Effects of sleep quality and insomnia severity on metabolic and anthropometric parameters in elderly individuals
Öz
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of sleep quality and insomnia with metabolic/anthropometric parameters in elderly individuals.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 474 elderly individuals. Their fasting blood glucose, haemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, cortisol, C-reactive protein, weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass and body mass index were measured. Their sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and insomnia was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index.
Results: The mean age of the 474 elderly individuals included in the study was 71.02±4.90 years. Poor sleep quality prevalence was found to be 71.1% among the elderly participants and the prevalence of mild to moderate insomnia was 55.1%. The sleep quality score was positively correlated with the postprandial blood glucose level (r=0.121, p<0.01) and comorbidity index and negatively correlated with muscle mass (r=-0.203, p<0.001). Elderly individuals with poor sleep quality had higher postprandial blood glucose levels (p=0.032) and lower skeletal muscle mass levels (p<0.001). In the patients clinically diagnosed with insomnia, the postprandial blood glucose (p=0.019), haemoglobin A1c (p=0.040) and low-density lipoprotein levels were higher (p=0.034), while the muscle mass was lower (p<0.001). The factors that were found to increase the risk of insomnia were age (OR=1.06), being female (OR=2.08) and increased comorbidity burden (OR=1.32) and the factors that were found to increase the risk of poor sleep quality were being female (OR=2.43), lack of exercise (OR=1.95), poor diet (OR=1.85), age (OR=1.05) and increased comorbidity burden (OR=1.17).
Conclusion: Poor sleep quality and insomnia in elderly individuals were found to be associated with high blood glucose levels and low muscle mass levels. Regular exercise and a diet can help reduce sleep problems in elderly individuals.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L et al. National sleep foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health. 2015;1:40-3.
- Hublin C, Partinen M, Koskenvuo M, Kaprio J. Sleep and mortality: a population-based 22-year follow-up study. Sleep. 2007;30:1245-53.
- Yaremchuk K. Sleep disorders in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med. 2018;34: 205-16.
- Gulia KK, Kumar VM. Sleep disorders in the elderly: a growing challenge. Psychogeriatrics. 2018;18:155-65.
- Feinsilver SH. Normal and abnormal sleep in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med. 2021;37:377-86.
- Stewart R, Besset A, Bebbington P, Brugha T, Lindesay J, Jenkins R et al. Insomnia comorbidity and impact and hypnotic use by age group in a national survey population aged 16 to 74 years. Sleep. 2006;29:1391–7.
- Morin CM, Jarrin DC. Epidemiology of insomnia: prevalence, course, risk factors, and public health burden. Sleep Med Clin. 2022;17:173-91.
- Budreviciute A, Damiati S, Sabir DK, Onder K, Schuller-Goetzburg P, Plakys G et al. Management and prevention strategies for non-communicable diseases (ncds) and their risk factors. Front Public Health. 2020;8:574111.
- Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Diseases. 1987;40:373-83.
- Beddhu S, Bruns FJ, Saul M, Seddon P, Zeidel ML. A simple comorbidity scale predicts clinical outcomes and costs in dialysis patients. Am J Med. 2000;108:609-13.
- Bastien CH, Vallières A, Morin CM. Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001;2:297–307.
- Boysan M, Güleç M, Beşiroǧlu L, Kalafat T. Psychometric properties of the insomnia severity index in Turkish sample. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg. 2010;11:248-52.
- Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193-213.
- Ağargün MY, Kara H, Anlar O. Pittsburgh uyku kalitesi ındeksi’nin geçerliği ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatr Derg. 1996;107-15.
- Rodriguez JC, Dzierzewski JM, Alessi CA. Sleep problems in the elderly. Med Clin North Am. 2015;99:431-9.
- Van Cauter E, Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R. Metabolic consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Med. 2008;9:23-8.
- Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Role of sleep and sleep loss in hormonal release and metabolism. Endocr Dev. 2010;17:11-21.
- Reutrakul S, Van Cauter E. Sleep influences on obesity, insulin resistance, and risk of type 2 diabetes. Metabolism. 2018;84:56-66.
- Spiegel K, Knutson K, Leproult R, Tasali E, Van Cauter E. Sleep loss: a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99:2008-19.
- Moreno Reyes P, Muñoz Gutiérrez C, Pizarro Mena R, Jiménez Torres S. Effects of physical exercise on sleep quality, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in the elderly. A literature review. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2020;55:42-9.
