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GREKOROMEN VE SERBEST STİL GÜREŞÇİLERDE ALT VE ÜST EKSTREMİTE Y DENGE TEST SKORLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2021, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 65 - 78, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.828971

Abstract

Bu çalışmada greko-romen (Gr) ve serbest stil (Sr) güreşçilerinin Y denge test (YDT) skorlarını karşılaştırmak, yarışma stiline göre üst ve alt ekstremite denge skorları arasındaki ilişkiler tespit edilmesi ve yaralanmaların riskinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmaya 33 gönüllü güreşçi katıldı (Gr=12, Sr= 21). Güreşçiler alt ekstremite Y denge testi (AE YDT) ve üst ekstremite Y denge testleri (ÜE YDT) ile değerlendirildi. Gr ve Sr güreşçilerinin AE ve ÜE denge skorları MannWhitney U test ile denge skorları arasındaki ilişkilerin analizinde Spearman Korelasyon Katsayısı (Spearman’s rho) kullanıldı. Elde edilen bulgulara göre Gr ve Sr stilde yer alan güreşçilerin AE YDT ve ÜE YDT skorları benzer olarak bulundu. Alt uzanma mesafelerinde stiller arasında anlamlı farklılık bulundu (p<0.05). Gr stilde yer alan güreşçilerin sağ/sol AE YDT ile ÜE YDT skorları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmamasına karşın, sol AE ve ÜE YDT skorları arasında orta derecede ilişki tespit edildi. Gr stil güreşçilerinde ise AE YDT ile ÜE YDT skorları arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunamadı. Sr stil güreşçilerinin sağ ve sol korelasyonu açısından AE YDT ve ÜE YDT tüm uzanma yönleri ile kompozit skorlar açısından kuvvetli bir ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre güreşçilerin YDT’lerinin oluşturduğu strese uyum sağlayabildikleri ve farklı stilde yarışmalarına aynı spor branşında olmalarına rağmen benzer skor aldıkları görüldü. Bunun yanında benzer kompozit skora sahip sporcuların farklı uzanma mesafe skorları aldıkları belirlenmiştir. Benzer kompozit skora sahip sporcuların farklı uzanma mesafeleri sahip olması sporcuların yaralanma riskinin değerlendirilmesi ve yaralanma önleme programlarının planlanması için kompozit skor ile birlikte alt uzanma skorlarının dikkate alınması, güreş sporcuları için AE YDT ve ÜE YDT birlikte kullanılmasını önermekteyiz.

