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PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY PATIENTS WITH IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTERY DEFIBRILLATOR AND NURSING MANAGEMENT

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 94 - 102, 31.03.2024

Serap Tuna

https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998

Öz

Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most important diseases that cause mortality and morbidity in societies. The most common disease groups in cardiovascular diseases are ventricular arrhythmias and heart failures. Their treatment includes implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). ICDs are devices developed to prevent sudden cardiac death due to ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. These devices are devices that detect a dangerous rhythm disorder and apply shock when necessary. This review aims to give information about the nurse's role in patients with ICD. After the implantable cardioverter defibrillator is installed, patients may encounter many problems, requiring them to change their lifestyle. Among the problems that patients with ICD may encounter; are psychosocial problems (anxiety, depression, fear), sleep problems, worries about the future, worries about device malfunction, pain due to shock, anxiety, loss of control, deterioration in body image, limitation of motor vehicle use, limitation of lifestyle, fear of sexual life and death There are such concerns. This can negatively affect people's quality of life. It is an important problem that most patients today do not know about ICD. It is of great importance that nurses know the care of patients with ICDs. Nursing care and carrying out appropriate nursing processes contribute to the improvement of a patient's quality of life. It is also important to provide in-service training programs to nurses who have duties such as care, education, and counseling.

Anahtar Kelimeler

implantable cardioverter defibrillatör nurse patient education

Kaynakça

  • 1. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Geliş tarihi 24 Mart 2022, gönderen https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(vcds)
  • 2. TÜİK Kurumsal. Geliş tarihi 24 Mart 2022, gönderen https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2022-49679
  • 3. Abbasi M, Negarandeh R, Norouzadeh R, Mogadam ARS. The Challenges of Living With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: A Qualitative Study. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2016, 22;18(10):e25158.
  • 4. Góral S, Telıżyn M, Rajzer M, Olszanecka A. Patient’s Knowledge of Daily Activities, need for İnformation and Quality of Life after Cardiac Electronic Device İmplantation Folıa Medıca Cracovıensıa. 2022; 12(2): 121–134.
  • 5. Fowler LH. Nursing Management for Patients Postoperative Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Placement. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2019;31(1):65-76.
  • 6. Pannag J, Martin L, Yost J, McGillion M, Carroll SL. Testing a nurse-led, pre-implantation educational intervention for primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator candidates: a randomized feasibility trial, European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2021;20(4):367–375.
  • 7. Ascoeta MS, Marijon E, Defaye P, Klug D, Beganton F, Perier MC, Gras D, Algalarrondo V, Deharo J, Leclercq C, Fauchier L, Babuty D, Bordachar P, Sadoul N, Boveda S, Piot O. Impact of Early Complications on Outcomes in Patients with İmplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator for Primary Prevention. Heart Rhythm, 2016;13(5):1045-1051. 8. Sridhar ARM, Yarlagadda V, Kanmanthareddy A, Parasa S, Maybrook R, Dawn B, Reddy YM, Lakkireddy D. Incidence, Predictors and Outcomes of Hematoma After ICD İmplantation: An Analysis of a Nationwide Database of 85,276 Patients, Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal. 2016; 16(5):159-164.
  • 9. Quinn S, Elhadi M, Weedle R, Nolan P, Keane S, Murphy T, Hynes B, Smyth Y, MacNeill B, Crowley J, Nash P. Cardiac İmplantable Electronic Device Complications in A Real-World Setting. BMJ Journals. 2019;105:13-14. 10. Reinoud E Knops, Shari Pepplinkhuizen, Peter Paul H M Delnoy, Lucas V A Boersma, Juergen Kuschyk, Mikhael F El-Chami, Hendrik Bonnemeier, Elijah R Behr, Tom F Brouwer, Stefan Kaab, Suneet Mittal, Anne-Floor B E Quast, Willeke van der Stuijt, Lonneke Smeding, Jolien A de Veld, Jan G P Tijssen, Nick R Bijsterveld, Sergio Richter, Marc A Brouwer, Joris R de Groot, Kirsten M Kooiman, Pier D Lambiase, Petr Neuzil, Kevin Vernooy, Marco Alings, Timothy R Betts, Frank A L E Bracke, Martin C Burke, Jonas S S G de Jong, David J Wright, Ward P J Jansen, Zachary I Whinnett, Peter Nordbeck, Michael Knaut,
  • Berit T Philbert, Jurren M van Opstal, Alexandru B Chicos, Cornelis P Allaart, Alida E Borger van der Burg, Jose M Dizon, Marc A Miller, Dmitry Nemirovsky, Ralf Surber, Gaurav A Upadhyay, Raul Weiss, Anouk de Weger, Arthur A M Wilde, Louise R A Olde Nordkamp, On behalf of the PRAETORIAN Investigators, Device-related complications in subcutaneous versus transvenous ICD: a secondary analysis of the PRAETORIAN trial, European Heart Journal. 2022; 43(47): 4872–4883.
  • 11. Palmisano, P, Guerra, F, Dell’Era, G. et al. Impact on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Complications: Results From the POINTED Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol EP. 2020; 6 (4): 382–392.
