent patients than in mild nicotine dependent patients (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The mean scores of anxiety sensitivity and all its subscales were significantly higher in current smokers than ex-smokers (p<0.001 for each).
Conclusion: It has been determined that anxiety sensitivity may be a severe barrier to smoking cessation success. Therewithal, anxiety sensitivity is significantly associated with high nicotine dependence. It is essential to evaluate the anxiety sensitivity, anxiety, and depression levels from the first days of patients who are planning to stop smoking. High anxiety sensitivity smokers should be carefully monitored, and treatments should be applied to reduce their anxiety sensitivities to increase quit rates
References
- 1. Benítez CI, Shea MT, Raffa S, Rende R, Dyck IR, Ramsawh HJ, et al. Anxiety sensitivity as a predictor of the clinical course of panic disorder: a 1-year follow-up study. Depress Anxiety. 2009;26(4):335-42. DOI: 10.1002/da.20423
- 2. Powers MB, Davis ML, Kauffman BY, Baird SO, Zvolensky M, Rosenfield D,et al. Anxiety sensitivity and smoking variability among treatment seeking smokers. Addict Disord Their Treat. 2016 Sep;15(3):136-42. DOI: 10.1097/ADT.0000000000000075
- 3. Langdon KJ, Farris SG, Øverup CS, Zvolensky MJ. Associations Between Anxiety Sensitivity, Negative Affect, and Smoking During a Self-Guided Smoking Cessation Attempt. Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 May;18(5):1188-95. DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv253.
- 4. Mantar A1, Yemez B, Alkın T. Anxiety sensitivity and its importance in psychiatric disorders. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2011;22(3);187-93 PMID: 21870308
- 5. Marshall GN, Miles JN V., Stewart SH. Anxiety sensitivity and PTSD symptom severity are reciprocally related: Evidence from a longitudinal study of physical trauma survivors. J Abnorm Psychol. 2010;119(1):143–50. DOI: 10.1037/a0018009.
- 6. Mantar A. Anksiyete Duyarlılığı İndeksi-3’ün Türkçe formunun geçerlik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2010;21(3):1-11.
- 7. Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC FK. The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Br J Addict. 1991;86(9):1119–27. DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x
- 8. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;(4):561–71.DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
- 9. Tuğlu C, Türe M, Dağdeviren N, Aktürk Z. Birinci basamak için beck depresyon tarama ölçeği’nin türkçe çevriminin geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Aile Hekim Derg. 2005;9(3):117–22.
- 10. Ulusoy M, Sahin N, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother. 1998;12:28–35.
- 11. Zehra Yaşar Z, Kurt ÖK, Talay F, Kargı A. Bir Yıllık Sigara Bırakma Poliklinik Sonuçlarımız: Sigara Bırakmada Etkili Olan Faktörler. Eurasian J Pulmonol 2014;16:99-104. DOI: 10.5152/ejp.2014.48295
- 12. Onen ZP, Sen E, Eriş Gülbay B, Oztürk A, Akkoca Yıldız O, Acıcan T, et al. Comparing the effectiveness of different treatment modalities on the smoking cessation rates. Tuberk Toraks 2010;58:385-92 PMID: 21341115
- 13. Rezvanfard M, Ekhtiari H, Mokri A, Djavid GE, Kaviani H. Psychological and behavioral traits in smokers and their relationship with nicotine dependence level. Arch Iran Med. 2010;13(5):395. DOI: 010135/AIM.006
- 14. Manley MJ, de Jonge P, Kershaw TS, Desai RA, Lin H, Kasl S V. Association of major depression with subtypes of nicotine dependence found among adult daily smokers: A latent class analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009;104(1):126–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.013
- 15. Livingston EH, Lynm C. JAMA patient page. Smoking cessation. JAMA. 2012;308:15. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2013.283787
- 16. Trujillo MA, Khoddam R, Greenberg JB, Dyal SR, Ameringer KJ, Zvolensky MJ, Leventhal A. Distress Tolerance as a Correlate of Tobacco Dependence and Motivation: Incremental Relations over and above Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms. Behav Med. 2017;43(2):120-8. DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2015.1110559.
- 17. Johnson JG, Cohen P, Pine DS, Klein DF, Kasen S, Brook JS. Association between cigarette smoking and anxiety disorders during adolescence and early adulthood. JAMA. 2000;284(18):2348–51. DOI: 10.1001/jama.284.18.234829. 18. Mullane JC, Stewart SH, Rhyno E, Steeves D, Watt MC, Eisner A. Anxiety sensitivity and difficulties with smoking cessation. Adv Psychol Res. 2008;11(3):323–31. DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2015.12.011
- 19. Johnson KA, Stewart S, Rosenfield D, Steeves D, Zvolensky MJ. Prospective evaluation of the effects of anxiety sensitivity and state anxiety in predicting acute nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking cessation. Psychol Addict Behav. 2012;26(2):289. DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S14243
- 20. Zvolensky MJ, Bogiaizian D, Salazar PL, Farris SG, Bakhshaie J. An anxiety sensitivity reduction smoking-cessation program for spanish-speaking smokers (Argentina). Cogn Behav Pract. 2014;21(3):350–63. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.10.005
- 21. Bakhshaie J, Zvolensky MJ, Langdon KJ, Leventhal AM, Schmidt NB. Reduction of anxiety sensitivity in relation to nicotine withdrawal symptoms during smoking cessation: an examination among successful quitters. Cogn Behav Ther. 2017;1:1–14. DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2017.1395907
- 22. Feldner MT, Zvolensky MJ, Babson K, Leen-Feldner EW, Schmidt NB. An integrated approach to panic prevention targeting the empirically supported risk factors of smoking and anxiety sensitivity: Theoretical basis and evidence from a pilot project evaluating feasibility and short-term efficacy. J Anxiety Disord. 2008;22(7):1227–43. DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.01.005
- 23. Zvolensky MJ, Baker KM, Leen-Feldner E, Bonn-Miller MO, Feldner MT, Brown RA. Anxiety sensitivity: Association with intensity of restrospectively-rated smoking-related withdrawal symptoms and motivation to quit. Cogn Behav Ther. 2004;33(3):114–25. DOI: 10.1080/16506070310016969
There are 22 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Internal Diseases |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 2, 2020 |
| Submission Date | September 5, 2019 |
| Acceptance Date | December 3, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 1 |
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