COVID-19 Pandemisi Sırasında Sağlık Çalışanlarının Anksiyete ve Depresyon Düzeyleri ve İlişkili Faktörler
Öz
Özet
Amaç : Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemisinde sağlık çalışanlarının anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri ve ilişkili faktörleri araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem : COVID-19 pandemisinde sağlık çalışanlarının anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerini ve ilişkili faktörleri değerlendirmek için çevrimiçi bir anket kullanıldı. Çalışma, COVID-19 hastalarının tedavi edildiği hastanelerde çalışan doktor ve hemşireleri içeriyordu. Anket sosyo demografik veriler, Beck Depresyon Envanteri ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri'nden (STAI) oluşuyordu.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 446 sağlık çalışanı katıldı. Katılımcıların % 18.6’ sı klinik olarak anlamlı sayılan depresyon puanlarına, % 60.5'i klinik olarak anlamlı sayılan durumluk anksiyete ve % 69.0’ ı sürekli anksiyete puanlarına sahipti. Kadın olmak, hemşire olmak, COVID-19 yayınlarına uzun süreli maruz kalmak ve fiziksel egzersiz yapmamak, daha yüksek anksiyete puanları ile ilişkilendirildi. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisinde daha genç yaşta olmanın, fiziksel egzersiz yapmamanın, uzun süreli COVID-19 yayınlarına maruz kalmanın ve pandemiden önce ruhsal bir hastalığa sahip olmanın, COVID-19 pandemisinde sağlık çalışanlarında depresyon ve / veya anksiyete riskini arttırdığı saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında sağlık çalışanları ruhsal iyilik hallerinin bozulması açısından risk altındadır. Çalışmamızdaki anksiyete ve depresyon belirtilerinin oranları ve bu oranlara rağmen ruhsal sıkıntı nedeniyle doktor başvurusundaki oranların azlığı pandemi sırasında sağlık çalışanlarının psikiyatrik destek ihtiyaçlarının dikkate alınması gerekliliğini kanıtlamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- References 1. Du Toit A. Outbreak of a novel coronavirus. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2020. doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0332-0
- 2. Zu ZY, Jiang M Di, Xu PP, et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Perspective from China. Radiology. 2020;296(2):E15-E25. doi:10.1148/radiol.2020200490
- 3. Carlos WG, Dela Cruz CS, Cao B, Pasnick S, Jamil S. Novel Wuhan (2019-nCoV) Coronavirus. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;201(4):P7-P8. doi:10.1164/rccm.2014P7
- 4. Holmes EA, O’Connor RC, Perry VH, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(6):547-560. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
- 5. Xiang Y-T, Yang Y, Li W, et al. Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(3):228-229. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
- 6. Li Z, Ge J, Yang M, et al. Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control. medRxiv. January 2020:2020.02.29.20029322. doi:10.1101/2020.02.29.20029322
- 7. Kang L, Li Y, Hu S, et al. The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(3):e14. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30047-X
- 8. Lu W, Wang H, Lin Y, Li L. Psychological status of medical workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112936
- 9. Elbay RY, Kurtulmuş A, Arpacıoğlu S, Karadere E. Depression, anxiety, stress levels of physicians and associated factors in Covid-19 pandemics. Psychiatry Res. 2020;290:113130. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113130
- 10. Beck AT. An Inventory for Measuring Depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4(6):561. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
- 11. N. H. Beck depresyon envanterinin universite ogrencileri icin gecerliligi ve guvenirligi. J Psychol. 1989;7(23):3–13. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10028183802/en/.
- 12. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Manual. Palo Alto, CA, USA: Mind Garden; 1970.
- 13. Öner N, LeCompte WA. Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları; 1985.
- 14. Addolorato G, Ancona C, Capristo E, et al. State and trait anxiety in women affected by allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. J Psychosom Res. 1999;46(3):283-289. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(98)00109-3
- 15. Knight RG, Waal-Manning HJ, Spears GF. Some norms and reliability data for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Zung Self-Rating Depression scale. Br J Clin Psychol. 1983;22(4):245-249. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00610.x
- 16. COVID-19 Information Page. Ministry of Health, Republic of Turkey. http:covid19.saglik.gov.tr. Accessed May 9, 2021.
- 17. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3). doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
- 18. Chong MY, Wang WC, Hsieh WC, et al. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;185(AUG.):127-133. doi:10.1192/bjp.185.2.127
- 19. Sell TK, Boddie C, McGinty EE, et al. Media Messages and Perception of Risk for Ebola Virus Infection, United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(1):108-111. doi:10.3201/eid2301.160589
- 20. Thompson RR, Jones NM, Holman EA, Silver RC. Media exposure to mass violence events can fuel a cycle of distress. Sci Adv. 2019;5(4). doi:10.1126/sciadv.aav3502
- 21. Stonerock GL, Hoffman BM, Smith PJ, Blumenthal JA. Exercise as Treatment for Anxiety: Systematic Review and Analysis. Ann Behav Med. 2015;49(4):542-556. doi:10.1007/s12160-014-9685-9
- 22. Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Rosenbaum S, et al. An examination of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for people with anxiety and stress-related disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2017;249:102-108. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.020
- 23. Rosenbaum S, Vancampfort D, Steel Z, Newby J, Ward PB, Stubbs B. Physical activity in the treatment of Post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2015;230(2):130-136. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.017
- 24. Cooney GM, Dwan K, Greig CA, et al. Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. September 2013. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004366.pub6
Anxiety and Depression Levels of Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Factors
Öz
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the anxiety and depression levels of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and related factors.