  • 12. Rakhshan M, Ansari L, Molazem Z, Zare N. Complications of Heart Rhythm Management Devices After Cardiac Rehabilitation Program. Clinical Nurse Specialist CNS. 2017; 31(3): 1-6.
  • 13. Wong FM, Sit JW, Wong EM, Choi KC. Factors Associated With Anxiety And Depression Among Patients With İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2017;26(9):1328-1337.
  • 14. Journiac J, Vioulac C, Jacob A, Escarnot C, Untas A. What Do We Know About Young Adult Cardiac Patients' Experience? A Systematic Review. Front Psychol. 2020; 7;11:1119.
  • 15. Pike A, Dobbin-Williams K, Swab M. Experiences of Adults Living With an İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence. JBI Evid Synth. 2020; 18(11):2231-2301.
  • 16. Andreu SA, Montesinos MDH, Fernández CG, Ros EF, Muñoz JJS, Alberola AG. Psychological Adjustment in Patients With an İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: Primary Prevention and Secondary Prevention. A Comparative Study. Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2020; 94(27): 1-11.
  • 17. Starrenburg A, Pedersen S, van den Broek K, Kraaier K, Scholten M, Van der Palen J. Gender differences in psychological distress and quality of life in patients with an ICD 1-year postimplant. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37(7):843-52.
  • 18. Palm P, Zwisler A-D, Svendsen JH. Compromised Sexual Health Among Male Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. Sex Med. 2019; 7:169–176.
  • 19. Ghojazadeh M, Azami-Aghdash S, Sohrab-Navi Z, Kolahdouzan K. Cardiovascular Patients' Experiences of Living with Pacemaker: Qualitative Study. ARYA Atheroscler. 2015;11(5):281-8. 20. Forman J, Baumbusch J, Jackson H, Lindenberg J, Shook A, Bashir J. Exploring the Patients’ Experiences of Living with a Subcutaneous İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing: Journal of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Nursing of the European Society of Cardiology. 2018; 17(8): 698-706.
  • 21. Theuns DA, Jordaens LS. Remote monitoring in implantable defibrillator therapy. Neth Heart J. 2008;16(2):53-6.
  • 22. Health Quality Ontario. Remote Monitoring of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Permanent Pacemakers: A Health Technology Assessment. Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2018;18(7):1-199.
  • 23. Dougherty CM, Thompson EA, Kudenchuk PJ. Patient plus partner trial: A randomized controlled trial of 2 interventions to improve outcomes after an initial implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Heart Rhythm. 2019;16(3):453-459.
  • 24. Palese A, Cracina A, Purino M, Urli N, Fabris S, Danielis M, The experiences of patients electrically shocked by an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: Findings from a descriptive qualitative study. Nursing in Critical Care. 2020; 25(4):229-237.
  • 25. Nidhi Tripathi, Rashmi PJ, Pravesh V. Efficacy of Information Booklet Regarding Home Care Management on Knowledge among Patients with Permanent Pacemakers. Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2021; 11(1):31-40.
  • 26. Jassam AK, Hassan HS. Effectıveness Of An Instructıonal Program On Practıce Of Patıents Wıth Permanent Pacemaker Concernıng Self- Care In Baghdad Teachıng Hospıtal. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research (JCDR). 2021;12(3): 1056-1079.
  • 27. Yossif AAH, El-aal EMA. Home Care for Patients with Permanent Pacemaker Insertion. Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS). 2017; 6(4):49-57.
  • 28. Bryant HC, Roberts PR, Diprose P, Perioperative management of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices, BJA Education, Volume 16, Issue 11, November 2016;16(11):388–396,
  • 29. Marrıot L, Larson LW. Postoperative Management. Poole J, Larson LW. Surgical Implantation of Cardiac Rhythm Devices. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2018, 244-245.
  • 30. Lennerz C, Pavaci H, Grebmer C, Semmler V, Bourier F, Haller B, et al. Electromagnetic interference in cardiac implantable electronic devices: is the use of smartphones safe? J Am Coll Cardio. 2017; 69(1): 108–10. 31. Sammet S. Magnetic resonance safety. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2016;41(3):444-51.
  • 32. Tom J. Management of Patients With Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices in Dental, Oral, and Maxillofacial Surgery. Anesth Prog. 2016;63(2):95-104.
  • 33. Watanabe E, Abe H, Watanabe S. Driving Restrictions in Patients with İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillators and Pacemakers. J Arrhythm. 2017;33(6):594-601.
  • 34. Bouslama MA, Ferhi F, Hacheni F, Ons K, Abdeljelil K, Jazia KB, Khairi H. Pregnancy and delivery in woman with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: what we should know. Pan Afr Med J. 2018 30;30:236.
  • 35. Carlsson J, Paul NW, Dann M, Neuzner J, Pfeiffer D. The deactivation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: medical, ethical, practical, and legal considerations. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2012;109(33-34):535-41.
  • 36. Ahmed AM, Taha NM, Zytoon HK, Mohammed MA. Factors Affecting Nurses Performance Regarding Care for Patients with Permanent Pacemaker. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. 2021; 5(6): 20000-8. 37. HadiAtiyah H, Mohammed H. Nurses, Knowledge Concerning an Implantation Pacemaker for Adult Patients with Cardiac Rhythm Disorder at Al-Nassirrhyia Heart Center. Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences. 2016, 6(1):216-223.

İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 94 - 102, 31.03.2024

Serap Tuna

https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998

Öz

Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, toplumlarda mortalite ve morbitideye neden olan ölümlerin başında gelen en önemli hastalıklardan biridir. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklarda en sık karşılaşılan hastalık gruplarını ventriküler aritmiler ve kalp yetmezlikleri oluşturmaktadır. Bunların tedavisinde implante edilebilir kardiyoverter defibrilatörler (ICD) yer almaktadır. ICD’ler ventriküler taşikardi veya ventriküler fibrilasyona bağlı ani kardiyak ölümü önlemek için geliştirilmiş cihazlardır. Bu cihazlar tehlikeli bir ritim bozukluğunu tespit edip, gereken durumlarda şok uygulaması yapan cihazlardır. Bu derlemede ICD’ye sahip hastalarda hemşirenin rolü hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Implante edilebilir kardiyoverter defibrilatör takıldıktan sonra hastalar birçok sorunla karşılaşabilir ve bu da onların yaşam şekillerinde değişiklik yapmalarını gerektirmektedir. ICD’ye sahip hastaların karşılaşabilecekleri sorunlar arasında; psikososyal sorunlar (anksiyete, depresyon, korku), uyku problemleri, gelecek ile ilgili endişeler, cihaz arızasıyla ilgili endişeler, şoka bağlı ağrı, kaygı, kontrol kaybı, beden imajında bozulma, motorlu araç kullanımın kısıtlılığı, yaşam tarzı kısıtlılığı, cinsel yaşam ve ölüm korkusu gibi endişeler bulunmaktadır. Bu da kişilerin yaşam kalitelerini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilmektir. Günümüzde hastaların çoğunun ICD konusunda bilgi sahibi olmaması önemli bir sorundur. Hemşirelerin ICD’li hastaların bakımı konusunda bilgi sahibi olmaları büyük önem taşımaktadır. Hemşirelik bakımı ve uygun hemşirelik süreçlerinin yürütülmesi hastaların yaşam kalitesinin artmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Bakım, eğitim ve danışmanlık gibi görevleri bulunan hemşirelere hizmet içi eğitim programlarının verilmesi de önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