References

  • Akhmedov, R., Demirhan, B., Cicioğlu, İ,, Canuzakov, K., Türkmen, M., Günay, M. (2016). Injury by regions seen in greco-roman & Freestyle wrestling. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 18 (3), 99-107
  • Alper, E., Eroğlu-Kolayiş, İ. (2020). Yıldız Güreşçilerde Güreş Performansı ile Gövde Stabilitesi, Dinamik Denge ve Fonksiyonel Hareketlilik Değerleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 48-66.
  • Arus, E. (2018). Biomechanics of Human Motion Applications in the Martial Arts. 2th. ed. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 224-270.
  • Alpar, R. (2016) Spor, Sağlık ve Eğitim Bilimlerinden Örneklerle Uygulamalı İstatistik ve Geçerlik-Güvenilirlik (Yenilenmiş 4. bs.). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Basar, S., Düzgün, İ., Guzel, NA., Cicioğlu, İ., Çelik, B. (2014). Differences in Strength, Flexibility and Stability in Freestyle and Greco-Roman Wrestlers. J Back Musculoskelet, 27(3), 321-330.
  • Chui, D. (2005). Wrestling: Rules, Tips, Strategy, and Safety. Rosen Puplished Group, 1th ed. 2005: 4-45. ÇimenPolat, S., Bulgay, C., Yarım, İ., Cicioğlu, H.İ., Çetin, E. (2018). Analysis of the Relationship Between Elite Wrestlers’ Leg Strength and Balance Performance, and Injury History, Sports Basel, 6(2),35.
  • Demirkan, E., Kutlu, M., Koz, M., Özal, M., Favre, M. (2014). Physical Fitness Differences between Freestyle and Greco-Roman Junior Wrestlers. J Hum Kinet. 41: 245-251.
  • Farahbakhsh, F. Akbari-Fakhrabadi, M., Shariat1, A., Cleland, J.A., Farahbakhsh, F., Seif-Barghi, T., Mansournia, M.A., Rostami, M., Kordi, R. (2018). Neck pain and low back pain in relation to functional disability in different sport activities, Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation 2018;14(3):509-515
  • Golant, A. (2014). Wrestling Injuries. Am J Sports Med 2-4.
  • Gorman, P.P., Butler, R.J., Plisky, P.J., Kiesel, K.B. (2012). Upper Quarter Y Balance Test. J Strength Cond Res, 26(11), 3043–3048.
  • Grindstaff, T.L., Potach, D.H. (2006). Prevention of Common Wrestling Injuries. Strength Cond. J, 28: 20–28.
  • Hartley, E.M., Hoch, M.C., Boling, M.C. (2018). Y-Balance Test Performance and BMI are Associated With Ankle Sprain Injury in Collegiate Male Athletes. J Sci Med Sport, 21(7), 676–680.
  • Haupt, H.A. (2001). Upper Extremıty Injurıes Assocıated With Strength Training. Clin Sport Med, 20(3):481–490.
  • Hazar, Z., Ulug, N., Yüksel, İ. (2014). Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Score of Patients with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome. OJSM, 2(11): suppl 3.
  • Hewett,T.E., Pasque, C., Heyl, R., Wroble, R. (2005). Wrestling Injuries. Med Sport Sci, 152–178.
  • Hooper, T. L., James, C. R., Brismée, J.-M., Rogers, T. J., Gilbert, K. K., Browne, K. L., & Sizer, P. S. (2016). Dynamic balance as measured by the Y-Balance Test is reduced in individuals with low back pain: A cross-sectional comparative study. Physical Therapy in Sport, 22, 29–34
  • Jang, T.R., Chang, C.F., Chen, S.C., Fu Y.C., Lu, T.W. (2009). Biomechanics and Potential Injury Mechanisms Of Wrestling. Biomed Eng Appl Basis Commun. 21(03), 215–222.
  • Kalça, A., Akburu, H. (2019). Bireysel Sporlar Güreş Ders Kitabı. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Ders Kitapları, 3. Baskı, 11, 32.
  • Kane, M. (1994) Validating the Performance Standards Associated With Passing Scores. Rev Educ Res, 64: 425–461.
  • Kim, Y., Lee, J.M., Wellsandt, E., Rosen, A.B. (2020). Comparison of Shoulder Range of Motion, Strength, and Upper Quarter Dynamic Balance Between NCAA Division I Overhead Athletes With and Without A History of Shoulder Injury. Phys Ther Sport, 42,53-60.
  • Kramer, T.A., Sacko, R.S., Pfeifer, C.E., Gatens, D.R., Goins, J.M., Stodden, D.F. (2019). The Assocıatıon Between the Functional Movement Screen, Y-Balance Test, and Physical Performance Tests in Male and Female High School Athletes. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 16(4), 911-919. McGuigan, M. (2016). Principle of Test Selection and Administration. (Haff GG, Triplett NT ed.). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, 4th Edit. Human Kinetics, 249-259.
  • Morán-Navarro, R., Valverde-Conesa, A., López-Gullón, J.M., De la Cruz-Sánchez, E., Pallarés, J.G. (2015). Can Balance Skills Predıct Olympic Wrestling Performance? Journal of Sport and Health Research, 7(1), 19-30.
  • Mortazavi, J., Zebardast, J., Mirzashahi B. (2015). Low Back Pain in Athletes, Asian J Sports Med. 2015 June; 6(2): 1-8 Motte, S.J.D., Gribbin, T.C., Lisman, P., Murphy, K., Deuster, P.A. (2017). Muscular Endurance And Muscular Strength [Systematıc Review Of The Assocıatıon Between Physıcal Fıtness And Musculoskeletal Injury Rısk: Part 2]. J Strength Cond Res, 31(11), 3218–3234.
  • Myers, H., Poletti, M., Butler, R.J. (2017). Functional Performance on the Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Differs Between High School Baseball Players and Wrestlers. J Sport Rehabil, 26(3): 253-259.
  • Neves, L.F., DeSauza, C.Q., Stoffel, M., Picasso, C.L.M. (2017). The Y Balance Test How and Why to Do It? Int Phys Med Rehab J, 2(4):1-2.
  • Nikolaenko, N., Mikheyev, M.M., Afanas'ev, S.V. (2001). Changes of Motor and Sensory Asymmetries in Highly Trained Athletes. Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol, 37, 273–279. Robinson, R., Gribble, P. (2008). Kinematic Predictors of Performance on the Star Excursion Balance Test. Sport Rehabil, 17, 347-357.
  • Ruffe, N.J., Sorce, S.R., Rosenthal, M.D., Rauh, M.J. (2019). Lower Quarter and Upper Quarter Y Balance Tests as Predıctors of Runnıng-Related Injurıes ın Hıgh School Cross-Country Runners. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 14(5), 695-706.
  • Rzepko, M., Drozd, S., Żegleń, P., Król, P., Bajorek, W., Czarny, W. (2019) The Effect of Training Experience on Postural Control in Competitive Wrestlers. Journal of Human Kinetics Vol: 70/2019, 39-45.
  • Salo, T.D., Chaconas, E. (2017). The Effect of Fatigue on Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Scores İn Recreatıonal Weıghtlıfters: A Randomızed Controlled Trial. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 12 (2), 199-205.
  • Shahmuradov, Y.A. (1996). Free Style Wrestling. FILA, 5-44.
  • Smith, C.A., Chimera, N.J., Warren, M. (2014). Association of Y Balance Test Reach Asymmetry and Injury in Division I Athletes, American College of Sports Medicine, 47 (1), 136-141
  • Taylor, K.L. (2013). Footwork: Agility, Quickness, and Balance, Conditioning. (Bill Welker ed.) The Wrestling Drill Book, 2th. Ed. Human Kinetics, 295-347.
  • Toksöz, İ. (2011). “Batı Trakya Türk Topluluğunun Rodoplardaki Buluşma Noktasi”, Seçek Yaylasi Tarihi Seçek Yağli Güreşleri ve Kültür Etkinlikleri. Milli Folklor, 23-91.
  • Westrick, R.B., Miller, J.M., Carow, S.D., Gerber, J.P. (2012). Exploration of the Y Balance Test For Assessment of Upper Quarter Closed Kinetic Chain Performance. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 7(2): 139-147. Yard, E.E., Comstock, R.D. (2008). A Comparison of Pediatric Freestyle and Greco-Roman Wrestling Injuries Sustained During a 2006 US National Tournament, Scand. J Med Sci Sports, 18(4), 491-7
  • Yoon, J. (2002). Physiological Profiles of Elite Senior Wrestlers. Sports Med, 32(4), 225–233.

