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Evaluation of Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients Followed Up With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Year 2022, Volume: 16 Issue: 6, 545 - 550, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.1165606

Abstract

Objective: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a common long-term complication of preterm birth. The evaluation of patients with advanced radiologic methods at early ages is essential in terms of determining the severity of the disease and follow-up. As a non-ionizing modality, magnetic resonance imaging is particularly appropriate for the repeated radiological assessment of pulmonary pathologies associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Material and Methods: Patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and underwent lung magnetic resonance imaging between August 2017 and August 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Coronal and axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was performed (TR/TE: 4500-5300/90-106 msec). A pediatric radiologist evaluated magnetic resonance imaging findings. Pulmonary structural findings and their distribution were determined (fibrotic bands, distortion). The findings were compared with bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients’ severity, clinical and demographic characteristics. The imaging was performed during the patient’s sleep time without sedation or by giving chlorhydrate.

Results: A total of 7 patients were included in the study. Three patients were female, and 4 were male. According to bronchopulmonary dysplasia classification, 1 patient was mild, 3 patients were moderate, and 3 were severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The median gestational week was 26.2. In mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients, fibrotic bands were seen in <3 segment, and there was no parenchymal distortion. Bronchovascular distortion was observed in moderate and severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients.

Conclusion: Pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging can reveal structural abnormalities in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and can be used as an imaging method in the follow-up of patients.

References

  • Higano NS, Spielberg DR, Fleck RJ, Schapiro AH, Walkup LL, Hahn AD, et al. Neonatal Pulmonary Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Predicts Short-Term Clinical Outcomes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018;198:1302-11.
  • Northway WH, Jr., Rosan RC, Porter DY. Pulmonary disease following respirator therapy of hyaline-membrane disease. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. N Engl J Med 1967;276:357-68.
  • Prayle A, Rosenow T. Looking under the bonnet of bronchopulmonary dysplasia with MRI. Thorax 2020;75:100.
  • Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Bell EF, Walsh MC, Carlo WA, Shankaran S, et al. Trends in Care Practices, Morbidity, and Mortality of Extremely Preterm Neonates, 1993-2012. JAMA 2015;314:1039-51.
  • Michael Z, Spyropoulos F, Ghanta S, Christou H. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: An Update of Current Pharmacologic Therapies and New Approaches. Clin Med Insights Pediatr 2018;12:1179556518817322.
  • Keszler M, Sant’Anna G. Mechanical Ventilation and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Clin Perinatol 2015;42:781-96.
  • Hayes D, Jr., Feola DJ, Murphy BS, Shook LA, Ballard HO. Pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Respiration 2010;79:425-36.
  • Schena F, Francescato G, Cappelleri A, Picciolli I, Mayer A, Mosca F, et al. Association between Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Pediatr 2015;166:1488-92.
  • Ehrenkranz RA, Walsh MC, Vohr BR, Jobe AH, Wright LL, Fanaroff AA, et al. Validation of the National Institutes of Health consensus definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatrics 2005;116:1353-60.
  • Higgins RD, Jobe AH, Koso-Thomas M, Bancalari E, Viscardi RM, Hartert TV, et al. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Executive Summary of a Workshop. J Pediatr 2018;197:300-8.
  • Jensen EA, Wright CJ. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: The Ongoing Search for One Definition to Rule Them All. J Pediatr 2018;197:8-10.
  • Bonadies L, Zaramella P, Porzionato A, Perilongo G, Muraca M, Baraldi E. Present and Future of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Clin Med 2020;9:1539.
  • Dassios T, Curley A, Krokidis M, Morley C, Ross-Russell R. Correlation of radiographic thoracic area and oxygenation impairment in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016;220:40-5.
  • Semple T, Akhtar MR, Owens CM. Imaging Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-A Multimodality Update. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017;4:88.
  • Moschino L, Bonadies L, Baraldi E. Lung growth and pulmonary function after prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021;56:3499-508.
  • Griscom NT, Wheeler WB, Sweezey NB, Kim YC, Lindsey JC, Wohl ME. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: radiographic appearance in middle childhood. Radiology 1989;171:811-4.
  • van Mastrigt E, Logie K, Ciet P, Reiss IK, Duijts L, Pijnenburg MW, et al. Lung CT imaging in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A systematic review. Pediatr Pulmonol 2016;51:975-86.
  • Walkup LL, Woods JC. Newer Imaging Techniques for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Clin Perinatol 2015;42:871-87.
  • Flors L, Mugler JP, Paget-Brown A, Froh DK, de Lange EE, Patrie JT, et al. Hyperpolarized Helium-3 Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Abnormalities of Lung Structure in Children With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Thorac Imaging 2017;32:323-32.
  • Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, Muller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology 2008;246:697-722.
  • Duijts L, van Meel ER, Moschino L, Baraldi E, Barnhoorn M, Bramer WM, et al. European Respiratory Society guideline on long-term management of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Eur Respir J 2020;55:1900788.
  • Brenner D, Elliston C, Hall E, Berdon W. Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001;176:289-96.
  • Yoder LM, Higano NS, Schapiro AH, Fleck RJ, Hysinger EB, Bates AJ, et al. Elevated lung volumes in neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia measured via MRI. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019;54:1311-8.
  • Kotecha SJ, Edwards MO, Watkins WJ, Henderson AJ, Paranjothy S, Dunstan FD, et al. Effect of preterm birth on later FEV1: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 2013;68:760-6.
  • Vollsaeter M, Clemm HH, Satrell E, Eide GE, Roksund OD, Markestad T, et al. Adult respiratory outcomes of extreme preterm birth. A regional cohort study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015;12:313-22.
  • Hirata K, Nishihara M, Shiraishi J, Hirano S, Matsunami K, Sumi K, et al. Perinatal factors associated with long-term respiratory sequelae in extremely low birthweight infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2015;100:F314-9.
  • Moschino L, Stocchero M, Filippone M, Carraro S, Baraldi E. Longitudinal Assessment of Lung Function in Survivors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia from Birth to Adulthood. The Padova BPD Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018;198:134-7.

