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COVID-19 Dönemindeki Kısmi Kapanmaların Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarının Metabolik Kontrolü Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 67 - 74, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.1259473

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmada, COVID-19 dönemindeki kısmı kapanma uygulamalarının Tip 2 Diyabet Mellitus hastalarının metabolik kontrolü üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte (Ekolojik trend araştırması) yapılan bu araştırma 20 Eylül 2019 ve 20 Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasındaki hasta kayıtlarına dayalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Metabolik kontrol parametrelerindeki değişim, kapanma öncesi ve sonrası dönemdeki Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), açlık plazma glikoz (FPG), Kreatinin (Cr), açlık trigliserit (FTG) ve düşük yoğunluklu kolesterol (LDL-C) değerlerinin arasındaki farklılık incelenerek tespit edilmiştir. Yaş (65 yaş üzerine uygulanan kısmi kapanma önlemleri nedeniyle) ve cinsiyete bağlı alt grup analizleri de yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Kapanma öncesine döneme kıyasla açlık plazma glikoz ve trigliserit seviyelerinde kapanma sonrası dönemde istatistiksel olarak önemli artış tespit edilmiştir (sırasıyla, p=0.036 and p=0.013). Ancak HbA1c, LDL-C, kolesterol ve kreatinin seviyelerinde farklılık bulunamamıştır. Alt grup analizlerinde, <65 yaş ve erkek grupta açlık plazma glikoz ve trigliserit seviyelerindeki artış devam ederken, ≥65 yaş ve kadın grupta hiçbir değerde değişiklik tespit edilememiştir.
Sonuç: Çalışmamıza göre, COVID-19 dönemindeki kısmi kapanma dönemi T2DM hastalarının metabolik kontrol parametrelerini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bununla birlikte, açlık plazma glukoz seviyelerindeki artışa rağmen HbA1c değerlerinde bir değişme tespit edilememiştir. Parametrelerdeki kötüleşme, muhtemelen kısmi kapanma önlemlerinden daha fazla etkilenmeleri nedeniyle erkek ve <65 yaş grubunda, kadın ve ≥65 yaş grubuna kıyasla, daha belirgin olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-733. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
  • 2. Delen D, Eryarsoy E, Davazdahemami B. No Place Like Home: Cross-National Data Analysis of the Efficacy of Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2020;6(2):e19862. Published 2020 May 28. doi:10.2196/19862
  • 3. Eurosurveillance Editorial Team. Updated rapid risk assessment from ECDC on the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(10):pii=2003121. doi:10.2807/1560-7917. ES.2020.25.10.2003121
  • 4. Demirbilek Y, Pehlivantürk G, Özgüler ZÖ, Alp Meşe E. COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey. Turk J Med Sci. 2020;50(SI-1):489-494. Publis- hed 2020 Apr 21. doi:10.3906/sag-2004-187
  • 5. Bakaloudi DR, Jeyakumar DT, Jayawardena R, Chourdakis M. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on snacking habits, fast-food and alcohol consumption: A systematic review of the evidence. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(12):3038-3045. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.020
  • 6. Bakaloudi DR, Barazzoni R, Bischoff SC, Breda J, Wickramasinghe K, Chourdakis M. Impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown on body weight: A combined systematic review and a meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(12):3046-3054. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.015
  • 7. Ng TKY, Kwok CKC, Ngan GYK, et al. Differential Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Involvements and Exercise Habits in People With and Without Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [published correction appears in Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2022 Nov;103(11):2272]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2022;103(7):1448- 1465.e6. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2022.03.011
  • 8. American Diabetes Association. 5. Lifestyle Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(Suppl 1):S46-S60. doi:10.2337/dc19-S005
  • 9. Davies MJ, D’Alessio DA, Fradkin J, et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2018. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care. 2018;41(12):2669-2701. doi:10.2337/dci18-0033
  • 10. Ojo O, Wang XH, Ojo OO, et al. The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Glycaemic Control and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(3):1095. Published 2022 Jan 19. doi:10.3390/ijerph19031095