COMPARISON OF LOWER AND UPPER EXTREMITY Y BALANCE TEST SCORES OF GRECO-ROMAN AND FREESTYLE WRESTLERS

Year 2021, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 65 - 78, 30.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.828971

Abstract

The aim of the this study, to compare the Y balance test (YBT) scores of greco-roman (Gr) and freestyle (Fr) wrestlers, to determine the relationships between upper and lower extremity balance scores according to the competition style, to determine the risk of injuries in wrestling athletes, and to determine the effect of wrestling in different styles on YBT scores. Thirty three volunteer wrestlers were enrolled into the study (Gr=12, Fr=21). Wrestlers were evaluated by lower extremity Y balance test (LEYBT) and upper extremity Y balance test (UEYBT). LE and UE balance scores of Gr and Fr wrestlers were compared by MannWhitney U test whereas Spearman's Rank Order Correlation Coefficient (Spearman’s rho) was used to analyze the correlation between balance scores. Findings obtained revealed that LEYBT and UEYBT scores of Gr and Fr wrestlers were similar. A significant difference was detected between styles for lower reach distances (p<0.05). Although there was not any significant correlation between left LEYBT and UEYBT scores and right LEYBT and UEYBT scores in Gr wrestlers, a moderately significant correlation was detected between left LE and UE YBT scores. No significant correlation was detected between LEYBT and UE YBT scores in Gr wrestlers. A strong correlation was found for all reach directions and composite scores of LE YBT and UEYBT, and right and left correlations in Fr wrestlers. Study results revealed that wrestlers may adopt the stress caused by YBT and they achieved similar scores even they are involved in the same sports branch with different styles. However, athletes with similar composite scores achieved different reach distance scores. We recommend that athletes with similar composite scores have different reach distances, considering the composite score together with the lower reach scores for assessment the injury risk of athletes and planning injury prevention programs, and using LE YBT and UE YBT together for wrestling athletes.

