Öz
Çocuklarda santral sinir sistemi tüberkülozu oldukça nadir görülmekle birlikte tüberküloza bağlı ölüm ve uzun dönem sekellerin en sık sebebidir. BCG aşısının hastaları tüberküloz menenjitinden yüksek oranda koruduğu bilinmekle birlikte yaş ile birlikte koruyuculuğu azalmaktadır. Hastalıkta etken her zaman gösterilememekte, tanı ancak hikâye, fizik muayene, laboratuvar ve görüntüleme yöntemlerinin birlikte değerlendirilmesi ile konulabilmektedir. Hastalığın prognozu ise erken tanı ve anti-tüberküloz tedavinin başlanma zamanıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Serebral enfarkt ile seyreden santral sinir sistemi tüberkülozu vakası erken tanı ve tedavinin vurgulanması amacıyla sunulmuştur.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Zumla A, George A, Sharma V, et al. The WHO 2014 global tuberculosis report–further to go. Lancet Glob Health 2015; 3(1): e10–2.
- 2. Türkiyede Verem Savaş Raporu 2018. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/tuberkuloz_db/dosya/raporlar/Tu_rkiye_de_Verem_Savas_2018_Raporu_kapakl_.pdf adresinden 12 Nisan 2020 tarihinde erişildi.
- 3. Cruz AT, Starke JR. Pediatric tuberculosis. Pediatr Rev 2010; 31(1): 13-25.
- 4. Sharma SK, Mohan A, Sharma A. Challenges in the diagnosis & treatment of miliary tuberculosis. Indian J Med Res 2012; 135(5): 703–730.
- 5. Contwell M, Shebab Z, Costello A et al. Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the United States, 1985 through 1992, Jama 1994; 272: 535-539.
- 6. Taşkesen M, Taş MA, Ecer S, ve ark. Tüberküloz Menenjitli Çocuklarda Kranial Tomografi ve Kranial Magnetik Rezonans Bulgularının İrdelenmesi. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 2005; 32: 117-122.
- 7. Yaramış A, Gürkan F, Elevli M et al. Central Nervous System Tuberculosis in Children: A Review of 214 Cases. Pediatrics 1998; 102: 49-59.
- 8. Farinha NJ, Razali KA, Holzel H, et al. Tuberculosis of the central nervous system in children: a 20-year survey. J Infect 2000; 41(1): 61-68.
- 9. Rock RB, Olin M, Baker CA, et al. Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathogenesis and clinical aspects. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008; 21(2): 243–261.
- 10. Thilothammal N, Krishnamurthy PV, Runyan DK, et al. Does BCG vaccine prevent tuberculous meningitis? Arch Dis Child 1996; 74(2): 144-147.
- 11. Bahr NC, Marais S, Caws M, et al. GeneXpert MTB/Rif to Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis: Perhaps the First Test but not the Last. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am 2016; 62(9):1133–1135.
- 12. Nhu NTQ, Heemskerk D, Thu DDA, et al. Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52(1): 226–233.
- 13. Cherry J, Demmler-Harrison G, Kaplan S, et al. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 7th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia, 2014.
- 14. Bozdemir ŞE, Çelebi S, Hacımustafaoğlu M, ve ark. Tüberküloz menenjitli olguların değerlendirilmesi. J Pediatr Inf 2011; 5: 91-95.
- 15. Garg RK, Malhotra HS, Jain A. Neuroimaging in tuberculous meningitis. Neurol India 2016; 64(2): 219–227.
- 16. Uysal G, Köse G, Güven A, et al. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Childhood Central Nervous System Tuberculosis. Infection 2001; 29(3): 148–153.
- 17. Lammie GA, Hewlett RH, Schoeman JF, et al. Tuberculous cerebrovascular disease: a review. J Inf Secur 2009; 59: 156–166.
- 18. Misra UK, Kumar M, Kalita J. Seizures in tuberculous meningitis. Epilepsy Res 2018;148: 90-95.
- 19. Blumberg HM, Burman WJ, Chaisson RE, et al. American Thoracic Society/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America: treatment of tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 167: 603-662.