Bronkopulmoner Displazi Tanısı ile İzlenen Hastaların Akciğer Manyetik Rezonans Görüntülemelerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 16 Issue: 6, 545 - 550, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.1165606

Abstract

Amaç: Bronkopulmoner displazi erken doğumun sık görülen uzun vadeli bir komplikasyonudur. Hastaların erken dönemde en yeni radyolojik teknikler kullanılarak değerlendirilmesi, hastalığın şiddetinin değerlendirilmesi ve takip planının yapılması açısından çok önemlidir. İyonize olmayan bir modalite olan manyetik rezonans görüntüleme, bronkopulmoner displazi ile ilgili akciğer patolojilerin radyolojik değerlendirmesi ve izleminde yol gösterici olabilir.


Gereç ve Yöntemler:
Ağustos 2017-Ağustos 2019 tarihleri arasında bronkopulmoner displazi tanısı ile takip edilen ve akciğer manyetik rezonans görüntülemesi yapılan hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Koronal ve aksiyel T2 ağırlıklı magnetik rezonans görüntüleri incelendi (TR/TE: 4500-5300/90-106 msn). Manyetik rezonans görüntüleme bulguları bir pediatrik radyolog tarafından değerlendirildi. Akciğerlerin yapısal durumu ve patolojik bulguları değerlendirildi (fibrotik bantlar, distrosiyon). Bulgular, BPD hastalarının şiddeti, klinik ve demografik özellikleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Görüntüleme sedasyon yapılmadan veya kloralhidrat verilmeksizin hastanın uyku süresinde yapıldı.

Bulgular: Toplamda yedi hasta araştırmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların dördü erkek, üçü kızdı. Bonkopulmoner displazi sınıflamasına göre 1 hastanın hafif, 3 hastanın orta düzeyde ve 4 hastanın şiddetli bronkopulmoner displazisi vardı. Ortalama gebelik haftası 26.2 haftaydı. Hafif bronkopulmoner displazi hastalarında <3 segmentte fibrotik bantlar görüldü ve parankimal distorsiyon saptanmadı. Orta ve şiddetli bronkopulmoner displazi hastalarında bronkovasküler distorsiyon gözlendi.

Sonuç: Akciğerlerin manyetik rezonans görüntüleme ile değerlendirilmesi bronkopulmoner displazili hastalarda yapısal anormallikleri gösterebilir ve hastaların takibinde görüntüleme yöntemi olarak kullanılabilir.

