Araştırma Makalesi
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Nullipar Gebelerde İnkontinans Prevalansı ve Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 213 - 218, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.631162

Öz

Amaç: Üriner inkontinans (Üİ) kadınları fiziksel, sosyal ve  ekonomik yönden etkileyen; yaşam kalitelerini
bozan yaygın bir sağlık sorunudur. Gebelik ve doğuma ek olarak anne yaşı,
parite, önceki doğum öyküsü, beden kitle indeksi ve gebelik öncesi Üİ varlığı
gebelikte Üİ için risk faktörleridir. Bu çalışmada nullipar gebelerde Üİ
prevelansı ve  risk faktörleri
araştırıldı.



Materyal-metot: 1 Mart–30 Aralık 2017 tarihleri
arasında  Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum polikliniğimize
başvuran 18-45 yaş arası nullipar gebeler çalışmaya dahil edildi. Olgulara
Uluslararası İdrar Kaçırma Konsültasyon Sorgulaması-Kısa Form ICIQ-SF(International
Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form) yüz yüze görüşme ile
doldurtuldu. Olguların demografik bilgileri ve ICIQ-SF puanları
değerlendirildi.



Bulgular:
Bu çalışmada nullipar gebelerde Üİ prevelansı % 15,9 olarak
bulundu. >30 yaş olanlarda
ICIQ-SF toplam
puanları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu (
p<0,05). Çocukluk çağı
enürezisi ve inkontinans öyküsü olanların olmayanlara göre ICIQ-SF
toplam puanları
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulundu(
p<0,05). Gebelik dönemi ile ICIQ-SF toplam puanları karşılaştırıldığında, gebelik dönemi 3.trimester
olanların 1.trimester olanlara göre ICIQ-SF
toplam
puanları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde bulundu(
p<0,05).



Sonuç:
Bu çalışmada nullipar gebelerde Üİ prevelansı % 15,9 olarak
bulundu.
Üriner inkontinans prevelansı gebelik
haftası ile artmaktadır.  Çocukluk çağı
enüresis ve üriner inkontinans öyküsü üriner inkontinans için risk faktörüdür. 

