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Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10, 74 - 89, 24.04.2020

Ayşegül Özcan Kamuran Özdil Gülhan Küçük Öztürk

Öz

This is a predictive study with a descriptive method and a relational screening model and it was aimed to examine some psychological variables that predict internet addiction. The sample was formed by using the proportional cluster sampling based on stratum weight of the schools. The study was conducted with a total of 521 students. Introductory Information Form, Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R) and Internet Addiction Scale were used. It was found that Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of SCL-90-R scale was 0.97 and Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of the addiction scale was 0.92. The data were assessed by using number, percentage, chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, Man Whitney U, spearman’s correlation and regression analysis. Ethics committee approval and verbal consent were obtained. The average score of the students' general psychological symptom index (GSI) was found to be 1.96 ± 0.63 and 5.3% of the students were addicted to internet. There are statistically significant differences between students' both internet addiction scale scores and Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R) scores and some variables (gender, smoking). It was determined that there was a difference between internet use durations and internet addiction levels and a significant and positive interaction between psychological symptoms and internet addiction. This study shows that the most important predictor of addiction is psychoticism from psychological symptoms. These results are considered to be likely helpful for clinicians and researchers in stages of determining, preventing and treating risk groups.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Student Psychological Variables Internet Addiction

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, K.J. (2000). Internet Use Among College Students: An Exploratory Study. J Am Coll Health 50, 6-21.
  • Balcı, Ş., Gülnar, B. (2009). Üniversite Öğrencileri Arasında İnternet Bağımlılığı Ve İnternet Bağımlılarının Profili. Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Akademik Dergisi 6, 5-22.
  • Bayraktar, F. (2001). İnternet Kullanımının Ergen Gelişimindeki Rolü. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İzmir: EÜ. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.Bernardi, S., Pallanti, S. (2009). Internet addiction: a descriptive clinical study focusing on comorbidities and dissociative symptoms. Compr Psychiatry 50, 510–516.
  • Bozkurt, H., Şahin, S., Zoroğlu, S. (2016). İnternet Bağımlılığı: Güncel Bir Gözden Geçirme. Journal Of Contemporary Medicine, 6(2), 1-13.Cao, F., Su, L. (2007). Internet Addiction Among Chinese Adolescents: Prevalence And Psychological Features. Child Care Health Development 33, 275-81.
  • Caplan, S.E. (2002). Problematic Internet Use And Psychosocial Well-Being: Development Of A Theory-Based Cognitive–Behavioral Measurement Instrument. Computers In Human Behavior 18, 553-575.
  • Chan, P.A., Rabinowitz, T. (2006). A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Video Games And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms In Adolescents. Ann Gen Psychiatry 5, 16.
  • Çalışkan, Z.I., Caner, N., Evgin, D., Kaplan, B. (2017). Internet Using Status And Perceived Stress Level Of University Students. Journal Of Human Sciences, 14, 2541-2552.
  • Çam, H.H., Nur, N. (2015). Adölesanlarda internet bağımlı prevelansı ile psikopatolojik semptomlar ve obezite arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 14(3), 181-188.
  • Çuhadar, C., Dursun, Ö.Ö. (2010). Bilişim Teknolojileri Öğretmeni Adaylarının Gözüyle Öğretmenlik Mesleği. Eğitim Teknolojileri Araştırmaları Dergisi 1.
  • Dağ, İ. (1991). Belirti Tarama Listesinin Üniversite Öğrencileri İçin Güvenirliği Ve Geçerliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2, 5-12.
  • Dağ, İ. (2000). Belirti Tarama Listesi. Ö. Aydemir Ve E. Köroğlu (Eds.) Psikiyatride Kullanılan Klinik Ölçekler. Ankara Hekimler Birliği 33-40.
  • Derogatis, L.R., Lipman, R.S., Covi L. (1973). SCL-90-R : An Out Patient Psychistric Rating Scale-Preliminary Report. Psychopharm Bullet 9, 13-27.
  • Eijnden, R.J.M., Meerkerk, G. J., Vermulst, A.A., Spijkerman, R., Engels, C.M.E. (2008). Online Communication, Compulsive Internet Use, And Psychosocial Well-Being Among Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study. Developmental Psychology 44, 655-665.
  • Erdoğan, Y. (2008). Exploring The Relationships Among Internet Usage, Internet Attitudes And Loneliness Of Turkish Adolescents. Cyberpsychology: Journal Of Psychosocial Research On Cyberspace 2, 1-8.
  • Esenyel, N.M. (2017). İktisat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi. Ekonometri Ve İstatistik Sayı 26, 30-52.
  • Farahani, M., Alavi, S.S., Bafghi, M.M., Alamuti, S.E., Taghavi, Z., Mohammadi, M. (2018). Psychological Factors Including Demographic Features, Mental Illnesses, and Personality Disorders as Predictors in Internet Addiction Disorder. Iranian journal of psychiatry, 13(2),
  • Griffiths, MD. (1996). Internet addiction: An issue for clinical psychology? Clinical Psychology Forum, 97;32-36.
  • Griffiths, M.D. (2000). Internet Addiction: Time To Be Taken Seriously? Addiction Research 8, 413-418.
  • Grusser, S.M., Thalemann, R., Albrecht, U., Thalemann, C.N. (2005). Excessive Computer Usage In Adolescents. Results of A Psychometric Evaluation. Wien Klin Wochenschr 117, 188–195.
