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Diagnostic Criteria of Parasomnias and Other Paroxysmal Events in Sleep

Year 2017, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 127 - 134, 20.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.318059

Abstract

Parasomnias are undesirable physical reactions
occurring during sleep transition, during arousal from sleep, or within the
sleep period. Parasomnias are divided into sub- groups according to the stage
of sleep; I) parasomnias usually associated with Non-Rapid eye movement sleep, II) parasomnias
usually associated with Rapid eye movement sleep, III) other
parasomnias. Parasomnias may significantly affect the patient and the relatives
of the patient’s quality of life. The proper treatment is suggested when quality
of life is affected. Therefore, proper diagnosis and differantial diagnosis
from other paroksismal sleep behavior disorder should be done when these attacks
detected.


 Parasomniler uyku geçişlerinde, uykudan
uyanma ya da uyku sırasında ortaya çıkan istenilmeyen fiziksel reaksiyonlardır.
Parasomniler
uyku evrelerine göre; I) Non-rapid eye movement uykusu ile ilişkili
parasomniler, II) Rapid eye movement uykusu ile ilişkili
parasomniler ve III) Diğer parasomniler olarak sınıflandırılırlar. Hasta ve hasta yakınının yaşam kalitesini
etkilediği dönemde mutlaka tedavi önerilmektedir. Bu nedenle uykunun paroksismal
diğer olaylarından ayırt edilmesi ve doğru tanı konulması gerekmektedir.

References

  • 1. Kotagal S. Pathophysiologiy of Parasomnias. In: Ivanenko A, Kothre SV. Parasomnias: clinical characterstics and treatment.New York: Springer;2013. p.9-14.
  • 2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition: Diagnostic and Coding Manual, Westchester, Ill: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2014;146(5):1387-94.
  • 3. 3-Grillner S. Neurobiological bases of rhythmic motor acts in vertebrates. Science. 1985;228:143–49.
  • 4. 4-Grillner S, Wallen P, Saitoh K, Kozlov K, Robertson B. Neural bases of goal directed locomotion in vertebrates-an overview. Brain Res Rev.2008;57:2-12.
  • 5. Tassinari CA, Rubboli G, Gardelia E, Cantalupo G, Calandra-Buonaura G,Vedolvello M, Central pattern generators for acommon semiology in frontolimbic seizures and in parasomnias. A neuroethiologic approach. Neurol Sci 2005;263:225-32.
  • 6. Carter KA, Hathaway NE, Lettieri CF, Common sleep disorders in children. Am Fam Physician. 2014 Mar 1;89(5):368-77.
  • 7. 7- Mahowald M, Schenck C. REM sleep behavior disorder. In Kieger M, Roth T, Dement W, eds. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000. P :724-41.
  • 8. Iranzo A,Santamaria J, Tolosa E,he clinical and pathophysiological relevance of REM sleep behavior disorder in neurodegenerative diseases. Sleep Med Rev 2009;13:385-401.
  • 9. Lloyd R, Tippman-Peikert M, Slocumb N, Kotagal S. Characteristics of REM sleep behavior disorder inchildhood. J Clin Sleep Med 2012:15:127–31.
  • 10. Shenck CH, Bundlie SR, Mahowald MW, Delayed emergence of a parkinsonian disorder in % 38 of 29 older men intially diagnosed with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Neurology. 1996; 46:388-93.
  • 11. Goode G. Sleep paralysis. Arch Neurol 1962; 6:228–34.
  • 12. Ohayon M, Zulley J, Guilleminault C, Smirne S. Prevalence and pathologic associations of sleep paralysisin the general population. Neurology 1999;52:1194–200.
  • 13. Levin R, Fireman G, Nightmare prevelance , nightmare distress and self reportepsychological disturbance. Sleep 2002;54:1092-8.
  • 14. Germain A, Nielsen T. Sleep pathophysiology in posttraumatic stress disorder and idiopathic nightmaresufferers. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54:1092–8.
  • 15. Campbell R, Germain A, Nightmares and posttraumatic stress disorder. Current Sleep Medicine Reports 2016;2(2):74-80.
  • 16. Pagel J, Helfter P. Drug induced nightmares—an etiology based review. Hum Psychopharmacol 2003; 18:59–67.
  • 17. Sachs C, Svanborg E. The exploding head syndrome: polysomnographic recordings and therapeutic suggestions. Sleep 1991; 14:263–6.
  • 18. Ohayon M. Prevalence of hallucinations and their pathological associations in the general population. Psychiatry Res 2000; 97:153–64.
  • 19. Bjorvatn B, Gronli J, Pallesen S. Prevalence of different parasomnias in the general population. Sleep Med2010; 11:1031–4.
  • 20. Zadra A, Desautels A, Petit D, Montplaisir J., Somnanbulism: Clinical aspects and pathophysiological hypothess. Lancet Neurol 2013; 12(3):285-94.
  • 21. Provini F, Tinuper P, Bisuli F, Lugaresi E. Arousal disorders. Sleep Med 2011;12 Suppl2:S22-6.
  • 22. Olson E, Boeve B, Siber M, Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder:demographic,clinical, and laboratory findings in 93 cases. Brain 2000;123 (Pt2): 331-9.
  • 23. Schenck C, Mahowald M. REM sleep behavior disorder: Clinical, developmental and neruroscience perspectives 16 years after its formal identification in SLEEP. Sleep 2002;25(2):120-38.
  • 24. Chen CN. The use of clomipramine as an REM sleep suppressant in narcolepsy. Postgrad Med J 1980;56 Suppl: 1:86-9.
  • 25. Kung S, Espinel Z, Lapid MI. Treatment of nightmareswith prazosin: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc 2012:87 (9):890-900.
  • 26. Lancee J, Spoormaker VI, Krakow B, van den BoutJ. A systematic review of cognitive-behavioral treatment for nightmares: toward a well-established treatment. J Clin Sleep Med 2008;4(5):475-80.
Year 2017, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 127 - 134, 20.06.2017
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.318059

