İç ve dış mekan karayolları çalışanlarında güneşten korunma davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi: kesitsel bir çalışma
Abstract
Amaç: Güneşin zararlı etkilerinden korunma özellikle işi gereği dış mekanda çalışanlarda daha fazla önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada karayolları çalışanlarının iç ve dış mekanda çalışma özelliklerine göre karşılaştırılarak güneşten korunma davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya Ocak 2022- Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında periyodik sağlık muayenesi amacıyla aile hekimliği polikliniğine başvuran ve anketi doldurmayı kabul eden 18-65 yaş arası 307 karayolları çalışanı dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, katılımcılara sosyo-demografik özelliklerini sorgulayan bir anket formu ve Güneşten Korunma Davranış Ölçeğinin (GKDÖ) doldurtulması ile toplandı. SPSS programı kullanılarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 43.30±0,52 yıl, %93.8 (n=288)’i erkek, %89.6 (n=275)’sı evli, %56.7 (n=174)’si işçi, %44.3 (n=136)’ü üniversite mezunuydu. Dış mekanda çalışıp güneş maruziyeti olan 113 (%36.8) kişi vardı. Kadınların güneş koruyucu krem kullanma ve GKDÖ puanları daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.001). Güneş maruziyeti olanların güneşten kaçınma ve güneş koruyucu krem kullanma puanları daha düşük (sırasıyla p=0.011, p=0.035), şapka kullanma puanları daha yüksek (p<0.001) bulundu. İşçilerin, lise ve altı eğitim düzeyinde olanların ve sigara kullananların daha fazla güneşe maruz kaldığı bulundu (sırasıyla p<0.001, p<0.001 ve p=0.002).
Sonuç: Güneş ışınlarının zararlı etkilerine yüksek düzeyde maruz kalan dış mekan çalışanlarının güneşten korunma davranışlarının yetersiz olduğu bulundu. Gerek aile hekimleri gerekse iş yeri hekimlerince güneşin zararlı etkilerinden ve bu sayede cilt kanseri gelişmesinden korunma konusunda farkındalık çalışmalarının arttırılması etkili olabilir.
Supporting Institution
destekleyen kurum bulunmamaktadır
References
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- 2. Heckman CJ, Coups EJ: Correlates of sunscreen use among high school students: a crosssectional survey. BMC Public Health 2011;11:679.
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- 23. Tenforde AS, Fredericson M, Toth KES, Sainani KL. Sun Protective Behaviors and Attitudes of Runners. Sports (Basel). 2021 Dec 21;10(1):1.
- 24. Al-Mutairi N, Issa BI, Nair V. Photoprotection and vitamin D status: a study on awareness, knowledge and attitude towards sun protection in general population from Kuwait, and its relation with vitamin D levels. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012 May-Jun;78(3):342-9.
- 25. Çınar Fİ, Çetin FŞ, Kalender N, Bağçivan G. (2015). Hemşirelik yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin güneşten korunmaya ilişkin davranışlarının belirlenmesi. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 2015;57(3):241-246.
- 26. Diaz JH, Nesbitt LT Jr. Sun exposure behavior and protection: recommendations for travelers. J Travel Med. 2013;20(2):108-118. doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2012.00667.
- 27. Oğrum A, Oktay G. Aile hekimlerinin güneşten korunma davranışları ve deri kanserine yönelik koruyucu hekimlik uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi, 2019;23(3):110 - 117.
Evaluation of sun protection behaviors in ındoor and outdoor highway department employees: a cross-sectional study
Abstract
Objectives: Protection from the harmful effects of the sun is especially important for those who work outdoors. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the sun protection behaviors of highway workers by comparing them according to their indoor and outdoor working characteristics.
Methods: Highway employees of 307, aged between 18-65 years, who applied to the family medicine polyclinic for periodic health examination agreed to full fill the questionnaire, were included in the study. Data were collected by filling in a questionnaire form questioning the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants and the Sun Protection Behavior Scale (SPBS).
Results: The mean age of the participants included in the study was 43.30±0.52 years, 56.7% (n=174) were workers and 44.3% (n=136) were university graduates. There were 113 (36.8%) people who worked outdoors and had sun exposure. The women's use of sunscreen cream and SPBS scores were found to be higher (p<0.001). Those with sun exposure had lower sun avoidance and sunscreen use scores (p=0.011, p=0.035, respectively), and higher hat use scores (p<0.001). It was found that workers, those with high school and below education level, and smokers were exposed to more sun (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively).
Conclusion: It has been found that outdoor workers who are exposed to the harmful effects of the sun's rays at high levels have insufficient sun protection behaviors. Increasing awareness studies, of the harmful effects of the sun and thus the development of skin cancer by both family physicians and occupational physicians can be effective.
References
- 1. Fehér K, Cercato MC, Prantner I, et al: Skin cancer risk factors among primary school children: investigations in Western Hungary. Prev Med 2010;51:320-4.
- 2. Heckman CJ, Coups EJ: Correlates of sunscreen use among high school students: a crosssectional survey. BMC Public Health 2011;11:679.
