Üniversite Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 Pandemisine Yönelik Algı ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Süheyla Aykaç Yazıcıoğlu; Deniz Taşkın; Fatma Çarıkçı

Research Article

Üniversite Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 Pandemisine Yönelik Algı ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 10 - 21, 30.12.2022

Süheyla Aykaç Yazıcıoğlu Deniz Taşkın Fatma Çarıkçı

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, sağlık alanında öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19 pandemisine yönelik algı ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı kesitsel çalışma, 10 Şubat-10 Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da bir vakıf üniversitesinin Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu’nda 2021-2022 eğitim ve öğretim yılı güz yarıyılında öğrenim gören 754 öğrenci ile gerçekleşmiştir. Veriler; “Genel Bilgi Formu” ve “COVID-19 Salgınına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS 21.0 programı ile yapılmıştır ve %95 güven aralığında çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada etki düzeyi 0,20 olarak hesaplanırken, Power (1-β err prob) değeri 0,88 olarak bulunmuştur. COVID-19 Salgınına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumları puanlarının demografik özelliklere göre farklılık gösterme durumunun analiz edilmesi için t testi ve ANOVA testi kullanılmıştır. ANOVA testinde fark çıkması durumunda çoklu karşılaştırma LSD testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmamızda sağlık alanında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin COVID-19 Salgınına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumları ölçek puanları ile öğrencilerin cinsiyet, yaş, aşı durumu, COVID-19 geçirme durumu, COVID-19 nedeniyle ailesinden birini kaybetmiş olma durumu değişkenleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Ek olarak katılımcıların %22,1’inin aşı takvimini tamamlamadığı belirlenmiş olup %53,3’ü kararsız olmaları sebebi ile aşılanmasını tamamlamadığını bildirmiştir.
Sonuç: Sağlık alanında öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19 pandemisine yönelik algı ve tutumları değerlendirildiğinde halen hastalığın nedenleri ile kontrolü algısında ve hastalıktan korunma davranışları konularında tereddütlerinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aşılanma tutumları zaman içinde değişebileceğinden, yakın gelecekte daha geniş bir topluluk üzerinde yapılacak ileri çalışmalar, elde edilen bilgilere dayalı müdahalelerin değerlendirilmesinin yanı sıra mevcut aşı kabulü anlayışına yarar sağlayabilir.