  • 11. O’Mahoney LL, Highton PJ, Kudlek L, et al. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on glycaemic control in people with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabe- tes Obes Metab. 2022;24(9):1850-1860. doi:10.1111/dom.14771
  • 12. Wafa IA, Pratama NR, Sofia NF, et al. Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Metabolic Control Parameters in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-A- nalysis. Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(2):260-272. doi:10.4093/dmj.2021.0125
  • 13. Fernández E, Cortazar A, Bellido V. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108348. doi:10.1016/j. diabres.2020.108348
  • 14. Rastogi A, Hiteshi P, Bhansali A. Improved glycemic control amongst people with long-standing diabetes during COVID-19 lockdown: a prospective, observational, nested cohort study. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2020;40(4):476-481. doi:10.1007/s13410-020- 00880-x
  • 15. Karatas S, Yesim T, Beysel S. Impact of lockdown COVID-19 on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy people. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021;15(3):424-427. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.01.003
  • 16. Ruiz-Roso MB, Knott-Torcal C, Matilla-Escalante DC, et al. COVID-19 Lockdown and Changes of the Dietary Pattern and Physical Activity Habits in a Cohort of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2327. Published 2020 Aug 4. doi:10.3390/ nu12082327
  • 17. Ghosh A, Arora B, Gupta R, Anoop S, Misra A. Effects of nationwide lockdown during COVID-19 epidemic on lifestyle and other medical issues of patients with type 2 diabetes in north India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(5):917-920. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.044
  • 18. Tanji Y, Sawada S, Watanabe T, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on glycemic cont- rol among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in Japan: A hospital-based survey from a country without lockdown. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021;176:108840. doi:10.1016/j. diabres.2021.108840
  • 19. Mohseni M, Ahmadi S, Azami-Aghdash S, et al. Challenges of routine diabetes care during COVID-19 era: A systematic search and narrative review. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021;15(6):918-922. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.07.017
  • 20. Selek A, Gezer E, Altun E, et al. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus in Turkey: a multi-center study from Kocaeli. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2021;20(2):1461-1467. Published 2021 Aug 27. doi:10.1007/s40200-021- 00888-y
  • 21. Eberle C, Stichling S. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2021;13(1):95. Published 2021 Sep 7. doi:10.1186/s13098-021-00705-9
  • 22. Potier L, Hansel B, Larger E, et al. Stay-at-Home Orders During the COVID-19 Pande- mic, an Opportunity to Improve Glucose Control Through Behavioral Changes in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(3):839-843. doi:10.2337/dc20-2019
  • 23. Turkish Statistical Institute. Labour Force Statistics. January 2021. https://data.tuik.gov. tr/Bulten/Index?p=Labour-Force-Statistics-January-2021-37486&dil=2. Published 10 March 2021. Accessed 30 December 2022.
  • 24. Dupraz J, Le Pogam MA, Peytremann-Bridevaux I. Early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on in-person outpatient care utilisation: a rapid review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(3):e056086. Published 2022 Mar 3. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056086
  • 25. Fekadu G, Bekele F, Tolossa T, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic diseases care follow-up and current perspectives in low resource settings: a narrative review. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2021;13(3):86-93. Published 2021 Jun 15.
  • 26. Kendzerska T, Zhu DT, Gershon AS, et al. The Effects of the Health System Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Chronic Disease Management: A Narrative Review. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021;14:575-584. Published 2021 Feb 15. doi:10.2147/RMHP. S293471
  • 27. Kshanti IA, Epriliawati M, Mokoagow MI, Nasarudin J, Magfira N. The Impact of CO- VID-19 Lockdown on Diabetes Complication and Diabetes Management in People With Diabetes in Indonesia. J Prim Care Community Health. 2021;12:21501327211044888. doi:10.1177/21501327211044888
  • 28. Li J, Huang DQ, Zou B, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes. J Med Virol. 2021;93(3):1449-1458. doi:10.1002/jmv.26424

