Research Article
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Burnout Levels of Medical Students in COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 12 - 19, 15.01.2022

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi Sinan Yılmaz Ezel Bilge Yerli Aysun Aras Zahide Koşan

Abstract

Burnout syndrome is a serious condition that is increasingly common in healthcare workers. There is growing interest and strong evidence that the foundations of physician burnout were laid during the years of medical education. It is important to be aware of and prevent burnout of medical students who are health care providers of the future. In this study, it was aimed to investigate burnout levels of preclinical medical students and associated factors. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 1009 volunteer preclinical medical students. The study data was collected through an online questionnaire using the sociodemographic information form and the Maslach Burnout Scale-Student Form. The average age of the students was 19.8±2.5 years, 52.2% were women, 61.9% had emotional exhaustion, 21.5% had depersonalization, and 53.5% had loss of competence. Grade I students' scores for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were the lowest, while their competency scores were the highest. There was no significant association between age and burnout levels (p>0.05). Emotional exhaustion in women and depersonalization in men were significantly higher (p=0.025 and p=0.031, respectively). The frequency of exhaustion and depersonalization in students who did sports regularly was significantly lower and their competency scores were significantly higher (p<0.001, p=0.022, p<0.001, respectively). Burnout and depersonalization were significantly higher in students with pets (p=0.010, p=0.036, respectively). There was a significant association between academic achievement and all three dimensions of burnout. Academic achievement and emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores were negatively (r=-0.133, p<0.001 and r=-0.173, p<0.001, respectively), competency scores were positively associated (r=0.219, p<0.001). There was a significant positive association between emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (r=0.718, p<0.001) and negative association (r=-0.450, p<0.001) between competency scores. Burnout of medical students should be recognized, individual and institutional preventive strategies should be developed.

Keywords

Medical Student; burnout; depersonalization competency

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

Thanks

We would like to thank the students who participated in the study.