  • Ha, J.H., Yoo, H.J., Cho, I.H., Chin, B., Shin, D., Kim J.H. (2006). Psychiatric comorbidity assessed in Korean children and adolescents who screen positive for Internet addiction. J Clin Psychiatry, 67, 821-826.
  • Hawi, N.S. (2012). Internet Addiction Among Adolescents in Lebanon. Computers in Human Behavior. 28, 1044–1053.
  • Internet World Stats, (2017). http://www.internetworldstats.com/top20.htm a
  • Internet World Stats, (2017). http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm b
  • Jang, K.S., Hwang, S.Y., Choi, J.Y. (2008). Internet Addiction and Psychiatric Symptoms Among Korean Adolescents. Journal of School Health, 78, 165-171.
  • Kaltiala-Heino, R., Lintonen, T., Rimpela, A. (2004). Internet addiction? Potentially problematic use of the internet in a population of 12-18 year-old adolescents Addiction Research & Theory, 12, 89-96.
  • Karasar, N. (1998). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Khang, H., Kim, J.K., Kim, Y. (2013). Self-traits and motivations as antecedents of digital media flow and addiction: The Internet, mobile phones, and video games. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 6. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.05.027
  • Kim, K., Ryu, E., Chon, M.Y. (2006). Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: a questionnaire survey Int J Nurs Stud, 43, 185-192.
  • Kumar, A. (2017). International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Int J Community Med Public Health. 4, 2525-2530 Kuss, D.J., Griffiths, M.D., Binder, J.F. (2013). Internet addiction in students: Prevalence and risk factors. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 959–966.
  • Naffise, M., Mohammad, A., Ahmad, P.B., Omid, R, Ayatollahi, A, Reza, B., Arab Fatemeh, B. (2013). The Prevalence of Internet Addiction Among the Students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry. 14, 109-116.
  • Niemz, K., Griffiths, M., Banyard, P. (2005). Prevalence of pathological internet use among university students and correlations with self-esteem, the general health questionnaire (GHQ), and disinhibition, Cyberpsychology and Behavior. 8, 562–570.
  • Öner, N. (1997). Ruhsal belirti tarama listesi (SCL-90), Türkiye’de Kullanılan Psikolojik Testler, 3. baskı, İstanbul. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Matbaası, 461-464.
  • Özdemir, S.M., Usta, E. (2007). İlköğretim Sınıf Öğretmenliği Öğrencilerinin İnternet Kullanım Amaçlarının İncelenmesine İlişkin Bir Araştırma. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11, 91-110.
  • Park, S.K., Kim, J.Y., Cho, C.B. (2008). Prevalence of Internet addiction and correlations with family factors among South Korean adolescents. Adolescence, 43, 895-909.
  • Pawlak, C. (2002). Correlates of Internet use and addiction in adolescents. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities & Social Sciences, 63, 1727.
  • Rju, E.J., Choi, KS., Seo, JS., Nam, BW. (2004). The relationships of Internet addiction, depression, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi, 34, 10-102.
  • Sanders, C.E., Field, T.M., Diego, M., Kaplan, M. (2000). The relationship of Internet use to depression and social isolation among adolescents. Adolescence, 35, 237-241.
  • Shapira, N., Goldsmith, T., Keck, JP. (2000). Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. J Affect Disord, 57, 267-72.
  • Sharma, M.K., Palanichamy, T.S. (2018). Psychosocial interventions for technological addictions. Indian journal of psychiatry, 60(Suppl 4).
  • Shepherd, R.M. R.J. (2005). EdelmannReasons for internet use and social anxiety. Pers Individ Dif, 39, 949-958.
  • Subrahmanyan, K., Lin, G. (2007). Adolescents on the net: Internet use and well-being. Adolescence, 42; 659-77.
  • Şaşmaz, T., Öner, S., Kurt, A.Ö., Yapıcı, G., Yazıcı, A.E., Buğdaycı, R., Şiş, M. (2013). Prevalence and risk factors of Internet addiction in high school students. The European Journal of Public Health, 24(1), 15-20.
  • Tekeli, H. (1994). Bilgi Çağı. İstanbul: Simavi Yayınları.
  • Thatcher, A., Goolam, S. (2005). Defining the South African Internet "Addict": Prevalence and Biographical Profiling of Problematic Internet Users in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology. 35, 766-792.
  • TÜİK (2016). Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması, http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=21779
  • Upadhyay, P., Jain, R., Tripathi, V.N. (2017). A study on the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with psychopathology in Indian adolescents. Indian Journal of Neurosciences, 3(2), 56-60.
  • Vural, B.Z., Bat, M. (2010). Yeni Bir İletişim Ortamı Olarak Sosyal Medya: Ege Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi’ne Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Journal of Yasar University. 20, 3348-3382.
  • Yalçın, N. (2006). İnterneti Doğru Kullanıyor muyuz? İnternet Bağımlısı mıyız? Çocuklarımız ve Gençlerimiz Risk Altında mı? Erişim Tarihi: 02.03.2015. http://ab.org.tr/ab06/bildiri/113.doc
  • Yen, J.Y., Ko, C.H., Yen, C.F., Wu, H.Y., Yang, M.J. (2007). The Comorbid Psychiatric Symptoms of Internet Addiction: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Depression, Social Phobia, and Hostility. Journal of Adolescent Health. 41, 93-98.
  • Young, K.S. (1996). Internet Addiction: The Emergence of a New Clinical Disorder. Paper Presented at the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Psycho-logical Association, Toronto. Cyberpsychol Chang, G. (2004). CyberPsychology Behavior. 3, 237-244.