Keywords

COVID-19, tutum, öğrenci sağlık hizmetleri

References

1. World Health Organization [Internet]. ©2021 WHO [Erişim tarihi:06.06.2022]. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). [Erişim Linki]
2. Calina D, Docea AO, Petrakis D, Egorov AM, Ishmukhametov AA, Gabibov AG, Shtilman MI, Kostoff R, Carvalho F, Vinceti M, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A. Towards effective COVID 19 vaccines: Updates, perspectives and challenges. Int J Mol Med. 2020 Jul;46(1):3-16.
3. World Health Organization [Internet]. ©2021 WHO [Erişim tarihi:1.06.2022]. Vaccination: European Commission and World Health Organization join forces to promote the benefits of vaccines. [Erişim Linki]
4. Puri N, Coomes EA, Haghbayan H, Gunaratne K. Social media and vaccine hesitancy: new updates for the era of COVID-19 and globalized infectious diseases. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020 Nov 1;16(11):2586-2593.
5. Brewer NT, Chapman GB, Rothman AJ, Leask J, Kempe A. Increasing vaccination: putting psychological science ınto action. Psychol Sci Public Interest. 2017 Dec;18(3):149-207.
6. Yaqub O, Castle-Clarke S, Sevdalis N, Chataway J. Attitudes to vaccination: a critical review. Soc Sci Med. 2014 Jul;112:1-11.
7. Loomba S, de Figueiredo A, Piatek SJ, de Graaf K, Larson HJ. Author correction: measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Jul;5(7):960. Erratum for: Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Mar;5(3):337-348.
8. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Covid-19 Bilgilendirme Platformu [Internet]. ©2022 T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı [Erişim tarihi: 06.06.2022]. Günlük COVID-19 Aşı Tablosu. [Erişim Linki]
9. Palamenghi L, Barello S, Boccia S, Graffigna G. Mistrust in biomedical research and vaccine hesitancy: the forefront challenge in the battle against COVID-19 in Italy. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020 Aug;35(8):785-788.
10. Artan T, Karaman M, Arslan İ, Cebeci F. (2021). COVID-19 Salgınına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği’nin değerlendirilmesi. Sosyal Çalışma Dergisi. 2020;4 (2):101-107.
11. An L, Bacon E, Hawley S, Yang P, Russell D, Huffman S, et al. Relationship between Coronavirus-related ehealth literacy and COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices among US adults: Web-based survey study. J Med Internet Res. 2021 Mar 29;23(3):e25042.
12. Azlan AA, Hamzah MR, Sern TJ, Ayub SH, Mohamad E. Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. PLoS One. 2020 May 21;15(5):e0233668.
13. Kaçan H, Öztürk A, Değer, VB. Bireylerin kaygıları covid-19 salgınına yönelik algı ve tutumlarını etkiler mi?. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2021;13(Suppl 1):405-420. [Erişim Linki]
14. Sallam M, Dababseh D, Eid H, Al-Mahzoum K, Al-Haidar A, Taim D, et al. High rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and Its association with conspiracy beliefs: A study in Jordan and Kuwait among other Arab countries. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Jan 12;9(1):42.
15. Zintel S, Flock C, Arbogast AL, Forster A, von Wagner C, Sieverding M. Gender differences in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Z Gesundh Wiss. 2022 Jan 7:1-25.
16. Al-Jayyousi GF, Sherbash MAM, Ali LAM, El-Heneidy A, Alhussaini NWZ, Elhassan MEA, et al. Factors ınfluencing public attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination: A scoping review ınformed by the socio-ecological model. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 May 24;9(6):548.
17. Yadav RK, Khatri E, Marahatta SB, Yadav DK, Baral Y, Poudyal J, et al. Attitude and perception of young adults regarding uptake of COVID-19 vaccine in Nepal: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination. 2021;12(4):1-10.
18. Paul E, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021 Feb;1:100012.
19. Voo JYH, Lean QY, Ming LC, Md Hanafiah NH, Al-Worafi YM, Ibrahim B. Vaccine knowledge, awareness and hesitancy: a cross sectional survey among parents residing at Sandakan district, Sabah. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 17;9(11):1348.
20. Mohd Azizi FS, Kew Y, Moy FM. Vaccine hesitancy among parents in a multi-ethnic country, Malaysia. Vaccine. 2017 May 19;35(22):2955-2961.
21. Ward JK, Peretti-Watel P, Verger P. Vaccine criticism on the ınternet: Propositions for future research. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Jul 2;12(7):1924-9.
22. Alfahl SO, Alharbi KM. Parents’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards childhood vaccination, AlMadinah, Saudi Arabia, 2017. Journal of Neonatal and Pediatric Medicine. 2017;3(1):126.
23. Mahmud S, Mohsin M, Khan IA, Mian AU, Zaman MA. Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and perceived risk about COVID-19 vaccine and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Bangladesh. PLoS One. 2021 Sep 9;16(9):e0257096.
24. Seale H, Heywood AE, Leask J, Sheel M, Durrheim DN, Bolsewicz K, et al. Examining Australian public perceptions and behaviors towards a future COVID-19 vaccine. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jan 28;21(1):120.
25. Bai W, Cai H, Liu S, Liu H, Qi H, Chen X, et al. Attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines in Chinese college students. Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Apr 10;17(6):1469-1475.
26. Lucia VC, Kelekar A, Afonso NM. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical students. J Public Health (Oxf). 2021 Sep 22;43(3):445-449.
27. Albaqawi HM, Alquwez N, Balay-Odao E, Bajet JB, Alabdulaziz H, Alsolami F, et al. Nursing students' perceptions, knowledge, and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19: A multi-university study. Front Public Health. 2020 Dec 23;8:573390.
28. Eguia H, Vinciarelli F, Bosque-Prous M, Kristensen T, Saigí-Rubió F. Spain's hesitation at the gates of a COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Feb 18;9(2):170.
29. Ullah I, Khan KS, Tahir MJ, Ahmed A, Harapan H. Myths and conspiracy theories on vaccines and COVID-19: Potential effect on global vaccine refusals. Vacunas. 2021 May-Aug;22(2):93-97.
30. Khalafalla HE, Tumambeng MZ, Halawi MHA, Masmali EMA, Tashari TBM, Arishi FHA, et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy prevalence and predictors among the students of jazan university, saudi arabia using the health belief model: A cross-sectional study. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Feb 14;10(2):289.
31. Sallam M, Dababseh D, Eid H, Hasan H, Taim D, Al-Mahzoum K, et al. Low COVID-19 vaccine acceptance ıs correlated with conspiracy beliefs among university students in Jordan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 1;18(5):2407.
32. Jiang N, Wei B, Lin H, Wang Y, Chai S, Liu W. Nursing students' attitudes, knowledge and willingness of to receive the coronavirus disease vaccine: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Educ Pract. 2021 Aug;55:103148.
33. Mehmood Q, Ullah I, Hasan MM, Kazmi SK, Ahmadi A, Lucero-Prisno DE 3rd. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Pakistan struggles to vaccinate its way out of the pandemic. Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother. 2022 Feb 10;10:25151355221077658.
34. Sheikh NS, Touseef M, Sultan R, Cheema KH, Cheema SS, Sarwar A, et al. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan: the paradigm of confidence, convenience, and complacency; a cross-sectional study. MedRxiv. 2021.