References

  • Tanrıverdi EÇ, Dikbaş L, Çalıkoğlu EO, Koca Ö, Kadıoğlu BG. Bir kadın doğum hastanesinde çalışan sağlık personelinin tükenmişlik ve iş doyumu düzeyleri ve sosyodemografik etkenlerle ilişkisi. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi. 2017;13(1):32-9.
  • Freudenberger HJ. Staff burn‐out. Journal of social issues. 1974;30(1):159-65.
  • Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach burnout inventory: Scarecrow Education; 1997.
  • Ko S, Kua E, Fones C. Stress and the undergraduates. Singapore medical journal. 1999;40(10):627-30.
  • Çapri B, Gündüz B, Gökçakan Z. Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri- öğrenci formunun Türkçe'ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması Cukurova University Faculty of Education Journal. 2011;40(1).
  • Ishak W, Nikravesh R, Lederer S, Perry R, Ogunyemi D, Bernstein C. Burnout in medical students: a systematic review. The clinical teacher. 2013;10(4):242-5.
  • Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Huntington JL, Lawson KL, Novotny PJ, Sloan JA, et al. Personal life events and medical student burnout: a multicenter study. Academic Medicine. 2006;81(4):374-84.
  • Schaufeli WB, Martinez IM, Pinto AM, Salanova M, Bakker AB. Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of cross-cultural psychology. 2002;33(5):464-81.
  • Vitaliano PP, Russo J, Carr JE, Heerwagen JH. Medical school pressures and their relationship to anxiety. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1984.
  • Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD, editors. Medical student distress: causes, consequences, and proposed solutions. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; 2005; Elsevier.
  • GuthrieE BD, Bagalkote H. Psychological stress and burnout in medical srudent~: a five)'e: u prmpective longitudinal study. R Soc Med. 1998;9:237-43.
  • Prinz P, Hertrich K, Hirschfelder U, de Zwaan M. Burnout, depression and depersonalisation–Psychological factors and coping strategies in dental and medical students. GMS Zeitschrift für medizinische Ausbildung. 2012;29(1).
  • Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Power DV, Durning S, Moutier C, Massie Jr FS, et al. Burnout and serious thoughts of dropping out of medical school: a multi-institutional study. Academic Medicine. 2010;85(1):94-102.
  • Talih F, Warakian R, Ajaltouni J, Tamim H. Correlates of depression and burnout among residents in a Lebanese academic medical center: a cross-sectional study. Academic Psychiatry. 2016;40(1):38-45.
  • Schonfeld IS, Bianchi R. Burnout and depression: two entities or one? Journal of clinical psychology. 2016;72(1):22-37.
  • Bozkurt Y, Zeybek Z, Aşkı R. Covid-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;19(37):304-18.
  • Schaufeli WB. Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBIGS). Maslach burnout inventory manual. 1996.
  • Youssef FF. Medical student stress, burnout and depression in Trinidad and Tobago. Academic Psychiatry. 2016;40(1):69-75.
  • Frajerman A, Morvan Y, Krebs M-O, Gorwood P, Chaumette B. Burnout in medical students before residency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Psychiatry. 2019;55:36-42.
  • Liao Y, Liu J, HF W. Initial study on higher vocational medical students’ learning burnout. Congqin. Medicine. 2011;9:924-6.
  • Xiao J, Wang F, Ge H, Li F, Lian Y. Relation between academic burnout and emotional intelligence among medical students. Chinese J Sch Health. 2013;12:1442-4.
  • Yang Y. Study on medical students’ professional commitment and its relationship with learning burnout and time management disposition. Wan Nan Medical School. 2013.
  • Wolf T, Balson P, Faucett J, Randall H. A retrospective study of attitude change during medical education. Medical education. 1989;23(1):19-23.
  • Zhang L, Chen H. The correlation between the atmosphere of the dormitory and burnout in medical school. J Changchun Educ Inst. 2013;15:91-2.
  • Çalıkoğlu EO, Kavuncuoğlu D, Köyceğiz E, Kavuncuoğlu E. Burnout, Life Satisfaction, and Related Factors Among Medical School Seniors at Atatürk University. Medical Science Monitor. 2017;4:10-7.
  • 26. Sevencan F, Uzun N, Yücel E, Şener A, Yılmaz A, Üner S. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Tükenmişlik Düzeyi ve Etkileyen Faktörler. 2011.
  • Li H, Liu B, Liu X, Dai X. Initial investigation about occupational lassitude condition of clinical interns and nursing students. China Higher Medical Education. 2011;7:62-4.
  • Kosan Z, Aras A, Cayir Y, Calikoglu E. Burnout among family physicians in Turkey: A comparison of two different primary care systems. Nigerian journal of clinical practice. 2019;22(8):1063.
  • Zheng X, Li W. An analysis on relevant factors of medical postgraduates’ learning burnout. J Xinjiang Med University. 2015;38(06):781-3.
  • Li W. Relationship of social support with job burnout in 120 medical postgraduates. Chinese Mental Health Journal. 2009;7:521-2.
  • Kaya A, Çetinkaya F, Naçar M, Baykan Z. Burnout among family physicians and its associated factors. Turkish Journal of Family Practice. 2014;18(3):122-33.
  • Ozyurt A, Hayran O, Sur H. Predictors of burnout and job satisfaction among Turkish physicians. Journal of the Association of Physicians. 2006;99(3):161-9.
  • Shaikh B, Kahloon A, Kazmi M, Khalid H, Nawaz K, Khan N, et al. Students, stress and coping strategies: a case of Pakistani medical school. Education for Health: Change in Learning & Practice. 2004;17(3): 346-53
  • Almalki SA, Almojali AI, Alothman AS, Masuadi EM, Alaqeel MK. Burnout and its association with extracurricular activities among medical students in Saudi Arabia. International journal of medical education. 2017;8:144.
  • Muzafar Y, Khan HH, Ashraf H, Hussain W, Sajid H, Tahir M, et al. Burnout and its associated factors in medical students of Lahore, Pakistan. Cureus. 2015;7(11):e390
  • İn EÇ, Kula KŞ. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Tükenmişlik ve Yaşam Doyumunun İncelenmesi: Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019;32(2):403-42.
  • GÜNDÜZ B, Çapri B, Gökçakan Z. Üniversite öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012(19):38-55.
  • Pokhrel NB, Khadayat R, Tulachan P. Depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students and residents of a medical school in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMC psychiatry. 2020;20(1):1-18.
  • Guduk M, Erol S, Yagcibulut O, Ugur Z, Ozvaris S, Aslan D. Ankara’da bir tip fakultesinde okuyan son sinif ogrencilerde tukenmislik sendromu. Surekli Tip Egitimi Dergisi. 2005;14(8):169-73.
  • Alimoglu MK DL. Daylight exposure and the other predictors of burnout among nurses in a University Hospital. International journal of nursing studies 2005;42(5):549-55.
  • Redwood SK, Pollak MH. Student-led stress management program for first-year medical students. Teaching and Learning in Medicine. 2007;19(1):42-6.
  • Naçar M, Baykan Z, Çetinkaya F. Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi birinci ve ikinci sınıf öğrencilerinde Tükenmişlik durumu ve eğitimin etkisi. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası. 2012;35(35):9-20.
  • Novack DH, Epstein RM, Paulsen RH. Toward creating physician-healers: fostering medical students' self-awareness, personal growth, and well-being. ACADEMIC MEDICINE-PHILADELPHIA-1999;74:516-20.
  • Rathbun J. Helping medical students develop lifelong strategies to cope with stress. Academic medicine. 1995.

