THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, INTERNET ADDICTION, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Özlem Menevşe; Merve Nur Kırçova; Zeynep Şenyiğit; Ezgi Türkben; Derya Kara; Fatma Akmeşe; Melike Şeyda Fidancı; Büşra Kepenek Varol

Araştırma Makalesi

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, INTERNET ADDICTION, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 14 - 19, 27.11.2023

Özlem Menevşe Merve Nur Kırçova Zeynep Şenyiğit Ezgi Türkben Derya Kara Fatma Akmeşe Melike Şeyda Fidancı Büşra Kepenek Varol

Öz

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical activity, internet addiction, depression, anxiety and stress in university students studying in the physiotherapy and rehabilitation department in Turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Eighty students were included in the study. The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess the level of physical activity in this study. Internet addiction of the students was assessed using 12-items Young’s Internet Addiction Test - Short Form. Mental health (depression, anxiety and stress) of the students was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21). All data were collected via online survey system.
Results: Fifty five percent of the students had low physical activity levels. Internet use was found to be normal in 44%, problematic in 20%, and pathological in 16%. When the students were examined in terms of mental health, 40% were normal for depression, 28% for anxiety and 54% for stress. There was low positive correlation (r= 0.276; p= 0.013) between internet addiction and depression, and a low positive correlation (r= 0.233; p= 0.037) between internet addiction and total score of DASS-21.
Discussion: In this study, a relationship was obtained between internet addiction and depression, while there is no relationship between other parameters. Considering today, internet addiction may be a serious problem in the future, especially in lockdowns and regional quarantine practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, physical activity, internet addiction, depression, anxiety

Kaynakça

1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-51. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10, accessed September 18, 2021.
2. Romano CM, Chebabo A, Levi JE. Past, present, and future of COVID-19: a review. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2020;53(9):e10475.
3. Toprak Celenay S, Karaaslan Y, Mete O, Ozer Kaya D. Coronaphobia, musculoskeletal pain, and sleep quality in stay-at home and continued-working persons during the 3-month Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Turkey. Chronobiol Int. 2020;37(12):1778-85.
4. Bielec G, Omelan A. Physical activity behaviors and physical work capacity in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):891.
5. Luo Q, Zhang P, Liu Y, Ma X, Jennings G. Intervention of physical activity for university students with anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control period: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(22): 15338.
6. Rodriguez-Larrad A, Manas A, Labayen I, Gonzalez-Gross M, Espin A, Aznar S, et al. Impact of COVID-19 confinement on physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Spanish university students: Role of gender. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2): 369.
7. Taeymans J, Luijckx E, Rogan S, Haas K, Baur H. Physical activity, nutritional habits, and sleeping behavior in students and employees of a Swiss University during the COVID-19 lockdown period: Questionnaire survey study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2021;7(4):e26330.
8. Tahir MJ, Malik NI, Ullah I, Khan HR, Perveen S, Ramalho R, et al. Internet addiction and sleep quality among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2021;16(11):e0259594.
9. Gavurova B, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M, Mudarri T. Internet addiction in socio-demographic, academic, and psychological profile of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Front Public Health. 2022;10:944085.
10. Li YY, Sun Y, Meng SQ, Bao YP, Cheng JL, Chang XW, et al. Internet addiction increases in the general population during COVID-19: Evidence from China. Am J Addict. 2021;30(4):389-97.
11. Deb N, Roy P. Internet addiction, depression, anxiety and stress among first year medical students after COVID-19 lockdown: A cross sectional study in West Bengal, India. J Family Med Prim Care. 2022;11(10):6402-6.
12. Wang Y, Li Y. Physical activity and mental health in sports university students during the COVID-19 school confinement in Shanghai. Front Public Health. 2022;10:977072.
13. Woodruff SJ, Coyne P, St-Pierre E. Stress, physical activity, and screen-related sedentary behaviour within the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic. Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2021;13(2):454-68.
14. Deng J, Zhou F, Hou W, Silver Z, Wong CY, Chang O, et al. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and sleep disturbance in higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2021;301:113863.
15. Chang JJ, Ji Y, Li YH, Pan HF, Su PY. Prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom among college students during COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2021;292:242-54.
16. Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381-95.
17. Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 2010;111(1):278-84.
18. Pawlikowski M, Altstötter-Gleich C, Brand M. Validation and psychometric properties of a short version of Young’s Internet Addiction Test. Computers in Human Behavior. 2013;29(3):1212-23.
19. Cakar S, Eren G. Internet addiction in constipated adolescents. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023;34(3):287-92.
20. Kutlu M, Savci M, Demir Y, Aysan F. Turkish adaptation of Young's Internet Addiction Test-Short Form: a reliability and validity study on university students and adolescents. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;17(1): 69-76.
21. Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol. 2005;44(Pt 2):227-39.
22. Yılmaz Ö, Boz H, Arslan A. The validity and reliability of depression stress and anxiety scale (DASS-21) Turkish short form. J Financ Econom Soc Stud. 2017;2(2):78-91.
23. Akın A, İskender M. Internet addiction and depression, anxiety and stress. Int J Educ Sci. 2011;3(1):138-48.
24. Algina J, Olejnik S. Sample size tables for correlation analysis with applications in partial correlation and multiple regression analysis. Multivariate Behav Res. 2003;38(3):309-23.
25. Olfert MD, Wattick RA, Saurborn EG, Hagedorn RL. Impact of COVID-19 on college student diet quality and physical activity. Nutr Health. 2022;28(4):721-31.
26. Kumar G, Dash P, Jnaneswar A, Suresan V, Jha K, Ghosal S. Impact of internet addiction during COVID-19 on anxiety and sleep quality among college students of Bhubaneswar city. J Educ Health Promot. 2022;11:156.
27. Ismail N, Tajjudin AI, Jaafar H, Nik Jaafar NR, Baharudin A, Ibrahim N. The relationship between internet addiction, internet gaming and anxiety among medical students in a Malaysian Public University during COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18 (22): 11870.
28. Simegn W, Dagnew B, Yeshaw Y, Yitayih S, Woldegerima B, Dagne H. Depression, anxiety, stress and their associated factors among Ethiopian University students during an early stage of COVID-19 pandemic: An online-based cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2021;16(5):e0251670.
29. Guo K, Zhang X, Bai S, Minhat HS, Nazan A, Feng J, et al. Assessing social support impact on depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate students in Shaanxi province during the COVID-19 pandemic of China. PLoS One. 2021;16(7):e0253891.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 14 - 19, 27.11.2023