References

  • Higano NS, Spielberg DR, Fleck RJ, Schapiro AH, Walkup LL, Hahn AD, et al. Neonatal Pulmonary Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Predicts Short-Term Clinical Outcomes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018;198:1302-11.
  • Northway WH, Jr., Rosan RC, Porter DY. Pulmonary disease following respirator therapy of hyaline-membrane disease. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia. N Engl J Med 1967;276:357-68.
  • Prayle A, Rosenow T. Looking under the bonnet of bronchopulmonary dysplasia with MRI. Thorax 2020;75:100.
  • Stoll BJ, Hansen NI, Bell EF, Walsh MC, Carlo WA, Shankaran S, et al. Trends in Care Practices, Morbidity, and Mortality of Extremely Preterm Neonates, 1993-2012. JAMA 2015;314:1039-51.
  • Michael Z, Spyropoulos F, Ghanta S, Christou H. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: An Update of Current Pharmacologic Therapies and New Approaches. Clin Med Insights Pediatr 2018;12:1179556518817322.
  • Keszler M, Sant’Anna G. Mechanical Ventilation and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Clin Perinatol 2015;42:781-96.
  • Hayes D, Jr., Feola DJ, Murphy BS, Shook LA, Ballard HO. Pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Respiration 2010;79:425-36.
  • Schena F, Francescato G, Cappelleri A, Picciolli I, Mayer A, Mosca F, et al. Association between Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Pediatr 2015;166:1488-92.
  • Ehrenkranz RA, Walsh MC, Vohr BR, Jobe AH, Wright LL, Fanaroff AA, et al. Validation of the National Institutes of Health consensus definition of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatrics 2005;116:1353-60.
  • Higgins RD, Jobe AH, Koso-Thomas M, Bancalari E, Viscardi RM, Hartert TV, et al. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Executive Summary of a Workshop. J Pediatr 2018;197:300-8.
  • Jensen EA, Wright CJ. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: The Ongoing Search for One Definition to Rule Them All. J Pediatr 2018;197:8-10.
  • Bonadies L, Zaramella P, Porzionato A, Perilongo G, Muraca M, Baraldi E. Present and Future of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Clin Med 2020;9:1539.
  • Dassios T, Curley A, Krokidis M, Morley C, Ross-Russell R. Correlation of radiographic thoracic area and oxygenation impairment in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016;220:40-5.
  • Semple T, Akhtar MR, Owens CM. Imaging Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-A Multimodality Update. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017;4:88.
  • Moschino L, Bonadies L, Baraldi E. Lung growth and pulmonary function after prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021;56:3499-508.
  • Griscom NT, Wheeler WB, Sweezey NB, Kim YC, Lindsey JC, Wohl ME. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: radiographic appearance in middle childhood. Radiology 1989;171:811-4.
  • van Mastrigt E, Logie K, Ciet P, Reiss IK, Duijts L, Pijnenburg MW, et al. Lung CT imaging in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A systematic review. Pediatr Pulmonol 2016;51:975-86.
  • Walkup LL, Woods JC. Newer Imaging Techniques for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Clin Perinatol 2015;42:871-87.
  • Flors L, Mugler JP, Paget-Brown A, Froh DK, de Lange EE, Patrie JT, et al. Hyperpolarized Helium-3 Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Detects Abnormalities of Lung Structure in Children With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. J Thorac Imaging 2017;32:323-32.
  • Hansell DM, Bankier AA, MacMahon H, McLoud TC, Muller NL, Remy J. Fleischner Society: glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Radiology 2008;246:697-722.
  • Duijts L, van Meel ER, Moschino L, Baraldi E, Barnhoorn M, Bramer WM, et al. European Respiratory Society guideline on long-term management of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Eur Respir J 2020;55:1900788.
  • Brenner D, Elliston C, Hall E, Berdon W. Estimated risks of radiation-induced fatal cancer from pediatric CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2001;176:289-96.
  • Yoder LM, Higano NS, Schapiro AH, Fleck RJ, Hysinger EB, Bates AJ, et al. Elevated lung volumes in neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia measured via MRI. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019;54:1311-8.
  • Kotecha SJ, Edwards MO, Watkins WJ, Henderson AJ, Paranjothy S, Dunstan FD, et al. Effect of preterm birth on later FEV1: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorax 2013;68:760-6.
  • Vollsaeter M, Clemm HH, Satrell E, Eide GE, Roksund OD, Markestad T, et al. Adult respiratory outcomes of extreme preterm birth. A regional cohort study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015;12:313-22.
  • Hirata K, Nishihara M, Shiraishi J, Hirano S, Matsunami K, Sumi K, et al. Perinatal factors associated with long-term respiratory sequelae in extremely low birthweight infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2015;100:F314-9.
  • Moschino L, Stocchero M, Filippone M, Carraro S, Baraldi E. Longitudinal Assessment of Lung Function in Survivors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia from Birth to Adulthood. The Padova BPD Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018;198:134-7.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Authors

Sanem Eryılmaz Polat 0000-0003-2309-7952

Mina Hızal 0000-0002-6922-4948

Gökçen Dilşa Tuğcu 0000-0002-9804-1200

Altan Güneş 0000-0002-0365-1218

Güzin Cinel 0000-0002-6209-196X

Publication Date November 30, 2022
Submission Date August 22, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 16 Issue: 6

Cite

Vancouver Eryılmaz Polat S, Hızal M, Tuğcu GD, Güneş A, Cinel G. Evaluation of Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Patients Followed Up With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2022;16(6):545-50.


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