- Reid KJ, Baron KG, Lu B, Naylor E, Wolfe L, Zee PC. Aerobic exercise improves self-reported sleep and quality of life in older adults with insomnia. Sleep Med. 2010;11: 934-40.
- Hartescu I, Morgan K, Stevinson CD. Increased physical activity improves sleep and mood outcomes in inactive people with insomnia: a randomized controlled trial. J Sleep Res. 2015;24:526-34.
- Huang HH, Stubbs B, Chen LJ, Ku PW, Hsu TY, Lin CW et al. The effect of physical activity on sleep disturbance in various populations: a scoping review of randomized clinical trials. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2023;20:44.
- Godos J, Grosso G, Castellano S, Galvano F, Caraci F, Ferri R. Association between diet and sleep quality: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev. 2021;57:101430.
- Chaput JP. Sleep patterns, diet quality and energy balance. Physiol Behav. 2014;134:86-91.
- Kische H, Ewert R, Fietze I, Gross S, Wallaschofski H, Völzke H et al. Sex hormones and sleep in men and women from the general population: a cross-sectional observational study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101:3968-77.
- Zhang J, Lam SP, Li SX, Tang NL, Yu MWM, Li AM et al. Insomnia, sleep quality, pain, and somatic symptoms: sex differences and shared genetic components. Pain. 2012;153:666-73.
- Verlinden JJ, Moloney ME, Whitehurst LN, Weafer J. Sex differences in the association between poor sleep quality and alcohol-related problems among heavy drinkers with ınsomnia. Front Behav Neurosci. 2022;16:875168
Uyku kalitesinin ve uykusuzluk şiddetinin yaşlı bireylerde metabolik ve antropometrik parametreler üzerindeki etkileri
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışma yaşlı bireylerde uyku kalitesi ve uykusuzluğun metabolik ve antropometrik parametrelerle ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma 474 yaşlı birey ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Açlık kan şekeri, hemoglobin A1c, toplam kolesterol, trigliserid, düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein, kortizol, C-reaktif protein, ağırlık, bel çevresi, bel-kalça oranı, iskelet kas kütlesi, vücut yağı kütlesi ve vücut kitle indeksi ölçülmüştür. Uyku kalitesi Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi ve uykusuzluk İnsomnia Şiddet İndeksi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 474 yaşlı bireyin ortalama yaşı 71,02±4,90 yıldır. Yaşlı katılımcılar arasında kötü uyku kalitesi prevalansı %71,1 hafif ve orta derecede uykusuzluk prevalansı %55,1’dir. Uyku kalitesi skoru, postprandiyal kan şekeri düzeyi ve komorbidite indeksi ile pozitif korelasyon (r=0.121, p<0.01) ve kas kütlesi ile negatif korelasyon (r=-0.203, p<0.001) göstermektedir. Uyku kalitesi düşük olan yaşlı bireylerin postprandiyal kan şekeri düzeyleri daha yüksek(p=0.032), iskelet kas kütlesi ise daha düşüktür(p<0.001). Klinik olarak uykusuzluk tanısı konulan hastalarda postprandiyal kan şekeri(p=0.019), hemoglobin A1c (p=0.040) ve düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein düzeyleri daha yüksekken (p=0.034) kas kütlesi daha düşüktür(p<0.001). Uykusuzluk riskini artıran faktörler yaş (OR=1.06), kadın olmak (OR=2.08) ve artmış komorbidite yükü (OR=1.32) iken, uyku kalitesinin bozuk olma riskini artıran faktörler kadın olmak(OR=2.43), egzersiz eksikliği (OR=1.95), kötü beslenme (OR=1.85), yaş (OR=1.05) ve artmış komorbidite yükü (OR=1.17) olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Yaşlı bireylerde uykusuzluğun ve uyku kalitesinin düşük olmasının yüksek kan şekeri düzeyleri ve düşük kas kütlesi düzeyleri ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Düzenli egzersiz ve diyet yaşlı bireylerde uyku sorunlarını azaltmaya yardımcı olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L et al. National sleep foundation's sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health. 2015;1:40-3.
- Hublin C, Partinen M, Koskenvuo M, Kaprio J. Sleep and mortality: a population-based 22-year follow-up study. Sleep. 2007;30:1245-53.
- Yaremchuk K. Sleep disorders in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med. 2018;34: 205-16.