Özlem Menevşe Merve Nur Kırçova Zeynep Şenyiğit Ezgi Türkben Derya Kara Fatma Akmeşe Melike Şeyda Fidancı Büşra Kepenek Varol

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon bölümünde öğrenim gören üniversite öğrencilerinde COVID-19 salgını sırasında fiziksel aktivite, internet bağımlılığı, depresyon, anksiyete ve stres arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktı.
Yöntem: Araştırmaya 80 öğrenci dahil edildi. Bu çalışmada fiziksel aktivite düzeyini değerlendirmek için Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi’nin kısa formu kullanıldı. Öğrencilerin internet bağımlılığı 12 maddelik Young İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi - Kısa Formu kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Öğrencilerin ruh sağlığı (depresyon, kaygı ve stres) Depresyon Kaygı Stres Ölçeği (DASS-21) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Tüm veriler çevrimiçi anket sistemi aracılığıyla toplandı.
Sonuçlar: Öğrencilerin %55’inin fiziksel aktivite düzeyi düşüktü. İnternet kullanımı % 44 normal, % 20 problemli, % 16 patolojik bulundu. Öğrenciler mental sağlık açısından incelendiğinde yüzde 40'ının depresyon, yüzde 28'inin kaygı ve yüzde 54'ünün stres durumunun normal olduğu görüldü. İnternet bağımlılığı ile depresyon arasında düşük pozitif korelasyon (r= 0,276; p= 0,013), internet bağımlılığı ile DASS-21 toplam puanı arasında ise düşük pozitif korelasyon (r= 0,233; p= 0,037) vardı.
Tartışma: Bu çalışmada internet bağımlılığı ile depresyon arasında ilişki elde edilirken diğer parametreler arasında ilişki bulunamadı. Bugün düşünüldüğünde internet bağımlılığı gelecekte özellikle tecrit ve bölgesel karantina uygulamalarında ciddi bir sorun olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, fiziksel aktivite, internet bağımlılığı, depresyon, anksiyete

