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Bazı Önemli Bombus Arısı (Bombus Terrestris L.) Parazitlerinin Moleküler Yöntemlerle Tanımlanması

Year 2014, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 88 - 98, 25.11.2015
https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.376896

Abstract

Bombus arıları tarımsal ve doğal ekosistemlerin en önemli
tozlaştırıcıları arasındadır. Ancak son yıllarda doğal bombus arısı
populasyonları ve tür çeşitliliği bütün dünyada azalmaktadır. Bu durumun nedenlerinden
biri olarak patojenler gösterilmektedir. En sık bildirilen bombus arısı
patojenleri Nosema bombi,Crithidia bombi,
Apicystis bombi
mikrosporları ve bir trake akarı olan Locustacarus buchneri’dir. Genellikle bu parazitler koloni kurma,
hayatta kalma ve üreme üzerine olumsuz etkilere sahiptirler. Bu nedenle, bombus
arısı parazitlerinin doğru bir şekilde tanımlanması çok önemlidir. Günümüzde
enfekte bombus arılarını belirlemek amacıyla, güvenilir ve hızlı sonuçlar elde
edilen moleküler yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Bu derlemede, bombus arılarında en
yaygın görülen parazitler ve moleküler yöntemlerle tespitleri hakkında bilgiler
özetlenmiştir.

References

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Year 2014, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 88 - 98, 25.11.2015
https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.376896