Kaynakça

  • 1. Norton P, Brubaker L. Urinary incontinence in women. Lancet. 2006;367(9504):57-67. Review.
  • 2. Kocak I, Okyay P, Dundar M, et al. Female urinary incontinence in the west of Turkey: prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life. Eur Urol. 2005;48(4):634-41
  • 3. Bø K, A H Haakstad L, Voldner N. Do pregnant women exercise their pelvic floor muscles? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2007;18(7):733-6.
  • 4. Sharma JB, Aggarwal S, Singhal S, et al. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and other urological problems during pregnancy: a questionnaire based study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009;279(6):845-51. doi: 10.1007/s00404-008-0831-0.
  • 5. Brown S, Donath S, MacArthur C, et al. Urinary incontinence in nulliparous women before and during preg- nancy: prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors. Int Urogynecol J. 2010;21(2):193–202.
  • 6. Wesnes SL, Rortveit G, Bo K, et al. Urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(4):922–8.
  • 7. Højberg KE, Salvig JD, Winsløw NA, et al. Urinary incontinence: prevalence and risk factors at 16 weeks of gestation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999;106(8):842-50.
  • 8. Gyhagen M, Åkervall S, Molin M, et al. The effect of childbirth on urinary incontinence: a matched cohort study in women aged 40-64 years. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019;221(4):322.e1-322.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.05.022.
  • 9. Mason L, Glenn S, Walton I, et al. The prevalence of stress incontinence during pregnancy and following delivery. Midwifery. 1999;15(2):120-8.
  • 10. Wijma J, Weis Potters AE, de Wolf BT, et al. Anatomical and functional changes in the lower urinary tract during pregnancy. BJOG 2001;108(7):726–32
  • 11. Martins G, Soler ZASG, Cordeiro JA, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence in healthy pregnant Brazilian women. Int Urogynecology J. 2010;21(10):1271–7. 
12. Tas N, Uysal M. Urinary incontinence among pregnant Turkish women. Pak J Med Sci. 2011;27(3):586-590.
  • 13. Dinç A. Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence During Pregnancy and Associated Risk Factors. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2018;10(3):303-307. doi: 10.1111/luts.12182.
  • 14. Hvidman L, Foldspang A, Bugge Nielsen J. Correlates of urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Int Urogynecology J. 2002;13(5):278–83.
  • 15. Almousa S, Bandin van Loon A. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in nulliparous adolescent and middle-aged women and the associated risk factors: A systematic review. Maturitas. 2018;107:78-83. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.003.
  • 16. Lin YH, Chang SD, Hsieh WC, et al. Persistent stress urinary incontinence during pregnancy and one year after delivery; its prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life in Taiwanese women: An observational cohort study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;57(3):340-345.
  • 17. Rogers RG, Ninivaggio C, Gallagher K, et al. Pelvic floor symptoms and quality of life changes during first pregnancy: a prospective cohort study. Int Urogynecol J. 2017;28(11):1701-1707. doi:10.1007/s00192-017-3330-7.
  • 18. O'Donnell M, Lose G, Sykes D, et al. Help-seeking behaviour and associated factors among women with urinary incontinence in France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom. Eur Urol. 2005;47(3):385-92; discussion 392.
  • 19. Avery K, Donovan J, Peters JT, et al. ICIQ: A brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2004;23(4):322-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.20041.
  • 20. Çetinel B, Demirkesen O, Yalçin O, et al. Hidden female urinary incontinence in urology and obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinics in Turkey: What are the determinants of bothersome urinary incontinence and help seeking behavior? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2007;18(6):659-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-006-0223-6.
  • 21. Abdullah B, Ayub SH, Mohd Zahid AZ, et al. Urinary incontinence in primigravida: the neglected pregnancy predicament. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;198:110-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.01.006.
  • 22. Solans-Domènech M, Sánchez E, Espuña-Pons M; Pelvic Floor Research Group (Grup de Recerca del Sòl Pelvià; GRESP). Urinary and anal incontinence during pregnancy and postpartum: incidence, severity, and risk factors. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115(3):618-28. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181d04dff.
  • 23. Martínez Franco E, Parés D, Lorente Colomé N, et al. Urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Is there a difference between first and third trimester? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014;182:86-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.08.035.
  • 24. Kocaöz S, Talas MS, Atabekoğlu CS. Urinary incontinence in pregnant women and their quality of life. J Clin Nurs. 2010;19(23-24):3314-23.
  • 25. Balik G, Güven ES, Tekin YB, et al. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Urinary Incontinence During Pregnancy. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2016;8(2):120-4. doi: 10.1111/luts.12082.
  • 26. Samuelsson EC, Victor FT, Svärdsudd KF. Five-year incidence and remission rates of female urinary incontinence in a Swedish population less than 65 years old. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183(3):568-74.
  • 27. Rortveit G, Hunskaar S. Urinary incontinence and age at the first and last delivery: the Norwegian HUNT/EPINCONT study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;195(2):433-8.
  • 28. Brown SJ, Donath S, MacArthur C, et al. Urinary incontinence in nulliparous women before and during pregnancy: prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors. Int Urogynecol J. 2010;21(2):193-202.
  • 29. Daly D, Clarke M, Begley C. Urinary incontinence in nulliparous women before and during pregnancy: prevalence, incidence, type, and risk factors. Int Urogynecol J. 2018;29(3):353-362.
  • 30. Baek JM, Song JY, Lee SJ, et al. Caffeine Intake Is Associated with Urinary Incontinence in Korean Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One. 2016. 22;11(2):e0149311.
  • 31. Sun S, Liu D, Jiao Z. Coffee and caffeine intake and risk of urinary incontinence: a meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Urol. 2016;16(1):61.
  • 32. Dolan LM, Walsh D, Hamilton S, et al. A study of quality of life in primigravidae with urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2004;15(3):160-4.