Kaynakça

1. World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-51. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10, accessed September 18, 2021.
2. Romano CM, Chebabo A, Levi JE. Past, present, and future of COVID-19: a review. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2020;53(9):e10475.
3. Toprak Celenay S, Karaaslan Y, Mete O, Ozer Kaya D. Coronaphobia, musculoskeletal pain, and sleep quality in stay-at home and continued-working persons during the 3-month Covid-19 pandemic lockdown in Turkey. Chronobiol Int. 2020;37(12):1778-85.
4. Bielec G, Omelan A. Physical activity behaviors and physical work capacity in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(2):891.
5. Luo Q, Zhang P, Liu Y, Ma X, Jennings G. Intervention of physical activity for university students with anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control period: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(22): 15338.
6. Rodriguez-Larrad A, Manas A, Labayen I, Gonzalez-Gross M, Espin A, Aznar S, et al. Impact of COVID-19 confinement on physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Spanish university students: Role of gender. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2): 369.
7. Taeymans J, Luijckx E, Rogan S, Haas K, Baur H. Physical activity, nutritional habits, and sleeping behavior in students and employees of a Swiss University during the COVID-19 lockdown period: Questionnaire survey study. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2021;7(4):e26330.
8. Tahir MJ, Malik NI, Ullah I, Khan HR, Perveen S, Ramalho R, et al. Internet addiction and sleep quality among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2021;16(11):e0259594.
9. Gavurova B, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M, Mudarri T. Internet addiction in socio-demographic, academic, and psychological profile of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Front Public Health. 2022;10:944085.
10. Li YY, Sun Y, Meng SQ, Bao YP, Cheng JL, Chang XW, et al. Internet addiction increases in the general population during COVID-19: Evidence from China. Am J Addict. 2021;30(4):389-97.
11. Deb N, Roy P. Internet addiction, depression, anxiety and stress among first year medical students after COVID-19 lockdown: A cross sectional study in West Bengal, India. J Family Med Prim Care. 2022;11(10):6402-6.
12. Wang Y, Li Y. Physical activity and mental health in sports university students during the COVID-19 school confinement in Shanghai. Front Public Health. 2022;10:977072.
13. Woodruff SJ, Coyne P, St-Pierre E. Stress, physical activity, and screen-related sedentary behaviour within the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic. Appl Psychol Health Well Being. 2021;13(2):454-68.
14. Deng J, Zhou F, Hou W, Silver Z, Wong CY, Chang O, et al. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and sleep disturbance in higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2021;301:113863.
15. Chang JJ, Ji Y, Li YH, Pan HF, Su PY. Prevalence of anxiety symptom and depressive symptom among college students during COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2021;292:242-54.
16. Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381-95.
17. Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Bosnak-Guclu M, Karabulut E, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Percept Mot Skills. 2010;111(1):278-84.
18. Pawlikowski M, Altstötter-Gleich C, Brand M. Validation and psychometric properties of a short version of Young’s Internet Addiction Test. Computers in Human Behavior. 2013;29(3):1212-23.
19. Cakar S, Eren G. Internet addiction in constipated adolescents. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023;34(3):287-92.
20. Kutlu M, Savci M, Demir Y, Aysan F. Turkish adaptation of Young's Internet Addiction Test-Short Form: a reliability and validity study on university students and adolescents. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry. 2016;17(1): 69-76.
21. Henry JD, Crawford JR. The short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21): construct validity and normative data in a large non-clinical sample. Br J Clin Psychol. 2005;44(Pt 2):227-39.
22. Yılmaz Ö, Boz H, Arslan A. The validity and reliability of depression stress and anxiety scale (DASS-21) Turkish short form. J Financ Econom Soc Stud. 2017;2(2):78-91.
23. Akın A, İskender M. Internet addiction and depression, anxiety and stress. Int J Educ Sci. 2011;3(1):138-48.
24. Algina J, Olejnik S. Sample size tables for correlation analysis with applications in partial correlation and multiple regression analysis. Multivariate Behav Res. 2003;38(3):309-23.
25. Olfert MD, Wattick RA, Saurborn EG, Hagedorn RL. Impact of COVID-19 on college student diet quality and physical activity. Nutr Health. 2022;28(4):721-31.
26. Kumar G, Dash P, Jnaneswar A, Suresan V, Jha K, Ghosal S. Impact of internet addiction during COVID-19 on anxiety and sleep quality among college students of Bhubaneswar city. J Educ Health Promot. 2022;11:156.
27. Ismail N, Tajjudin AI, Jaafar H, Nik Jaafar NR, Baharudin A, Ibrahim N. The relationship between internet addiction, internet gaming and anxiety among medical students in a Malaysian Public University during COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18 (22): 11870.
28. Simegn W, Dagnew B, Yeshaw Y, Yitayih S, Woldegerima B, Dagne H. Depression, anxiety, stress and their associated factors among Ethiopian University students during an early stage of COVID-19 pandemic: An online-based cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2021;16(5):e0251670.
29. Guo K, Zhang X, Bai S, Minhat HS, Nazan A, Feng J, et al. Assessing social support impact on depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate students in Shaanxi province during the COVID-19 pandemic of China. PLoS One. 2021;16(7):e0253891.

Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Fizyoterapi
Bölüm	Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar	Özlem Menevşe Merve Nur Kırçova Bu kişi benim Zeynep Şenyiğit Bu kişi benim Ezgi Türkben Bu kişi benim Derya Kara Bu kişi benim Fatma Akmeşe Bu kişi benim Melike Şeyda Fidancı Bu kişi benim Büşra Kepenek Varol 0000-0001-5488-5316
Yayımlanma Tarihi	27 Kasım 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi	16 Ekim 2023
Kabul Tarihi	2 Kasım 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver	Menevşe Ö, Kırçova MN, Şenyiğit Z, Türkben E, Kara D, Akmeşe F, Fidancı MŞ, Kepenek Varol B. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, INTERNET ADDICTION, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. HUFTR. 2023;1(1):14-9.

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