References

  • Akhmedov, R., Demirhan, B., Cicioğlu, İ,, Canuzakov, K., Türkmen, M., Günay, M. (2016). Injury by regions seen in greco-roman & Freestyle wrestling. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 18 (3), 99-107
  • Alper, E., Eroğlu-Kolayiş, İ. (2020). Yıldız Güreşçilerde Güreş Performansı ile Gövde Stabilitesi, Dinamik Denge ve Fonksiyonel Hareketlilik Değerleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(1), 48-66.
  • Arus, E. (2018). Biomechanics of Human Motion Applications in the Martial Arts. 2th. ed. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, 224-270.
  • Alpar, R. (2016) Spor, Sağlık ve Eğitim Bilimlerinden Örneklerle Uygulamalı İstatistik ve Geçerlik-Güvenilirlik (Yenilenmiş 4. bs.). Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • Basar, S., Düzgün, İ., Guzel, NA., Cicioğlu, İ., Çelik, B. (2014). Differences in Strength, Flexibility and Stability in Freestyle and Greco-Roman Wrestlers. J Back Musculoskelet, 27(3), 321-330.
  • Chui, D. (2005). Wrestling: Rules, Tips, Strategy, and Safety. Rosen Puplished Group, 1th ed. 2005: 4-45. ÇimenPolat, S., Bulgay, C., Yarım, İ., Cicioğlu, H.İ., Çetin, E. (2018). Analysis of the Relationship Between Elite Wrestlers’ Leg Strength and Balance Performance, and Injury History, Sports Basel, 6(2),35.
  • Demirkan, E., Kutlu, M., Koz, M., Özal, M., Favre, M. (2014). Physical Fitness Differences between Freestyle and Greco-Roman Junior Wrestlers. J Hum Kinet. 41: 245-251.
  • Farahbakhsh, F. Akbari-Fakhrabadi, M., Shariat1, A., Cleland, J.A., Farahbakhsh, F., Seif-Barghi, T., Mansournia, M.A., Rostami, M., Kordi, R. (2018). Neck pain and low back pain in relation to functional disability in different sport activities, Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation 2018;14(3):509-515
  • Golant, A. (2014). Wrestling Injuries. Am J Sports Med 2-4.
  • Gorman, P.P., Butler, R.J., Plisky, P.J., Kiesel, K.B. (2012). Upper Quarter Y Balance Test. J Strength Cond Res, 26(11), 3043–3048.
  • Grindstaff, T.L., Potach, D.H. (2006). Prevention of Common Wrestling Injuries. Strength Cond. J, 28: 20–28.
  • Hartley, E.M., Hoch, M.C., Boling, M.C. (2018). Y-Balance Test Performance and BMI are Associated With Ankle Sprain Injury in Collegiate Male Athletes. J Sci Med Sport, 21(7), 676–680.
  • Haupt, H.A. (2001). Upper Extremıty Injurıes Assocıated With Strength Training. Clin Sport Med, 20(3):481–490.
  • Hazar, Z., Ulug, N., Yüksel, İ. (2014). Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Score of Patients with Shoulder Impingement Syndrome. OJSM, 2(11): suppl 3.
  • Hewett,T.E., Pasque, C., Heyl, R., Wroble, R. (2005). Wrestling Injuries. Med Sport Sci, 152–178.
  • Hooper, T. L., James, C. R., Brismée, J.-M., Rogers, T. J., Gilbert, K. K., Browne, K. L., & Sizer, P. S. (2016). Dynamic balance as measured by the Y-Balance Test is reduced in individuals with low back pain: A cross-sectional comparative study. Physical Therapy in Sport, 22, 29–34
  • Jang, T.R., Chang, C.F., Chen, S.C., Fu Y.C., Lu, T.W. (2009). Biomechanics and Potential Injury Mechanisms Of Wrestling. Biomed Eng Appl Basis Commun. 21(03), 215–222.
  • Kalça, A., Akburu, H. (2019). Bireysel Sporlar Güreş Ders Kitabı. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Ders Kitapları, 3. Baskı, 11, 32.
  • Kane, M. (1994) Validating the Performance Standards Associated With Passing Scores. Rev Educ Res, 64: 425–461.
  • Kim, Y., Lee, J.M., Wellsandt, E., Rosen, A.B. (2020). Comparison of Shoulder Range of Motion, Strength, and Upper Quarter Dynamic Balance Between NCAA Division I Overhead Athletes With and Without A History of Shoulder Injury. Phys Ther Sport, 42,53-60.