The Impact of Partial Lockdown During COVID-19 Pandemic on Metabolic Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1, 67 - 74, 30.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.1259473

Öz

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of lockdown due to COVID-19 on the metabolic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This cross-sectional study (Ecological trend study) was conducted based on the medical records of patients with type 2 diabetes between September 20, 2019 and September 20, 2020. The metabolic control changes were evaluated as differences of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), creatinine (Cr), fasting triglyceride (FTG) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) values during pre-lockdown and lockdown periods. The stratified analysis based on age (due to partial closure measures applied over the age of 65) and gender was also performed.
Results: There are statistically significant increases between FPG levels and FTG levels in the “during lockdown” group compared to the “pre-lockdown” group (p=0.036 and p=0.013 respectively) while the differences between HbA1c, LDL, cholesterol and creatinine levels are not significant. In subgroup analysis, increases in FPG and FTG levels remained in both <65 years and male groups, but no significant difference in any parameter was found in both ≥65 years and female groups.
Conclusion: COVID-19 partial lockdown period negatively impacts metabolic control in people with T2DM according to our study results. Although FPG significantly increased, this increase was not found in HbA1c levels. The worsening was more pronounced in the males and patients <65 years than in females and patients ≥ 65 years possibly because of major changes in lifestyle due to partial lockdown measures conducted in Turkey.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-733. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001017
  • 2. Delen D, Eryarsoy E, Davazdahemami B. No Place Like Home: Cross-National Data Analysis of the Efficacy of Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2020;6(2):e19862. Published 2020 May 28. doi:10.2196/19862
  • 3. Eurosurveillance Editorial Team. Updated rapid risk assessment from ECDC on the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: increased transmission in the EU/EEA and the UK. Euro Surveill. 2020;25(10):pii=2003121. doi:10.2807/1560-7917. ES.2020.25.10.2003121
  • 4. Demirbilek Y, Pehlivantürk G, Özgüler ZÖ, Alp Meşe E. COVID-19 outbreak control, example of ministry of health of Turkey. Turk J Med Sci. 2020;50(SI-1):489-494. Publis- hed 2020 Apr 21. doi:10.3906/sag-2004-187
  • 5. Bakaloudi DR, Jeyakumar DT, Jayawardena R, Chourdakis M. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on snacking habits, fast-food and alcohol consumption: A systematic review of the evidence. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(12):3038-3045. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.020
  • 6. Bakaloudi DR, Barazzoni R, Bischoff SC, Breda J, Wickramasinghe K, Chourdakis M. Impact of the first COVID-19 lockdown on body weight: A combined systematic review and a meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2022;41(12):3046-3054. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.015
  • 7. Ng TKY, Kwok CKC, Ngan GYK, et al. Differential Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Involvements and Exercise Habits in People With and Without Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis [published correction appears in Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2022 Nov;103(11):2272]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2022;103(7):1448- 1465.e6. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2022.03.011
  • 8. American Diabetes Association. 5. Lifestyle Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2019. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(Suppl 1):S46-S60. doi:10.2337/dc19-S005
  • 9. Davies MJ, D’Alessio DA, Fradkin J, et al. Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2018. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Diabetes Care. 2018;41(12):2669-2701. doi:10.2337/dci18-0033
  • 10. Ojo O, Wang XH, Ojo OO, et al. The Effects of COVID-19 Lockdown on Glycaemic Control and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(3):1095. Published 2022 Jan 19. doi:10.3390/ijerph19031095
  • 11. O’Mahoney LL, Highton PJ, Kudlek L, et al. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on glycaemic control in people with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabe- tes Obes Metab. 2022;24(9):1850-1860. doi:10.1111/dom.14771
  • 12. Wafa IA, Pratama NR, Sofia NF, et al. Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Metabolic Control Parameters in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-A- nalysis. Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(2):260-272. doi:10.4093/dmj.2021.0125
  • 13. Fernández E, Cortazar A, Bellido V. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108348. doi:10.1016/j. diabres.2020.108348