Material and Methods: The study group involved the doctors and nurses working in hospitals where COVID-19 patients were treated. An online questionnaire was used to assess the anxiety and depression levels and associated factors. The questionnaire consisted of a socio-demographic section, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
Results: A total of 446 healthcare professionals participated in the study. The depression, state, and trait anxiety scores were clinically significant in 18.6%, 60.5%, and 69% of the participants, respectively. Being a woman, a nurse, prolonged exposure to COVID-19-related TV programs, and lack of physical exercise were associated with higher anxiety scores. We also observed that younger age and a history of mental illness prior to the pandemic increased the levels of depression and/or anxiety in healthcare professionals.
Conclusion: Healthcare professionals face with high risk for impairment in psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The low rate of admissions for mental illnesses despite high rates of anxiety and depression symptoms in our study suggests that the psychological support needs of healthcare professionals should be taken into account during the pandemic.
Anahtar Kelimeler
COVID-19 pandemic healthcare professionals anxiety depression
Kaynakça
- References 1. Du Toit A. Outbreak of a novel coronavirus. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2020. doi:10.1038/s41579-020-0332-0
- 2. Zu ZY, Jiang M Di, Xu PP, et al. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Perspective from China. Radiology. 2020;296(2):E15-E25. doi:10.1148/radiol.2020200490
- 3. Carlos WG, Dela Cruz CS, Cao B, Pasnick S, Jamil S. Novel Wuhan (2019-nCoV) Coronavirus. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;201(4):P7-P8. doi:10.1164/rccm.2014P7
- 4. Holmes EA, O’Connor RC, Perry VH, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(6):547-560. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
- 5. Xiang Y-T, Yang Y, Li W, et al. Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(3):228-229. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
- 6. Li Z, Ge J, Yang M, et al. Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control. medRxiv. January 2020:2020.02.29.20029322. doi:10.1101/2020.02.29.20029322
- 7. Kang L, Li Y, Hu S, et al. The mental health of medical workers in Wuhan, China dealing with the 2019 novel coronavirus. The Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(3):e14. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30047-X
- 8. Lu W, Wang H, Lin Y, Li L. Psychological status of medical workforce during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112936
- 9. Elbay RY, Kurtulmuş A, Arpacıoğlu S, Karadere E. Depression, anxiety, stress levels of physicians and associated factors in Covid-19 pandemics. Psychiatry Res. 2020;290:113130. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113130
- 10. Beck AT. An Inventory for Measuring Depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1961;4(6):561. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
- 11. N. H. Beck depresyon envanterinin universite ogrencileri icin gecerliligi ve guvenirligi. J Psychol. 1989;7(23):3–13. https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10028183802/en/.
- 12. Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL, Lushene RE. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Manual. Palo Alto, CA, USA: Mind Garden; 1970.
- 13. Öner N, LeCompte WA. Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları; 1985.
- 14. Addolorato G, Ancona C, Capristo E, et al. State and trait anxiety in women affected by allergic and vasomotor rhinitis. J Psychosom Res. 1999;46(3):283-289. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(98)00109-3
- 15. Knight RG, Waal-Manning HJ, Spears GF. Some norms and reliability data for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Zung Self-Rating Depression scale. Br J Clin Psychol. 1983;22(4):245-249. doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1983.tb00610.x
- 16. COVID-19 Information Page. Ministry of Health, Republic of Turkey. http:covid19.saglik.gov.tr. Accessed May 9, 2021.
- 17. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(3). doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
- 18. Chong MY, Wang WC, Hsieh WC, et al. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;185(AUG.):127-133. doi:10.1192/bjp.185.2.127
- 19. Sell TK, Boddie C, McGinty EE, et al. Media Messages and Perception of Risk for Ebola Virus Infection, United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(1):108-111. doi:10.3201/eid2301.160589
- 20. Thompson RR, Jones NM, Holman EA, Silver RC. Media exposure to mass violence events can fuel a cycle of distress. Sci Adv. 2019;5(4). doi:10.1126/sciadv.aav3502
- 21. Stonerock GL, Hoffman BM, Smith PJ, Blumenthal JA. Exercise as Treatment for Anxiety: Systematic Review and Analysis. Ann Behav Med. 2015;49(4):542-556. doi:10.1007/s12160-014-9685-9
- 22. Stubbs B, Vancampfort D, Rosenbaum S, et al. An examination of the anxiolytic effects of exercise for people with anxiety and stress-related disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2017;249:102-108. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.020
- 23. Rosenbaum S, Vancampfort D, Steel Z, Newby J, Ward PB, Stubbs B. Physical activity in the treatment of Post-traumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2015;230(2):130-136. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.017
- 24. Cooney GM, Dwan K, Greig CA, et al. Exercise for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. September 2013. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004366.pub6
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Klinik Tıp Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 30 Ağustos 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Eylül 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 4 Ocak 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3 |