Evaluation of University Students' Perceptions and Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Pandemic

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 10 - 21, 30.12.2022

Süheyla Aykaç Yazıcıoğlu Deniz Taşkın Fatma Çarıkçı

Abstract

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the perceptions and attitudes of university students studying in the field of health towards the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 754 students studying at the Vocational School of Health Services of a foundation university in Istanbul, in the fall semester of the 2021-2022 academic year, between February 10 and June 10, 2022. Data; It was collected with the “General Information Form” and “The Scale for Evaluation of Perceptions and Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Outbreak”. The analysis of the data was done with SPSS 21.0 program and it was studied at 95% confidence interval. While the effect level was calculated as 0.20 in the study, the Power (1-β err probe) value was found to be 0.88. The t-test and ANOVA test were used to analyze the differences in the scores of Perceptions and Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Outbreak according to demographic characteristics. In case of difference in the ANOVA test, multiple comparisons were analyzed with the LSD test.
Results: In our study, a statistically significant difference was found between the scale scores of the students studying in the field of health education towards the COVID-19 Epidemic and the variables of gender, age, vaccination status, COVID-19 status, loss of a family member due to COVID-19 (p<0.05). In addition, it was determined that 22.1% of the participants did not complete the vaccination schedule, and 53.3% reported that they did not complete their vaccination because they were undecided.
Conclusion: When the perceptions and attitudes of university students studying in the field of health towards the COVID-19 pandemic are evaluated, it has been determined that they still have hesitations about the causes of the disease and the perception of its control, and prevention behaviors from the disease. Because vaccination attitudes may change over time, further studies in the wider population in the near future may benefit current understanding of vaccine acceptance as well as evaluating interventions based on the information available.