  • 14. Rastogi A, Hiteshi P, Bhansali A. Improved glycemic control amongst people with long-standing diabetes during COVID-19 lockdown: a prospective, observational, nested cohort study. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries. 2020;40(4):476-481. doi:10.1007/s13410-020- 00880-x
  • 15. Karatas S, Yesim T, Beysel S. Impact of lockdown COVID-19 on metabolic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy people. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021;15(3):424-427. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.01.003
  • 16. Ruiz-Roso MB, Knott-Torcal C, Matilla-Escalante DC, et al. COVID-19 Lockdown and Changes of the Dietary Pattern and Physical Activity Habits in a Cohort of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2327. Published 2020 Aug 4. doi:10.3390/ nu12082327
  • 17. Ghosh A, Arora B, Gupta R, Anoop S, Misra A. Effects of nationwide lockdown during COVID-19 epidemic on lifestyle and other medical issues of patients with type 2 diabetes in north India. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(5):917-920. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.044
  • 18. Tanji Y, Sawada S, Watanabe T, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on glycemic cont- rol among outpatients with type 2 diabetes in Japan: A hospital-based survey from a country without lockdown. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2021;176:108840. doi:10.1016/j. diabres.2021.108840
  • 19. Mohseni M, Ahmadi S, Azami-Aghdash S, et al. Challenges of routine diabetes care during COVID-19 era: A systematic search and narrative review. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021;15(6):918-922. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2021.07.017
  • 20. Selek A, Gezer E, Altun E, et al. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus in Turkey: a multi-center study from Kocaeli. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2021;20(2):1461-1467. Published 2021 Aug 27. doi:10.1007/s40200-021- 00888-y
  • 21. Eberle C, Stichling S. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on glycemic control in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2021;13(1):95. Published 2021 Sep 7. doi:10.1186/s13098-021-00705-9
  • 22. Potier L, Hansel B, Larger E, et al. Stay-at-Home Orders During the COVID-19 Pande- mic, an Opportunity to Improve Glucose Control Through Behavioral Changes in Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(3):839-843. doi:10.2337/dc20-2019
  • 23. Turkish Statistical Institute. Labour Force Statistics. January 2021. https://data.tuik.gov. tr/Bulten/Index?p=Labour-Force-Statistics-January-2021-37486&dil=2. Published 10 March 2021. Accessed 30 December 2022.
  • 24. Dupraz J, Le Pogam MA, Peytremann-Bridevaux I. Early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on in-person outpatient care utilisation: a rapid review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(3):e056086. Published 2022 Mar 3. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056086
  • 25. Fekadu G, Bekele F, Tolossa T, et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic diseases care follow-up and current perspectives in low resource settings: a narrative review. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol. 2021;13(3):86-93. Published 2021 Jun 15.
  • 26. Kendzerska T, Zhu DT, Gershon AS, et al. The Effects of the Health System Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic on Chronic Disease Management: A Narrative Review. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021;14:575-584. Published 2021 Feb 15. doi:10.2147/RMHP. S293471
  • 27. Kshanti IA, Epriliawati M, Mokoagow MI, Nasarudin J, Magfira N. The Impact of CO- VID-19 Lockdown on Diabetes Complication and Diabetes Management in People With Diabetes in Indonesia. J Prim Care Community Health. 2021;12:21501327211044888. doi:10.1177/21501327211044888
  • 28. Li J, Huang DQ, Zou B, et al. Epidemiology of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes. J Med Virol. 2021;93(3):1449-1458. doi:10.1002/jmv.26424
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Halk Sağlığı, Çevre Sağlığı
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ayşe Zülal Tokaç 0000-0002-9235-5647

Tuğde Buse Uğur 0000-0002-7620-4734

Buse Ecem Kurugöl 0000-0002-0473-7507

Sevilay Aligülü 0000-0001-5681-8600

Osman Hayran 0000-0002-9994-5033

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 10 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2023
Kabul Tarihi 31 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Tokaç AZ, Uğur TB, Kurugöl BE, Aligülü S, Hayran O. The Impact of Partial Lockdown During COVID-19 Pandemic on Metabolic Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. Nisan 2023;7(1):67-74. doi:10.34084/bshr.1259473
  • Dergimiz Uluslararası hakemli bir dergi olup TÜRKİYE ATIF DİZİNİ, TürkMedline, CrossREF, ASOS index, Google Scholar, JournalTOCs, Eurasian Scientific Journal Index(ESJI), SOBIAD ve ISIindexing dizinlerinde taranmaktadır. TR Dizin(ULAKBİM), SCOPUS, DOAJ için başvurularımızın sonuçlanması beklenmektedir.