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10, 74 - 89, 24.04.2020

Ayşegül Özcan Kamuran Özdil Gülhan Küçük Öztürk

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Anderson, K.J. (2000). Internet Use Among College Students: An Exploratory Study. J Am Coll Health 50, 6-21.
  • Balcı, Ş., Gülnar, B. (2009). Üniversite Öğrencileri Arasında İnternet Bağımlılığı Ve İnternet Bağımlılarının Profili. Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Akademik Dergisi 6, 5-22.
  • Bayraktar, F. (2001). İnternet Kullanımının Ergen Gelişimindeki Rolü. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İzmir: EÜ. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.Bernardi, S., Pallanti, S. (2009). Internet addiction: a descriptive clinical study focusing on comorbidities and dissociative symptoms. Compr Psychiatry 50, 510–516.
  • Bozkurt, H., Şahin, S., Zoroğlu, S. (2016). İnternet Bağımlılığı: Güncel Bir Gözden Geçirme. Journal Of Contemporary Medicine, 6(2), 1-13.Cao, F., Su, L. (2007). Internet Addiction Among Chinese Adolescents: Prevalence And Psychological Features. Child Care Health Development 33, 275-81.
  • Caplan, S.E. (2002). Problematic Internet Use And Psychosocial Well-Being: Development Of A Theory-Based Cognitive–Behavioral Measurement Instrument. Computers In Human Behavior 18, 553-575.
  • Chan, P.A., Rabinowitz, T. (2006). A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Video Games And Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms In Adolescents. Ann Gen Psychiatry 5, 16.
  • Çalışkan, Z.I., Caner, N., Evgin, D., Kaplan, B. (2017). Internet Using Status And Perceived Stress Level Of University Students. Journal Of Human Sciences, 14, 2541-2552.
  • Çam, H.H., Nur, N. (2015). Adölesanlarda internet bağımlı prevelansı ile psikopatolojik semptomlar ve obezite arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 14(3), 181-188.
  • Çuhadar, C., Dursun, Ö.Ö. (2010). Bilişim Teknolojileri Öğretmeni Adaylarının Gözüyle Öğretmenlik Mesleği. Eğitim Teknolojileri Araştırmaları Dergisi 1.
  • Dağ, İ. (1991). Belirti Tarama Listesinin Üniversite Öğrencileri İçin Güvenirliği Ve Geçerliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi 2, 5-12.
  • Dağ, İ. (2000). Belirti Tarama Listesi. Ö. Aydemir Ve E. Köroğlu (Eds.) Psikiyatride Kullanılan Klinik Ölçekler. Ankara Hekimler Birliği 33-40.
  • Derogatis, L.R., Lipman, R.S., Covi L. (1973). SCL-90-R : An Out Patient Psychistric Rating Scale-Preliminary Report. Psychopharm Bullet 9, 13-27.
  • Eijnden, R.J.M., Meerkerk, G. J., Vermulst, A.A., Spijkerman, R., Engels, C.M.E. (2008). Online Communication, Compulsive Internet Use, And Psychosocial Well-Being Among Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study. Developmental Psychology 44, 655-665.
  • Erdoğan, Y. (2008). Exploring The Relationships Among Internet Usage, Internet Attitudes And Loneliness Of Turkish Adolescents. Cyberpsychology: Journal Of Psychosocial Research On Cyberspace 2, 1-8.
  • Esenyel, N.M. (2017). İktisat Fakültesi Öğrencilerinde İnternet Bağımlılığı Testi. Ekonometri Ve İstatistik Sayı 26, 30-52.
  • Farahani, M., Alavi, S.S., Bafghi, M.M., Alamuti, S.E., Taghavi, Z., Mohammadi, M. (2018). Psychological Factors Including Demographic Features, Mental Illnesses, and Personality Disorders as Predictors in Internet Addiction Disorder. Iranian journal of psychiatry, 13(2),
  • Griffiths, MD. (1996). Internet addiction: An issue for clinical psychology? Clinical Psychology Forum, 97;32-36.