  • Kramer, T.A., Sacko, R.S., Pfeifer, C.E., Gatens, D.R., Goins, J.M., Stodden, D.F. (2019). The Assocıatıon Between the Functional Movement Screen, Y-Balance Test, and Physical Performance Tests in Male and Female High School Athletes. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 16(4), 911-919. McGuigan, M. (2016). Principle of Test Selection and Administration. (Haff GG, Triplett NT ed.). Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, 4th Edit. Human Kinetics, 249-259.
  • Morán-Navarro, R., Valverde-Conesa, A., López-Gullón, J.M., De la Cruz-Sánchez, E., Pallarés, J.G. (2015). Can Balance Skills Predıct Olympic Wrestling Performance? Journal of Sport and Health Research, 7(1), 19-30.
  • Mortazavi, J., Zebardast, J., Mirzashahi B. (2015). Low Back Pain in Athletes, Asian J Sports Med. 2015 June; 6(2): 1-8 Motte, S.J.D., Gribbin, T.C., Lisman, P., Murphy, K., Deuster, P.A. (2017). Muscular Endurance And Muscular Strength [Systematıc Review Of The Assocıatıon Between Physıcal Fıtness And Musculoskeletal Injury Rısk: Part 2]. J Strength Cond Res, 31(11), 3218–3234.
  • Myers, H., Poletti, M., Butler, R.J. (2017). Functional Performance on the Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Differs Between High School Baseball Players and Wrestlers. J Sport Rehabil, 26(3): 253-259.
  • Neves, L.F., DeSauza, C.Q., Stoffel, M., Picasso, C.L.M. (2017). The Y Balance Test How and Why to Do It? Int Phys Med Rehab J, 2(4):1-2.
  • Nikolaenko, N., Mikheyev, M.M., Afanas'ev, S.V. (2001). Changes of Motor and Sensory Asymmetries in Highly Trained Athletes. Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol, 37, 273–279. Robinson, R., Gribble, P. (2008). Kinematic Predictors of Performance on the Star Excursion Balance Test. Sport Rehabil, 17, 347-357.
  • Ruffe, N.J., Sorce, S.R., Rosenthal, M.D., Rauh, M.J. (2019). Lower Quarter and Upper Quarter Y Balance Tests as Predıctors of Runnıng-Related Injurıes ın Hıgh School Cross-Country Runners. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 14(5), 695-706.
  • Rzepko, M., Drozd, S., Żegleń, P., Król, P., Bajorek, W., Czarny, W. (2019) The Effect of Training Experience on Postural Control in Competitive Wrestlers. Journal of Human Kinetics Vol: 70/2019, 39-45.
  • Salo, T.D., Chaconas, E. (2017). The Effect of Fatigue on Upper Quarter Y-Balance Test Scores İn Recreatıonal Weıghtlıfters: A Randomızed Controlled Trial. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 12 (2), 199-205.
  • Shahmuradov, Y.A. (1996). Free Style Wrestling. FILA, 5-44.
  • Smith, C.A., Chimera, N.J., Warren, M. (2014). Association of Y Balance Test Reach Asymmetry and Injury in Division I Athletes, American College of Sports Medicine, 47 (1), 136-141
  • Taylor, K.L. (2013). Footwork: Agility, Quickness, and Balance, Conditioning. (Bill Welker ed.) The Wrestling Drill Book, 2th. Ed. Human Kinetics, 295-347.
  • Toksöz, İ. (2011). “Batı Trakya Türk Topluluğunun Rodoplardaki Buluşma Noktasi”, Seçek Yaylasi Tarihi Seçek Yağli Güreşleri ve Kültür Etkinlikleri. Milli Folklor, 23-91.
  • Westrick, R.B., Miller, J.M., Carow, S.D., Gerber, J.P. (2012). Exploration of the Y Balance Test For Assessment of Upper Quarter Closed Kinetic Chain Performance. Int J Sports Phys Ther, 7(2): 139-147. Yard, E.E., Comstock, R.D. (2008). A Comparison of Pediatric Freestyle and Greco-Roman Wrestling Injuries Sustained During a 2006 US National Tournament, Scand. J Med Sci Sports, 18(4), 491-7
  • Yoon, J. (2002). Physiological Profiles of Elite Senior Wrestlers. Sports Med, 32(4), 225–233.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ahmet Bayrak 0000-0001-7854-6407

Necmiye Ün Yıldırım 0000-0002-5527-4290

Publication Date March 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 19 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Bayrak, A., & Ün Yıldırım, N. (2021). GREKOROMEN VE SERBEST STİL GÜREŞÇİLERDE ALT VE ÜST EKSTREMİTE Y DENGE TEST SKORLARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(1), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.828971

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