Öz
Although central nervous system tuberculosis is very rare in children, it is the most common cause of tuberculosis-related death and long-term sequela. The BCG vaccine is known to protect patients with high rates of tuberculosis meningitis, but its protection decreases with age. The pathogen of the disease can not always be proven, the diagnosis can only made by the evaluation of the story, physical examination, laboratory and imaging methods together. The prognosis of the disease is directly related to early diagnosis and the time of initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Central nervous system tuberculosis case with cerebral infarction is presented for the purpose of emphasizing early diagnosis and treatment.
Anahtar Kelimeler
: Children central nervous system tuberculosis cerebral infarction
Kaynakça
- 1. Zumla A, George A, Sharma V, et al. The WHO 2014 global tuberculosis report–further to go. Lancet Glob Health 2015; 3(1): e10–2.
- 2. Türkiyede Verem Savaş Raporu 2018. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/tuberkuloz_db/dosya/raporlar/Tu_rkiye_de_Verem_Savas_2018_Raporu_kapakl_.pdf adresinden 12 Nisan 2020 tarihinde erişildi.
- 3. Cruz AT, Starke JR. Pediatric tuberculosis. Pediatr Rev 2010; 31(1): 13-25.
- 4. Sharma SK, Mohan A, Sharma A. Challenges in the diagnosis & treatment of miliary tuberculosis. Indian J Med Res 2012; 135(5): 703–730.
- 5. Contwell M, Shebab Z, Costello A et al. Epidemiology of tuberculosis in the United States, 1985 through 1992, Jama 1994; 272: 535-539.
- 6. Taşkesen M, Taş MA, Ecer S, ve ark. Tüberküloz Menenjitli Çocuklarda Kranial Tomografi ve Kranial Magnetik Rezonans Bulgularının İrdelenmesi. Dicle Tıp Dergisi 2005; 32: 117-122.
- 7. Yaramış A, Gürkan F, Elevli M et al. Central Nervous System Tuberculosis in Children: A Review of 214 Cases. Pediatrics 1998; 102: 49-59.
- 8. Farinha NJ, Razali KA, Holzel H, et al. Tuberculosis of the central nervous system in children: a 20-year survey. J Infect 2000; 41(1): 61-68.
- 9. Rock RB, Olin M, Baker CA, et al. Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathogenesis and clinical aspects. Clin Microbiol Rev 2008; 21(2): 243–261.
- 10. Thilothammal N, Krishnamurthy PV, Runyan DK, et al. Does BCG vaccine prevent tuberculous meningitis? Arch Dis Child 1996; 74(2): 144-147.
- 11. Bahr NC, Marais S, Caws M, et al. GeneXpert MTB/Rif to Diagnose Tuberculous Meningitis: Perhaps the First Test but not the Last. Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am 2016; 62(9):1133–1135.
- 12. Nhu NTQ, Heemskerk D, Thu DDA, et al. Evaluation of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. J Clin Microbiol 2014; 52(1): 226–233.
- 13. Cherry J, Demmler-Harrison G, Kaplan S, et al. Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 7th ed. Saunders, Philadelphia, 2014.
- 14. Bozdemir ŞE, Çelebi S, Hacımustafaoğlu M, ve ark. Tüberküloz menenjitli olguların değerlendirilmesi. J Pediatr Inf 2011; 5: 91-95.
- 15. Garg RK, Malhotra HS, Jain A. Neuroimaging in tuberculous meningitis. Neurol India 2016; 64(2): 219–227.
- 16. Uysal G, Köse G, Güven A, et al. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diagnosis of Childhood Central Nervous System Tuberculosis. Infection 2001; 29(3): 148–153.
- 17. Lammie GA, Hewlett RH, Schoeman JF, et al. Tuberculous cerebrovascular disease: a review. J Inf Secur 2009; 59: 156–166.
- 18. Misra UK, Kumar M, Kalita J. Seizures in tuberculous meningitis. Epilepsy Res 2018;148: 90-95.
- 19. Blumberg HM, Burman WJ, Chaisson RE, et al. American Thoracic Society/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America: treatment of tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 167: 603-662.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Bulaşıcı Hastalıklar |
| Bölüm | Olgu Sunumu |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Nisan 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 19 Nisan 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1 |
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