Evaluation of Incontinence Prevalence and Risk Factors in Nulliparous Pregnant Women

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3, 213 - 218, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.631162

Öz

Aim:
Urinary incontinence (UI) affects women physically, socially and economically;
is a common health problem that deteriorates quality of life. Apart from
pregnancy and delivery itself, maternal age, parity, previous birth history,
body mass index and presence of pre-pregnancy UI are risk factors for UI during
pregnancy. In this study, the prevalence and risk factors of UI in nulliparous
pregnant women were investigated.

Material-Method:
Nulliparous pregnant women aged between 18-45 years who were admitted to the
Gynecology and Obstetrics outpatient clinics of between March 1 and December
30, 2017 were included in the study. ICIQ-SF (International Consultation on
Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form) was filled with face-to-face interview.
Demographic data and ICIQ-SF scores were evaluated.

Results:
In this study, the prevalence of UI in nulliparous pregnant women was found to
be 15,9 %. ICIQ-SF total scores were significantly higher in patients >30
years (p <0,05). The ICIQ-SF total scores of the patients with a history of
childhood enuresis and incontinence were significantly higher than those
without a history of incontinence (p <0,05). When ICIQ-SF total scores were
compared with the gestational period, ICIQ-SF total scores of the third
trimester and the first trimester were found to be statistically significant (p
<0,05).

Conclusion:
In this study, the prevalence of UI in nulliparous pregnant women was found to
be 15.9%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence increases with gestational
week. Childhood enuresis and history of urinary incontinence are risk factors
for urinary incontinence.









 