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 12 - 19, 15.01.2022

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi Sinan Yılmaz Ezel Bilge Yerli Aysun Aras Zahide Koşan

Abstract

Project Number

yok

References

  • Tanrıverdi EÇ, Dikbaş L, Çalıkoğlu EO, Koca Ö, Kadıoğlu BG. Bir kadın doğum hastanesinde çalışan sağlık personelinin tükenmişlik ve iş doyumu düzeyleri ve sosyodemografik etkenlerle ilişkisi. Bakırköy Tıp Dergisi. 2017;13(1):32-9.
  • Freudenberger HJ. Staff burn‐out. Journal of social issues. 1974;30(1):159-65.
  • Maslach C, Jackson SE, Leiter MP. Maslach burnout inventory: Scarecrow Education; 1997.
  • Ko S, Kua E, Fones C. Stress and the undergraduates. Singapore medical journal. 1999;40(10):627-30.
  • Çapri B, Gündüz B, Gökçakan Z. Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri- öğrenci formunun Türkçe'ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması Cukurova University Faculty of Education Journal. 2011;40(1).
  • Ishak W, Nikravesh R, Lederer S, Perry R, Ogunyemi D, Bernstein C. Burnout in medical students: a systematic review. The clinical teacher. 2013;10(4):242-5.
  • Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Huntington JL, Lawson KL, Novotny PJ, Sloan JA, et al. Personal life events and medical student burnout: a multicenter study. Academic Medicine. 2006;81(4):374-84.
  • Schaufeli WB, Martinez IM, Pinto AM, Salanova M, Bakker AB. Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross-national study. Journal of cross-cultural psychology. 2002;33(5):464-81.
  • Vitaliano PP, Russo J, Carr JE, Heerwagen JH. Medical school pressures and their relationship to anxiety. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 1984.
  • Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Shanafelt TD, editors. Medical student distress: causes, consequences, and proposed solutions. Mayo Clinic Proceedings; 2005; Elsevier.
  • GuthrieE BD, Bagalkote H. Psychological stress and burnout in medical srudent~: a five)'e: u prmpective longitudinal study. R Soc Med. 1998;9:237-43.
  • Prinz P, Hertrich K, Hirschfelder U, de Zwaan M. Burnout, depression and depersonalisation–Psychological factors and coping strategies in dental and medical students. GMS Zeitschrift für medizinische Ausbildung. 2012;29(1).
  • Dyrbye LN, Thomas MR, Power DV, Durning S, Moutier C, Massie Jr FS, et al. Burnout and serious thoughts of dropping out of medical school: a multi-institutional study. Academic Medicine. 2010;85(1):94-102.
  • Talih F, Warakian R, Ajaltouni J, Tamim H. Correlates of depression and burnout among residents in a Lebanese academic medical center: a cross-sectional study. Academic Psychiatry. 2016;40(1):38-45.
  • Schonfeld IS, Bianchi R. Burnout and depression: two entities or one? Journal of clinical psychology. 2016;72(1):22-37.
  • Bozkurt Y, Zeybek Z, Aşkı R. Covid-19 pandemisi: Psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi. 2020;19(37):304-18.
  • Schaufeli WB. Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBIGS). Maslach burnout inventory manual. 1996.
  • Youssef FF. Medical student stress, burnout and depression in Trinidad and Tobago. Academic Psychiatry. 2016;40(1):69-75.
  • Frajerman A, Morvan Y, Krebs M-O, Gorwood P, Chaumette B. Burnout in medical students before residency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Psychiatry. 2019;55:36-42.
  • Liao Y, Liu J, HF W. Initial study on higher vocational medical students’ learning burnout. Congqin. Medicine. 2011;9:924-6.
  • Xiao J, Wang F, Ge H, Li F, Lian Y. Relation between academic burnout and emotional intelligence among medical students. Chinese J Sch Health. 2013;12:1442-4.
  • Yang Y. Study on medical students’ professional commitment and its relationship with learning burnout and time management disposition. Wan Nan Medical School. 2013.
  • Wolf T, Balson P, Faucett J, Randall H. A retrospective study of attitude change during medical education. Medical education. 1989;23(1):19-23.
  • Zhang L, Chen H. The correlation between the atmosphere of the dormitory and burnout in medical school. J Changchun Educ Inst. 2013;15:91-2.