Abstract

References

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  • Aytekin, A.M., Çağatay, N., Hazır, S. 2002. Floral Choices, Parasites and Micro-organisms in Natural Populations of Bumblebees (Apidae: Hymenoptera) in Ankara Province. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 26: 149-155.
  • Baker, E.W., Wharton, G.W. 1952. An introduction to acarology. Macmillan, New York, pp 159-162.
  • Biesmeijer, J.C., Roberts, S.P.M., Reemer. M., Ohlemüller, R., Edwards, M., Peeters, T., Schaffers, A.P., Potts, A.G., Kleukers, R., Thomas, C.D., Settele, J., Kunin, W.E. 2006. Parallel declines in pollinators and insect-pollinated plants in Britain and the Netherlands. Science, 313: 351-354.
  • Bromenshenk, J.J., Henderson, C.B., Wick, C.H., Stanford, M.F., Zulich, A.W., Jabbaour, R.E., Deshpande, S.V., McCubbin, P.E., Seccomb, R.A., Welch, P.M., Williams, T., Firth, D.R., Skowronski, E., Lehmann, M.M., Bilimoria, S.L., Gress, J., Wanner, K.W., Cramer, R.A. 2010. Jr Iridovirus and microsporidian linked to honey bee colony decline. Plos ONE, 5(10): e13181.
  • Brown, M.J.F., Schmid-Hempel, R., Schmid-Hempel , P. 2003. Strong context-dependent virulence in a host parasite system: reconciling genetic evidence with theory. Journal of Animal Ecology, 72: 994-1002.
  • Cameron, S.A., Lozier, J.D., Strange, J.P., Koch, J.B., Cordes, N., Solter, L.F., Griswold, T.L. 2011. Patterns of widespread decline in North American bumble bees. In: Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America.
  • Cordes, N., Huang, W.F., Strange, J.P., Cameron, S.A., Griswold, T.L., Lozier, J.F., Solter, L.F. 2012. Interspecific geographic distribution and variation of the pathogens Nosema bombi and Crithidia species in United States bumblebee populations. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 109: 209-216.
  • Cox-Foster, D.L., Conlan, S., Holmes, E.C., Palacios, G., Evans, J.D., Moran, N.A., Quan, P.L., Briese, T., Hornig, M., Geiser, D.M., Martinson, V., van Engelsdorp, D., Kalkstein, A.L., Drysdale, A., Hui, J., Zhai, J., Cui, L., Hutchison, S.K., Simons, J.F., Egholm, M., Pettis, J.S., Lipkin, W.I. 2007. A metagenomic survey of microbes in honey bee colony collapse disorder. Science, 318: 283-287.
  • Eldeniz, N. 2000. Ege ve Akdeniz Kıyı şeridinde doğal olarak kışlayan Bombus (Bombus terrestris L.) ana arılarında bazı hastalık ve parazitlerinin tanısı ve enfeksiyon oranlarının saptanması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana.
  • Eldeniz, N., Cankaya and Kaftanoglu, O. 2006. An Investigation on Some Diseases and Parasites of Bumblebee Queens (Bombus terrestris L.) in Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Biology Science, 9: 1282-1286.
  • Erler, S., Lommatzsch, S., Lattorf, G.M.H. 2012. Comparative analysis of detection limits and specificity of molecular diagnostic markers for three pathogens (Microsporidia, Nosema spp.) in the key pollinators Apis mellifera and Bombus terrestris. Parasitol. Res.,110: 1403-1410.
  • Fantham, H.B., Porter, A. 1914. The morphology, biology and economic importance of Nosema bombi, parasitic in various bumble bees (Bombus spp.). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol., 8: 623-638.
  • Fisher, R.M., Pomeroy, N. 1989. Incipient colony manipulation, Nosema incidence and colony productivity of the bumble bee Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J of the Kansas Ent Soc, 62(4): 581-589.
  • Fitzpatrick, U., Murray, T.E., Paxton, R.J., Breen, J., Cotton, D., Santorum, V., Brown, M.J.F. 2007. Rarity and decline in bumblebees - A test of causes and correlates in the Irish fauna. Biology Conservation, 136: 185-194.
  • Fouks, B., Lattorff, H.M. 2014. Comparison of two molecular diagnostic tools for the quantification of Crithidia bombi, a parasite of bumblebees. Entomo.l Exp. App., 150: 191-197.
  • Fries, I., de Ruijter, A., Paxton, R.J., da Silva, A.J., Slemenda, S.B., Pieniazek, N.J. 2001. Molecular characterization of Nosema bombi (Microsporodia: Nosematidae) and a note on its sites of infection in Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). J. Apicult. Res., 40: 91-96.
  • Gegear, R.J., Otterstatter, M.C., Thomson, J.D. 2005. Does parasitic infection impair the ability of bumblebees to learn flowerhandling techniques? Anim. Beh., 70: 209-215.
  • Ghazoul, J. 2005. Buzziness as usual? Questioning the global pollination crisis. Trends Ecol. Evol., 20: 367-373.
  • Goka, K., Okabe, K., Yoneda, M., Niwa, S. 2001. Bumblebee commercialization will cause worldwide migration of parasitic mites. Molecular Ecology, 10: 2095-2099.
  • Goka, K., Okabe, K., Yoneda, M. 2006. Worldwide migration of parasitic mites as a result of bumblebee commercilization. Popul. Ecol., 48(4): 285-291.
  • Goulson, D., Lye, G.C., Darvill, B.2008. Decline and conservation of bumble bees. Annu. Rev. Entomol.,53: 191-208.
  • Grixti, J.C., Wong, L.T., Cameron, S.A., Favret, C. 2009. Decline of bumble bees (Bombus) in the North American Midwest. Biology Conservation, 142: 75-84.
  • Gösterit, A., Gürel, F. 2005. Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae) arılarının yayılmasının ekosistem üzerine etkileri. Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 5(3): 115-121.
  • Higes, M., Martin-Hernandez, R., Martinez-Salvador, A., Garrido-Bailon, E., Gonzalez-Porto, A.V., Meana, A., Bernal, J.L., del Nozal, M.J., Berna, J. 2010. A preliminary study of the epidemiological factors related to honey bee colony loss in Spain. Environ. Microbiol. Rep., 2: 243-250.
  • Husband RW, Sinha RN. 1970. A revision of the genus Locustacarus with a key to genera of the family Podapolipidae (Acaria). Annals of the Ent. Soc. ofAmerica, 63(4): 1152-1162.
  • Imhoof, B., Schmid-Hempel, P. 1998. Colony success of Bombus terrestris and microparasitic infections in the field. Insect Soc., 46: 223-238.
  • Klee, J., Tay, W.T., Paxton, R.J. 2006. Specific and sensitive detection of Nosema bombi (Microsporidia:Nosematidae) in bumble bees ( Bombus spp.; Hymenoptera: Apidae) by PCR of partial rRNA gene sequences. Journal of İnvertebrate Pathology, 91: 98-104.
  • Kosior, A., Celary, W., Olejniczak, P., Fijal, J., Król, W., Solarz, W., Plonka, P. 2007. The decline of the bumble bees and cuckoo bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombini) of Western and Central Europe. Oryx, 41: 79-88.
  • Larsson,J.I.R. 2007. Cytological variation and pathogenicity of the bumble bee parasite Nosema bombi (Microspora, Nosematidae). Journal of İnvertebrate Pathology, 94: 1-11.
  • Li, J., Chen, W., Wu, J., Peng, W., An, J., Schmid-Hempel, P., Schmid-Hempel, R. 2012. Diversity of Nosema associated with bumblebees (Bombus spp.) from China. International Journal of Parasitology, 42: 49-61.
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Bahar Argun Karslı

Publication Date November 25, 2015
Acceptance Date December 17, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

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Vancouver Argun Karslı B. Bazı Önemli Bombus Arısı (Bombus Terrestris L.) Parazitlerinin Moleküler Yöntemlerle Tanımlanması. U. Arı. D.-U. Bee J. 2015;14(2):88-9.

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