Kaynakça

  • 1. Norton P, Brubaker L. Urinary incontinence in women. Lancet. 2006;367(9504):57-67. Review.
  • 2. Kocak I, Okyay P, Dundar M, et al. Female urinary incontinence in the west of Turkey: prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life. Eur Urol. 2005;48(4):634-41
  • 3. Bø K, A H Haakstad L, Voldner N. Do pregnant women exercise their pelvic floor muscles? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2007;18(7):733-6.
  • 4. Sharma JB, Aggarwal S, Singhal S, et al. Prevalence of urinary incontinence and other urological problems during pregnancy: a questionnaire based study. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2009;279(6):845-51. doi: 10.1007/s00404-008-0831-0.
  • 5. Brown S, Donath S, MacArthur C, et al. Urinary incontinence in nulliparous women before and during preg- nancy: prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors. Int Urogynecol J. 2010;21(2):193–202.
  • 6. Wesnes SL, Rortveit G, Bo K, et al. Urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2007;109(4):922–8.
  • 7. Højberg KE, Salvig JD, Winsløw NA, et al. Urinary incontinence: prevalence and risk factors at 16 weeks of gestation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999;106(8):842-50.
  • 8. Gyhagen M, Åkervall S, Molin M, et al. The effect of childbirth on urinary incontinence: a matched cohort study in women aged 40-64 years. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2019;221(4):322.e1-322.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.05.022.
  • 9. Mason L, Glenn S, Walton I, et al. The prevalence of stress incontinence during pregnancy and following delivery. Midwifery. 1999;15(2):120-8.
  • 10. Wijma J, Weis Potters AE, de Wolf BT, et al. Anatomical and functional changes in the lower urinary tract during pregnancy. BJOG 2001;108(7):726–32
  • 11. Martins G, Soler ZASG, Cordeiro JA, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for urinary incontinence in healthy pregnant Brazilian women. Int Urogynecology J. 2010;21(10):1271–7. 
12. Tas N, Uysal M. Urinary incontinence among pregnant Turkish women. Pak J Med Sci. 2011;27(3):586-590.
  • 13. Dinç A. Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence During Pregnancy and Associated Risk Factors. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2018;10(3):303-307. doi: 10.1111/luts.12182.
  • 14. Hvidman L, Foldspang A, Bugge Nielsen J. Correlates of urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Int Urogynecology J. 2002;13(5):278–83.
  • 15. Almousa S, Bandin van Loon A. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in nulliparous adolescent and middle-aged women and the associated risk factors: A systematic review. Maturitas. 2018;107:78-83. doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2017.10.003.
  • 16. Lin YH, Chang SD, Hsieh WC, et al. Persistent stress urinary incontinence during pregnancy and one year after delivery; its prevalence, risk factors and impact on quality of life in Taiwanese women: An observational cohort study. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;57(3):340-345.
  • 17. Rogers RG, Ninivaggio C, Gallagher K, et al. Pelvic floor symptoms and quality of life changes during first pregnancy: a prospective cohort study. Int Urogynecol J. 2017;28(11):1701-1707. doi:10.1007/s00192-017-3330-7.
  • 18. O'Donnell M, Lose G, Sykes D, et al. Help-seeking behaviour and associated factors among women with urinary incontinence in France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom. Eur Urol. 2005;47(3):385-92; discussion 392.
  • 19. Avery K, Donovan J, Peters JT, et al. ICIQ: A brief and robust measure for evaluating the symptoms and impact of urinary incontinence. Neurourology and Urodynamics. 2004;23(4):322-30. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.20041.
  • 20. Çetinel B, Demirkesen O, Yalçin O, et al. Hidden female urinary incontinence in urology and obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinics in Turkey: What are the determinants of bothersome urinary incontinence and help seeking behavior? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2007;18(6):659-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-006-0223-6.
  • 21. Abdullah B, Ayub SH, Mohd Zahid AZ, et al. Urinary incontinence in primigravida: the neglected pregnancy predicament. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2016;198:110-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.01.006.
  • 22. Solans-Domènech M, Sánchez E, Espuña-Pons M; Pelvic Floor Research Group (Grup de Recerca del Sòl Pelvià; GRESP). Urinary and anal incontinence during pregnancy and postpartum: incidence, severity, and risk factors. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;115(3):618-28. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181d04dff.
  • 23. Martínez Franco E, Parés D, Lorente Colomé N, et al. Urinary incontinence during pregnancy. Is there a difference between first and third trimester? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2014;182:86-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.08.035.
  • 24. Kocaöz S, Talas MS, Atabekoğlu CS. Urinary incontinence in pregnant women and their quality of life. J Clin Nurs. 2010;19(23-24):3314-23.
  • 25. Balik G, Güven ES, Tekin YB, et al. Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Urinary Incontinence During Pregnancy. Low Urin Tract Symptoms. 2016;8(2):120-4. doi: 10.1111/luts.12082.
  • 26. Samuelsson EC, Victor FT, Svärdsudd KF. Five-year incidence and remission rates of female urinary incontinence in a Swedish population less than 65 years old. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2000;183(3):568-74.
  • 27. Rortveit G, Hunskaar S. Urinary incontinence and age at the first and last delivery: the Norwegian HUNT/EPINCONT study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006;195(2):433-8.
  • 28. Brown SJ, Donath S, MacArthur C, et al. Urinary incontinence in nulliparous women before and during pregnancy: prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors. Int Urogynecol J. 2010;21(2):193-202.
  • 29. Daly D, Clarke M, Begley C. Urinary incontinence in nulliparous women before and during pregnancy: prevalence, incidence, type, and risk factors. Int Urogynecol J. 2018;29(3):353-362.
  • 30. Baek JM, Song JY, Lee SJ, et al. Caffeine Intake Is Associated with Urinary Incontinence in Korean Postmenopausal Women: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PLoS One. 2016. 22;11(2):e0149311.
  • 31. Sun S, Liu D, Jiao Z. Coffee and caffeine intake and risk of urinary incontinence: a meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Urol. 2016;16(1):61.
  • 32. Dolan LM, Walsh D, Hamilton S, et al. A study of quality of life in primigravidae with urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2004;15(3):160-4.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Hilal Uslu Yuvacı 0000-0001-8067-3165

Mehmet Musa Aslan 0000-0002-7830-5002

Nimet Yerli Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-0185-7885

Arif Serhan Cevrioğlu 0000-0002-3810-6519

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Kabul Tarihi 25 Kasım 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

AMA Uslu Yuvacı H, Aslan MM, Yerli N, Cevrioğlu AS. Nullipar Gebelerde İnkontinans Prevalansı ve Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi. J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. Aralık 2019;3(3):213-218. doi:10.34084/bshr.631162
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