Keywords

COVID-19, attitude, student health services

References

1. World Health Organization [Internet]. ©2021 WHO [Erişim tarihi:06.06.2022]. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). [Erişim Linki]
2. Calina D, Docea AO, Petrakis D, Egorov AM, Ishmukhametov AA, Gabibov AG, Shtilman MI, Kostoff R, Carvalho F, Vinceti M, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A. Towards effective COVID 19 vaccines: Updates, perspectives and challenges. Int J Mol Med. 2020 Jul;46(1):3-16.
3. World Health Organization [Internet]. ©2021 WHO [Erişim tarihi:1.06.2022]. Vaccination: European Commission and World Health Organization join forces to promote the benefits of vaccines. [Erişim Linki]
4. Puri N, Coomes EA, Haghbayan H, Gunaratne K. Social media and vaccine hesitancy: new updates for the era of COVID-19 and globalized infectious diseases. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020 Nov 1;16(11):2586-2593.
5. Brewer NT, Chapman GB, Rothman AJ, Leask J, Kempe A. Increasing vaccination: putting psychological science ınto action. Psychol Sci Public Interest. 2017 Dec;18(3):149-207.
6. Yaqub O, Castle-Clarke S, Sevdalis N, Chataway J. Attitudes to vaccination: a critical review. Soc Sci Med. 2014 Jul;112:1-11.
7. Loomba S, de Figueiredo A, Piatek SJ, de Graaf K, Larson HJ. Author correction: measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Jul;5(7):960. Erratum for: Nat Hum Behav. 2021 Mar;5(3):337-348.
8. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Covid-19 Bilgilendirme Platformu [Internet]. ©2022 T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı [Erişim tarihi: 06.06.2022]. Günlük COVID-19 Aşı Tablosu. [Erişim Linki]
9. Palamenghi L, Barello S, Boccia S, Graffigna G. Mistrust in biomedical research and vaccine hesitancy: the forefront challenge in the battle against COVID-19 in Italy. Eur J Epidemiol. 2020 Aug;35(8):785-788.
10. Artan T, Karaman M, Arslan İ, Cebeci F. (2021). COVID-19 Salgınına Yönelik Algı ve Tutumları Değerlendirme Ölçeği’nin değerlendirilmesi. Sosyal Çalışma Dergisi. 2020;4 (2):101-107.
11. An L, Bacon E, Hawley S, Yang P, Russell D, Huffman S, et al. Relationship between Coronavirus-related ehealth literacy and COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and practices among US adults: Web-based survey study. J Med Internet Res. 2021 Mar 29;23(3):e25042.
12. Azlan AA, Hamzah MR, Sern TJ, Ayub SH, Mohamad E. Public knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia. PLoS One. 2020 May 21;15(5):e0233668.
13. Kaçan H, Öztürk A, Değer, VB. Bireylerin kaygıları covid-19 salgınına yönelik algı ve tutumlarını etkiler mi?. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 2021;13(Suppl 1):405-420. [Erişim Linki]
14. Sallam M, Dababseh D, Eid H, Al-Mahzoum K, Al-Haidar A, Taim D, et al. High rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and Its association with conspiracy beliefs: A study in Jordan and Kuwait among other Arab countries. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Jan 12;9(1):42.
15. Zintel S, Flock C, Arbogast AL, Forster A, von Wagner C, Sieverding M. Gender differences in the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Z Gesundh Wiss. 2022 Jan 7:1-25.
16. Al-Jayyousi GF, Sherbash MAM, Ali LAM, El-Heneidy A, Alhussaini NWZ, Elhassan MEA, et al. Factors ınfluencing public attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination: A scoping review ınformed by the socio-ecological model. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 May 24;9(6):548.
17. Yadav RK, Khatri E, Marahatta SB, Yadav DK, Baral Y, Poudyal J, et al. Attitude and perception of young adults regarding uptake of COVID-19 vaccine in Nepal: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination. 2021;12(4):1-10.
18. Paul E, Steptoe A, Fancourt D. Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications. Lancet Reg Health Eur. 2021 Feb;1:100012.