implante edilebilir kardiyoverter defibrilatör hemşire hasta eğitimi

Kaynakça

  • 1. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Geliş tarihi 24 Mart 2022, gönderen https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(vcds)
  • 2. TÜİK Kurumsal. Geliş tarihi 24 Mart 2022, gönderen https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2022-49679
  • 3. Abbasi M, Negarandeh R, Norouzadeh R, Mogadam ARS. The Challenges of Living With an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: A Qualitative Study. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2016, 22;18(10):e25158.
  • 4. Góral S, Telıżyn M, Rajzer M, Olszanecka A. Patient’s Knowledge of Daily Activities, need for İnformation and Quality of Life after Cardiac Electronic Device İmplantation Folıa Medıca Cracovıensıa. 2022; 12(2): 121–134.
  • 5. Fowler LH. Nursing Management for Patients Postoperative Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Placement. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2019;31(1):65-76.
  • 6. Pannag J, Martin L, Yost J, McGillion M, Carroll SL. Testing a nurse-led, pre-implantation educational intervention for primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator candidates: a randomized feasibility trial, European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.2021;20(4):367–375.
  • 7. Ascoeta MS, Marijon E, Defaye P, Klug D, Beganton F, Perier MC, Gras D, Algalarrondo V, Deharo J, Leclercq C, Fauchier L, Babuty D, Bordachar P, Sadoul N, Boveda S, Piot O. Impact of Early Complications on Outcomes in Patients with İmplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator for Primary Prevention. Heart Rhythm, 2016;13(5):1045-1051. 8. Sridhar ARM, Yarlagadda V, Kanmanthareddy A, Parasa S, Maybrook R, Dawn B, Reddy YM, Lakkireddy D. Incidence, Predictors and Outcomes of Hematoma After ICD İmplantation: An Analysis of a Nationwide Database of 85,276 Patients, Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal. 2016; 16(5):159-164.
  • 9. Quinn S, Elhadi M, Weedle R, Nolan P, Keane S, Murphy T, Hynes B, Smyth Y, MacNeill B, Crowley J, Nash P. Cardiac İmplantable Electronic Device Complications in A Real-World Setting. BMJ Journals. 2019;105:13-14. 10. Reinoud E Knops, Shari Pepplinkhuizen, Peter Paul H M Delnoy, Lucas V A Boersma, Juergen Kuschyk, Mikhael F El-Chami, Hendrik Bonnemeier, Elijah R Behr, Tom F Brouwer, Stefan Kaab, Suneet Mittal, Anne-Floor B E Quast, Willeke van der Stuijt, Lonneke Smeding, Jolien A de Veld, Jan G P Tijssen, Nick R Bijsterveld, Sergio Richter, Marc A Brouwer, Joris R de Groot, Kirsten M Kooiman, Pier D Lambiase, Petr Neuzil, Kevin Vernooy, Marco Alings, Timothy R Betts, Frank A L E Bracke, Martin C Burke, Jonas S S G de Jong, David J Wright, Ward P J Jansen, Zachary I Whinnett, Peter Nordbeck, Michael Knaut,
  • Berit T Philbert, Jurren M van Opstal, Alexandru B Chicos, Cornelis P Allaart, Alida E Borger van der Burg, Jose M Dizon, Marc A Miller, Dmitry Nemirovsky, Ralf Surber, Gaurav A Upadhyay, Raul Weiss, Anouk de Weger, Arthur A M Wilde, Louise R A Olde Nordkamp, On behalf of the PRAETORIAN Investigators, Device-related complications in subcutaneous versus transvenous ICD: a secondary analysis of the PRAETORIAN trial, European Heart Journal. 2022; 43(47): 4872–4883.
  • 11. Palmisano, P, Guerra, F, Dell’Era, G. et al. Impact on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Complications: Results From the POINTED Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol EP. 2020; 6 (4): 382–392.
  • 12. Rakhshan M, Ansari L, Molazem Z, Zare N. Complications of Heart Rhythm Management Devices After Cardiac Rehabilitation Program. Clinical Nurse Specialist CNS. 2017; 31(3): 1-6.