- Gulia KK, Kumar VM. Sleep disorders in the elderly: a growing challenge. Psychogeriatrics. 2018;18:155-65.
- Feinsilver SH. Normal and abnormal sleep in the elderly. Clin Geriatr Med. 2021;37:377-86.
- Stewart R, Besset A, Bebbington P, Brugha T, Lindesay J, Jenkins R et al. Insomnia comorbidity and impact and hypnotic use by age group in a national survey population aged 16 to 74 years. Sleep. 2006;29:1391–7.
- Morin CM, Jarrin DC. Epidemiology of insomnia: prevalence, course, risk factors, and public health burden. Sleep Med Clin. 2022;17:173-91.
- Budreviciute A, Damiati S, Sabir DK, Onder K, Schuller-Goetzburg P, Plakys G et al. Management and prevention strategies for non-communicable diseases (ncds) and their risk factors. Front Public Health. 2020;8:574111.
- Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Diseases. 1987;40:373-83.
- Beddhu S, Bruns FJ, Saul M, Seddon P, Zeidel ML. A simple comorbidity scale predicts clinical outcomes and costs in dialysis patients. Am J Med. 2000;108:609-13.
- Bastien CH, Vallières A, Morin CM. Validation of the insomnia severity index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001;2:297–307.
- Boysan M, Güleç M, Beşiroǧlu L, Kalafat T. Psychometric properties of the insomnia severity index in Turkish sample. Anadolu Psikiyatr Derg. 2010;11:248-52.
- Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989;28:193-213.
- Ağargün MY, Kara H, Anlar O. Pittsburgh uyku kalitesi ındeksi’nin geçerliği ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatr Derg. 1996;107-15.
- Rodriguez JC, Dzierzewski JM, Alessi CA. Sleep problems in the elderly. Med Clin North Am. 2015;99:431-9.
- Van Cauter E, Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R. Metabolic consequences of sleep and sleep loss. Sleep Med. 2008;9:23-8.
- Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Role of sleep and sleep loss in hormonal release and metabolism. Endocr Dev. 2010;17:11-21.
- Reutrakul S, Van Cauter E. Sleep influences on obesity, insulin resistance, and risk of type 2 diabetes. Metabolism. 2018;84:56-66.
- Spiegel K, Knutson K, Leproult R, Tasali E, Van Cauter E. Sleep loss: a novel risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. J Appl Physiol. 2005;99:2008-19.
- Moreno Reyes P, Muñoz Gutiérrez C, Pizarro Mena R, Jiménez Torres S. Effects of physical exercise on sleep quality, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in the elderly. A literature review. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2020;55:42-9.
- Reid KJ, Baron KG, Lu B, Naylor E, Wolfe L, Zee PC. Aerobic exercise improves self-reported sleep and quality of life in older adults with insomnia. Sleep Med. 2010;11: 934-40.
- Hartescu I, Morgan K, Stevinson CD. Increased physical activity improves sleep and mood outcomes in inactive people with insomnia: a randomized controlled trial. J Sleep Res. 2015;24:526-34.
- Huang HH, Stubbs B, Chen LJ, Ku PW, Hsu TY, Lin CW et al. The effect of physical activity on sleep disturbance in various populations: a scoping review of randomized clinical trials. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2023;20:44.
- Godos J, Grosso G, Castellano S, Galvano F, Caraci F, Ferri R. Association between diet and sleep quality: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev. 2021;57:101430.
- Chaput JP. Sleep patterns, diet quality and energy balance. Physiol Behav. 2014;134:86-91.
- Kische H, Ewert R, Fietze I, Gross S, Wallaschofski H, Völzke H et al. Sex hormones and sleep in men and women from the general population: a cross-sectional observational study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016;101:3968-77.
- Zhang J, Lam SP, Li SX, Tang NL, Yu MWM, Li AM et al. Insomnia, sleep quality, pain, and somatic symptoms: sex differences and shared genetic components. Pain. 2012;153:666-73.
- Verlinden JJ, Moloney ME, Whitehurst LN, Weafer J. Sex differences in the association between poor sleep quality and alcohol-related problems among heavy drinkers with ınsomnia. Front Behav Neurosci. 2022;16:875168
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Endokrinoloji |
| Bölüm | Araştırma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 25 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Eylül 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 20 Ağustos 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 48 Sayı: 3 |