Abstract

References

  • 1. Kotagal S. Pathophysiologiy of Parasomnias. In: Ivanenko A, Kothre SV. Parasomnias: clinical characterstics and treatment.New York: Springer;2013. p.9-14.
  • 2. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition: Diagnostic and Coding Manual, Westchester, Ill: American Academy of Sleep Medicine; 2014;146(5):1387-94.
  • 3. 3-Grillner S. Neurobiological bases of rhythmic motor acts in vertebrates. Science. 1985;228:143–49.
  • 4. 4-Grillner S, Wallen P, Saitoh K, Kozlov K, Robertson B. Neural bases of goal directed locomotion in vertebrates-an overview. Brain Res Rev.2008;57:2-12.
  • 5. Tassinari CA, Rubboli G, Gardelia E, Cantalupo G, Calandra-Buonaura G,Vedolvello M, Central pattern generators for acommon semiology in frontolimbic seizures and in parasomnias. A neuroethiologic approach. Neurol Sci 2005;263:225-32.
  • 6. Carter KA, Hathaway NE, Lettieri CF, Common sleep disorders in children. Am Fam Physician. 2014 Mar 1;89(5):368-77.
  • 7. 7- Mahowald M, Schenck C. REM sleep behavior disorder. In Kieger M, Roth T, Dement W, eds. Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2000. P :724-41.
  • 8. Iranzo A,Santamaria J, Tolosa E,he clinical and pathophysiological relevance of REM sleep behavior disorder in neurodegenerative diseases. Sleep Med Rev 2009;13:385-401.
  • 9. Lloyd R, Tippman-Peikert M, Slocumb N, Kotagal S. Characteristics of REM sleep behavior disorder inchildhood. J Clin Sleep Med 2012:15:127–31.
  • 10. Shenck CH, Bundlie SR, Mahowald MW, Delayed emergence of a parkinsonian disorder in % 38 of 29 older men intially diagnosed with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Neurology. 1996; 46:388-93.
  • 11. Goode G. Sleep paralysis. Arch Neurol 1962; 6:228–34.
  • 12. Ohayon M, Zulley J, Guilleminault C, Smirne S. Prevalence and pathologic associations of sleep paralysisin the general population. Neurology 1999;52:1194–200.
  • 13. Levin R, Fireman G, Nightmare prevelance , nightmare distress and self reportepsychological disturbance. Sleep 2002;54:1092-8.
  • 14. Germain A, Nielsen T. Sleep pathophysiology in posttraumatic stress disorder and idiopathic nightmaresufferers. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54:1092–8.
  • 15. Campbell R, Germain A, Nightmares and posttraumatic stress disorder. Current Sleep Medicine Reports 2016;2(2):74-80.
  • 16. Pagel J, Helfter P. Drug induced nightmares—an etiology based review. Hum Psychopharmacol 2003; 18:59–67.
  • 17. Sachs C, Svanborg E. The exploding head syndrome: polysomnographic recordings and therapeutic suggestions. Sleep 1991; 14:263–6.
  • 18. Ohayon M. Prevalence of hallucinations and their pathological associations in the general population. Psychiatry Res 2000; 97:153–64.
  • 19. Bjorvatn B, Gronli J, Pallesen S. Prevalence of different parasomnias in the general population. Sleep Med2010; 11:1031–4.
  • 20. Zadra A, Desautels A, Petit D, Montplaisir J., Somnanbulism: Clinical aspects and pathophysiological hypothess. Lancet Neurol 2013; 12(3):285-94.
  • 21. Provini F, Tinuper P, Bisuli F, Lugaresi E. Arousal disorders. Sleep Med 2011;12 Suppl2:S22-6.
  • 22. Olson E, Boeve B, Siber M, Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder:demographic,clinical, and laboratory findings in 93 cases. Brain 2000;123 (Pt2): 331-9.
  • 23. Schenck C, Mahowald M. REM sleep behavior disorder: Clinical, developmental and neruroscience perspectives 16 years after its formal identification in SLEEP. Sleep 2002;25(2):120-38.
  • 24. Chen CN. The use of clomipramine as an REM sleep suppressant in narcolepsy. Postgrad Med J 1980;56 Suppl: 1:86-9.
  • 25. Kung S, Espinel Z, Lapid MI. Treatment of nightmareswith prazosin: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc 2012:87 (9):890-900.
  • 26. Lancee J, Spoormaker VI, Krakow B, van den BoutJ. A systematic review of cognitive-behavioral treatment for nightmares: toward a well-established treatment. J Clin Sleep Med 2008;4(5):475-80.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Review
Authors

Mehmet Taylan Peköz

Duygu Kurt Gök

Hacer Bozdemir

Kezban Aslan

Publication Date June 20, 2017
Submission Date June 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Peköz MT, Kurt Gök D, Bozdemir H, Aslan K. Diagnostic Criteria of Parasomnias and Other Paroxysmal Events in Sleep. TJFMPC. 2017;11(2):127-34.

English or Turkish manuscripts from authors with new knowledge to contribute to understanding and improving health and primary care are welcome.