  • 13. Wong FM, Sit JW, Wong EM, Choi KC. Factors Associated With Anxiety And Depression Among Patients With İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2017;26(9):1328-1337.
  • 14. Journiac J, Vioulac C, Jacob A, Escarnot C, Untas A. What Do We Know About Young Adult Cardiac Patients' Experience? A Systematic Review. Front Psychol. 2020; 7;11:1119.
  • 15. Pike A, Dobbin-Williams K, Swab M. Experiences of Adults Living With an İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator for Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Evidence. JBI Evid Synth. 2020; 18(11):2231-2301.
  • 16. Andreu SA, Montesinos MDH, Fernández CG, Ros EF, Muñoz JJS, Alberola AG. Psychological Adjustment in Patients With an İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: Primary Prevention and Secondary Prevention. A Comparative Study. Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2020; 94(27): 1-11.
  • 17. Starrenburg A, Pedersen S, van den Broek K, Kraaier K, Scholten M, Van der Palen J. Gender differences in psychological distress and quality of life in patients with an ICD 1-year postimplant. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2014;37(7):843-52.
  • 18. Palm P, Zwisler A-D, Svendsen JH. Compromised Sexual Health Among Male Patients With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. Sex Med. 2019; 7:169–176.
  • 19. Ghojazadeh M, Azami-Aghdash S, Sohrab-Navi Z, Kolahdouzan K. Cardiovascular Patients' Experiences of Living with Pacemaker: Qualitative Study. ARYA Atheroscler. 2015;11(5):281-8. 20. Forman J, Baumbusch J, Jackson H, Lindenberg J, Shook A, Bashir J. Exploring the Patients’ Experiences of Living with a Subcutaneous İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillator. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing: Journal of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Nursing of the European Society of Cardiology. 2018; 17(8): 698-706.
  • 21. Theuns DA, Jordaens LS. Remote monitoring in implantable defibrillator therapy. Neth Heart J. 2008;16(2):53-6.
  • 22. Health Quality Ontario. Remote Monitoring of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy and Permanent Pacemakers: A Health Technology Assessment. Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2018;18(7):1-199.
  • 23. Dougherty CM, Thompson EA, Kudenchuk PJ. Patient plus partner trial: A randomized controlled trial of 2 interventions to improve outcomes after an initial implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Heart Rhythm. 2019;16(3):453-459.
  • 24. Palese A, Cracina A, Purino M, Urli N, Fabris S, Danielis M, The experiences of patients electrically shocked by an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: Findings from a descriptive qualitative study. Nursing in Critical Care. 2020; 25(4):229-237.
  • 25. Nidhi Tripathi, Rashmi PJ, Pravesh V. Efficacy of Information Booklet Regarding Home Care Management on Knowledge among Patients with Permanent Pacemakers. Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2021; 11(1):31-40.
  • 26. Jassam AK, Hassan HS. Effectıveness Of An Instructıonal Program On Practıce Of Patıents Wıth Permanent Pacemaker Concernıng Self- Care In Baghdad Teachıng Hospıtal. Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research (JCDR). 2021;12(3): 1056-1079.
  • 27. Yossif AAH, El-aal EMA. Home Care for Patients with Permanent Pacemaker Insertion. Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS). 2017; 6(4):49-57.
  • 28. Bryant HC, Roberts PR, Diprose P, Perioperative management of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices, BJA Education, Volume 16, Issue 11, November 2016;16(11):388–396,