- 3. Özuğuz P, Kaçar Doğruk S, Akyükrek Tuncez F, Üzel H. Birinci sınıf ve son sınıf tıp öğrencileri arasında güneş ve deri hakkındaki bilgi düzeyi ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi.Turk J Dermatol 2014;8(1):19-22.
- 4. Lin JS, Eder M, Weinmann S. Behavioral counseling to prevent skin cancer: a systematic review for The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2011;154(3):190-201.
- 5. Özdemir F. Malign melanom. Türkiye Klinikleri Derma-toloji Özel Dergisi 2013;6(3):24-44.
- 6. Ağadayı E, Demir Alsancak A, Üstünol D, et al. (2017). Aile Hekimliği Polikliniğine Başvuran Hastalarda Malign Melanom Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi ve Güneşten Korunma Hakkındaki Tutumları . Konuralp Medical Journal 2017;9(3):177-182.
- 7. Hammond V, Reeder AI, Gray A. Patterns of real-time occupational ultraviolet radiation exposure among a sample of outdoor workers in New Zealand. Public Health 2009;123:182–187.
- 8. Gies P, Wright J. Measured solar ultraviolet radiation exposures of outdoor workers in Queensland in the building and construction industry. Photochem Photobiol 2003;78:342–8.
- 9. Gies P, Glanz K, O’Riordan D et al. Measured occupational solar UVR exposures of lifeguards in pool settings. Am J Ind Med 2009;52:645–53.
- 10. Schmitt J, Seidler A, Diepgen TL et al. Occupational ultraviolet light exposure increases the risk for the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol 2011;164:291–307.
- 11. Andreola GM, Carvalho VO, Huczok J, et al. Photoprotection inadolescents: what they know and how they behave. An Bras Dermatol. 2018;93:39‐44.
- 12. Görig T, Diehl K, Greinert R, et al. Prevalence of sun-protective behaviour and intentional sun tanning in German adolescents and adults: results of a nationwide telephone survey. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018;32:225‐235.
- 13. Green AC, Williams GM, Logan V, Strutton GM. Reduced melanoma after regular unscreen use: randomized trial follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:257‐263.
- 14. Montague M, Borland R, Sinclair C. Slip! Slop! Slap! and SunSmart, 1980-2000: Skin cancer control and 20 years of population-based campaigning. Health Educ Behav. 2001 Jun;28(3):290-305.
- 15. Sümen A, & Öncel S. Assessment of reliability and validity of the Parental Sun Protection Scales in Turkish population. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2018;8: 245–255.
- 16. Baykal Selcuk L, Aksu Arica D, Ates E, Yayli S, Bahadir S. Sun-protective behaviours of Turkish young adults. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2019 May;35(3):178-186.
- 17. Rossi JS, Blais LM, Redding CA, & Weinstock MA. Preventing skin cancer through behavior change: implications for interventions. Dermatologic Clinics. 1995;13(3):613-622.
- 18. Aygun O, & Ergun A.Validity and reliability of sun protection behavior scale among Turkish adolescent population. Asian nursing research. 2015;9(3):235-242.
- 19. Horsham C, Auster J, Sendall MC, Stoneham M, Youl P, Crane P, et al. Interventions to decrease skin cancer risk in outdoor workers: update to a 2007 systematic review. 2014;7(1):1-8.
- 20. YONG, Shin Shen, et al. Predictive factors of sun protection behaviour among global airline pilots. Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine, 2022;38.6:541-547.
- 21. Duffy SA, Ronis DL, Waltje AH, Choi SH. Protocol of a randomized controlled trial of sun protection interventions for operating engineers. BMC Public Health. 2013 Mar 26;13:273.
- 22. Reinau D, Weiss M, Meier CR, Diepgen TL, Surber C. Outdoor workers' sun-related knowledge, attitudes and protective behaviours: a systematic review of cross-sectional and interventional studies. Br J Dermatol. 2013 May;168(5):928-40.
- 23. Tenforde AS, Fredericson M, Toth KES, Sainani KL. Sun Protective Behaviors and Attitudes of Runners. Sports (Basel). 2021 Dec 21;10(1):1.
- 24. Al-Mutairi N, Issa BI, Nair V. Photoprotection and vitamin D status: a study on awareness, knowledge and attitude towards sun protection in general population from Kuwait, and its relation with vitamin D levels. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2012 May-Jun;78(3):342-9.
- 25. Çınar Fİ, Çetin FŞ, Kalender N, Bağçivan G. (2015). Hemşirelik yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin güneşten korunmaya ilişkin davranışlarının belirlenmesi. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 2015;57(3):241-246.
- 26. Diaz JH, Nesbitt LT Jr. Sun exposure behavior and protection: recommendations for travelers. J Travel Med. 2013;20(2):108-118. doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.2012.00667.
- 27. Oğrum A, Oktay G. Aile hekimlerinin güneşten korunma davranışları ve deri kanserine yönelik koruyucu hekimlik uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi, 2019;23(3):110 - 117.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Dermatology |
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2023 |
| Submission Date | March 27, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 3 |
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