19. Voo JYH, Lean QY, Ming LC, Md Hanafiah NH, Al-Worafi YM, Ibrahim B. Vaccine knowledge, awareness and hesitancy: a cross sectional survey among parents residing at Sandakan district, Sabah. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 17;9(11):1348.
20. Mohd Azizi FS, Kew Y, Moy FM. Vaccine hesitancy among parents in a multi-ethnic country, Malaysia. Vaccine. 2017 May 19;35(22):2955-2961.
21. Ward JK, Peretti-Watel P, Verger P. Vaccine criticism on the ınternet: Propositions for future research. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Jul 2;12(7):1924-9.
22. Alfahl SO, Alharbi KM. Parents’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards childhood vaccination, AlMadinah, Saudi Arabia, 2017. Journal of Neonatal and Pediatric Medicine. 2017;3(1):126.
23. Mahmud S, Mohsin M, Khan IA, Mian AU, Zaman MA. Knowledge, beliefs, attitudes and perceived risk about COVID-19 vaccine and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Bangladesh. PLoS One. 2021 Sep 9;16(9):e0257096.
24. Seale H, Heywood AE, Leask J, Sheel M, Durrheim DN, Bolsewicz K, et al. Examining Australian public perceptions and behaviors towards a future COVID-19 vaccine. BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Jan 28;21(1):120.
25. Bai W, Cai H, Liu S, Liu H, Qi H, Chen X, et al. Attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines in Chinese college students. Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Apr 10;17(6):1469-1475.
26. Lucia VC, Kelekar A, Afonso NM. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical students. J Public Health (Oxf). 2021 Sep 22;43(3):445-449.
27. Albaqawi HM, Alquwez N, Balay-Odao E, Bajet JB, Alabdulaziz H, Alsolami F, et al. Nursing students' perceptions, knowledge, and preventive behaviors toward COVID-19: A multi-university study. Front Public Health. 2020 Dec 23;8:573390.
28. Eguia H, Vinciarelli F, Bosque-Prous M, Kristensen T, Saigí-Rubió F. Spain's hesitation at the gates of a COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Feb 18;9(2):170.
29. Ullah I, Khan KS, Tahir MJ, Ahmed A, Harapan H. Myths and conspiracy theories on vaccines and COVID-19: Potential effect on global vaccine refusals. Vacunas. 2021 May-Aug;22(2):93-97.
30. Khalafalla HE, Tumambeng MZ, Halawi MHA, Masmali EMA, Tashari TBM, Arishi FHA, et al. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy prevalence and predictors among the students of jazan university, saudi arabia using the health belief model: A cross-sectional study. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Feb 14;10(2):289.
31. Sallam M, Dababseh D, Eid H, Hasan H, Taim D, Al-Mahzoum K, et al. Low COVID-19 vaccine acceptance ıs correlated with conspiracy beliefs among university students in Jordan. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 1;18(5):2407.
32. Jiang N, Wei B, Lin H, Wang Y, Chai S, Liu W. Nursing students' attitudes, knowledge and willingness of to receive the coronavirus disease vaccine: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Educ Pract. 2021 Aug;55:103148.
33. Mehmood Q, Ullah I, Hasan MM, Kazmi SK, Ahmadi A, Lucero-Prisno DE 3rd. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: Pakistan struggles to vaccinate its way out of the pandemic. Ther Adv Vaccines Immunother. 2022 Feb 10;10:25151355221077658.
34. Sheikh NS, Touseef M, Sultan R, Cheema KH, Cheema SS, Sarwar A, et al. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan: the paradigm of confidence, convenience, and complacency; a cross-sectional study. MedRxiv. 2021.

There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Süheyla Aykaç Yazıcıoğlu 0000-0003-1682-0559 Deniz Taşkın 0000-0002-1747-0098 Fatma Çarıkçı 0000-0003-1218-9499
Publication Date	December 30, 2022
Submission Date	September 14, 2022
Published in Issue	Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

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Vancouver	Aykaç Yazıcıoğlu S, Taşkın D, Çarıkçı F. Üniversite Öğrencilerinin COVID-19 Pandemisine Yönelik Algı ve Tutumlarının Değerlendirilmesi. TJHR. 2022;3(3):10-21.

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