  • 29. Marrıot L, Larson LW. Postoperative Management. Poole J, Larson LW. Surgical Implantation of Cardiac Rhythm Devices. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2018, 244-245.
  • 30. Lennerz C, Pavaci H, Grebmer C, Semmler V, Bourier F, Haller B, et al. Electromagnetic interference in cardiac implantable electronic devices: is the use of smartphones safe? J Am Coll Cardio. 2017; 69(1): 108–10. 31. Sammet S. Magnetic resonance safety. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2016;41(3):444-51.
  • 32. Tom J. Management of Patients With Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices in Dental, Oral, and Maxillofacial Surgery. Anesth Prog. 2016;63(2):95-104.
  • 33. Watanabe E, Abe H, Watanabe S. Driving Restrictions in Patients with İmplantable Cardioverter Defibrillators and Pacemakers. J Arrhythm. 2017;33(6):594-601.
  • 34. Bouslama MA, Ferhi F, Hacheni F, Ons K, Abdeljelil K, Jazia KB, Khairi H. Pregnancy and delivery in woman with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator: what we should know. Pan Afr Med J. 2018 30;30:236.
  • 35. Carlsson J, Paul NW, Dann M, Neuzner J, Pfeiffer D. The deactivation of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: medical, ethical, practical, and legal considerations. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2012;109(33-34):535-41.
  • 36. Ahmed AM, Taha NM, Zytoon HK, Mohammed MA. Factors Affecting Nurses Performance Regarding Care for Patients with Permanent Pacemaker. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. 2021; 5(6): 20000-8. 37. HadiAtiyah H, Mohammed H. Nurses, Knowledge Concerning an Implantation Pacemaker for Adult Patients with Cardiac Rhythm Disorder at Al-Nassirrhyia Heart Center. Kufa Journal for Nursing Sciences. 2016, 6(1):216-223.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Dahili Hastalıklar Hemşireliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Serap Tuna 0000-0002-9868-8514

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 29 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Ekim 2023
Kabul Tarihi 5 Mart 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Tuna, S. (2024). İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998
AMA Tuna S. İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ. Gazi sağlık bilim. derg. Mart 2024;9(1):94-102. doi:10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998
Chicago Tuna, Serap. “İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ”. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 9, sy. 1 (Mart 2024): 94-102. https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998.
EndNote Tuna S (01 Mart 2024) İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 9 1 94–102.
IEEE S. Tuna, “İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ”, Gazi sağlık bilim. derg, c. 9, sy. 1, ss. 94–102, 2024, doi: 10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998.
ISNAD Tuna, Serap. “İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ”. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 9/1 (Mart 2024), 94-102. https://doi.org/10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998.
JAMA Tuna S. İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ. Gazi sağlık bilim. derg. 2024;9:94–102.
MLA Tuna, Serap. “İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ”. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 9, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 94-102, doi:10.52881/gsbdergi.1375998.
Vancouver Tuna S. İMPLANTE EDİLEBİLİR KARDİYOVERTER DEFİBRİLATÖRÜ OLAN HASTALARIN YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE HEMŞİRELİK YÖNETİMİ. Gazi sağlık bilim. derg. 2024;9(1):94-102.