  • Çalıkoğlu EO, Kavuncuoğlu D, Köyceğiz E, Kavuncuoğlu E. Burnout, Life Satisfaction, and Related Factors Among Medical School Seniors at Atatürk University. Medical Science Monitor. 2017;4:10-7.
  • 26. Sevencan F, Uzun N, Yücel E, Şener A, Yılmaz A, Üner S. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde Tükenmişlik Düzeyi ve Etkileyen Faktörler. 2011.
  • Li H, Liu B, Liu X, Dai X. Initial investigation about occupational lassitude condition of clinical interns and nursing students. China Higher Medical Education. 2011;7:62-4.
  • Kosan Z, Aras A, Cayir Y, Calikoglu E. Burnout among family physicians in Turkey: A comparison of two different primary care systems. Nigerian journal of clinical practice. 2019;22(8):1063.
  • Zheng X, Li W. An analysis on relevant factors of medical postgraduates’ learning burnout. J Xinjiang Med University. 2015;38(06):781-3.
  • Li W. Relationship of social support with job burnout in 120 medical postgraduates. Chinese Mental Health Journal. 2009;7:521-2.
  • Kaya A, Çetinkaya F, Naçar M, Baykan Z. Burnout among family physicians and its associated factors. Turkish Journal of Family Practice. 2014;18(3):122-33.
  • Ozyurt A, Hayran O, Sur H. Predictors of burnout and job satisfaction among Turkish physicians. Journal of the Association of Physicians. 2006;99(3):161-9.
  • Shaikh B, Kahloon A, Kazmi M, Khalid H, Nawaz K, Khan N, et al. Students, stress and coping strategies: a case of Pakistani medical school. Education for Health: Change in Learning & Practice. 2004;17(3): 346-53
  • Almalki SA, Almojali AI, Alothman AS, Masuadi EM, Alaqeel MK. Burnout and its association with extracurricular activities among medical students in Saudi Arabia. International journal of medical education. 2017;8:144.
  • Muzafar Y, Khan HH, Ashraf H, Hussain W, Sajid H, Tahir M, et al. Burnout and its associated factors in medical students of Lahore, Pakistan. Cureus. 2015;7(11):e390
  • İn EÇ, Kula KŞ. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Tükenmişlik ve Yaşam Doyumunun İncelenmesi: Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2019;32(2):403-42.
  • GÜNDÜZ B, Çapri B, Gökçakan Z. Üniversite öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Dicle Üniversitesi Ziya Gökalp Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 2012(19):38-55.
  • Pokhrel NB, Khadayat R, Tulachan P. Depression, anxiety, and burnout among medical students and residents of a medical school in Nepal: a cross-sectional study. BMC psychiatry. 2020;20(1):1-18.
  • Guduk M, Erol S, Yagcibulut O, Ugur Z, Ozvaris S, Aslan D. Ankara’da bir tip fakultesinde okuyan son sinif ogrencilerde tukenmislik sendromu. Surekli Tip Egitimi Dergisi. 2005;14(8):169-73.
  • Alimoglu MK DL. Daylight exposure and the other predictors of burnout among nurses in a University Hospital. International journal of nursing studies 2005;42(5):549-55.
  • Redwood SK, Pollak MH. Student-led stress management program for first-year medical students. Teaching and Learning in Medicine. 2007;19(1):42-6.
  • Naçar M, Baykan Z, Çetinkaya F. Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi birinci ve ikinci sınıf öğrencilerinde Tükenmişlik durumu ve eğitimin etkisi. Tıp Eğitimi Dünyası. 2012;35(35):9-20.
  • Novack DH, Epstein RM, Paulsen RH. Toward creating physician-healers: fostering medical students' self-awareness, personal growth, and well-being. ACADEMIC MEDICINE-PHILADELPHIA-1999;74:516-20.
  • Rathbun J. Helping medical students develop lifelong strategies to cope with stress. Academic medicine. 1995.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Public Health, Environmental Health
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi 0000-0001-8857-3986

Sinan Yılmaz 0000-0001-7784-3274

Ezel Bilge Yerli 0000-0002-0209-0711

Aysun Aras 0000-0003-3361-7042

Zahide Koşan 0000-0002-1429-6207

Project Number yok
Publication Date January 15, 2022
Submission Date August 16, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

EndNote Çınar Tanrıverdi E, Yılmaz S, Bilge Yerli E, Aras A, Koşan Z (January 1, 2022) Burnout Levels of Medical Students in COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. New Trends in Medicine Sciences 3 1 12–19.
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