  • Griffiths, M.D. (2000). Internet Addiction: Time To Be Taken Seriously? Addiction Research 8, 413-418.
  • Grusser, S.M., Thalemann, R., Albrecht, U., Thalemann, C.N. (2005). Excessive Computer Usage In Adolescents. Results of A Psychometric Evaluation. Wien Klin Wochenschr 117, 188–195.
  • Ha, J.H., Yoo, H.J., Cho, I.H., Chin, B., Shin, D., Kim J.H. (2006). Psychiatric comorbidity assessed in Korean children and adolescents who screen positive for Internet addiction. J Clin Psychiatry, 67, 821-826.
  • Hawi, N.S. (2012). Internet Addiction Among Adolescents in Lebanon. Computers in Human Behavior. 28, 1044–1053.
  • Internet World Stats, (2017). http://www.internetworldstats.com/top20.htm a
  • Internet World Stats, (2017). http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm b
  • Jang, K.S., Hwang, S.Y., Choi, J.Y. (2008). Internet Addiction and Psychiatric Symptoms Among Korean Adolescents. Journal of School Health, 78, 165-171.
  • Kaltiala-Heino, R., Lintonen, T., Rimpela, A. (2004). Internet addiction? Potentially problematic use of the internet in a population of 12-18 year-old adolescents Addiction Research & Theory, 12, 89-96.
  • Karasar, N. (1998). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel Yayınevi.
  • Khang, H., Kim, J.K., Kim, Y. (2013). Self-traits and motivations as antecedents of digital media flow and addiction: The Internet, mobile phones, and video games. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 6. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.05.027
  • Kim, K., Ryu, E., Chon, M.Y. (2006). Internet addiction in Korean adolescents and its relation to depression and suicidal ideation: a questionnaire survey Int J Nurs Stud, 43, 185-192.
  • Kumar, A. (2017). International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Int J Community Med Public Health. 4, 2525-2530 Kuss, D.J., Griffiths, M.D., Binder, J.F. (2013). Internet addiction in students: Prevalence and risk factors. Computers in Human Behavior, 29, 959–966.
  • Naffise, M., Mohammad, A., Ahmad, P.B., Omid, R, Ayatollahi, A, Reza, B., Arab Fatemeh, B. (2013). The Prevalence of Internet Addiction Among the Students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry. 14, 109-116.
  • Niemz, K., Griffiths, M., Banyard, P. (2005). Prevalence of pathological internet use among university students and correlations with self-esteem, the general health questionnaire (GHQ), and disinhibition, Cyberpsychology and Behavior. 8, 562–570.
  • Öner, N. (1997). Ruhsal belirti tarama listesi (SCL-90), Türkiye’de Kullanılan Psikolojik Testler, 3. baskı, İstanbul. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Matbaası, 461-464.
  • Özdemir, S.M., Usta, E. (2007). İlköğretim Sınıf Öğretmenliği Öğrencilerinin İnternet Kullanım Amaçlarının İncelenmesine İlişkin Bir Araştırma. Türkiye Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 11, 91-110.
  • Park, S.K., Kim, J.Y., Cho, C.B. (2008). Prevalence of Internet addiction and correlations with family factors among South Korean adolescents. Adolescence, 43, 895-909.
  • Pawlak, C. (2002). Correlates of Internet use and addiction in adolescents. Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities & Social Sciences, 63, 1727.
  • Rju, E.J., Choi, KS., Seo, JS., Nam, BW. (2004). The relationships of Internet addiction, depression, and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi, 34, 10-102.
  • Sanders, C.E., Field, T.M., Diego, M., Kaplan, M. (2000). The relationship of Internet use to depression and social isolation among adolescents. Adolescence, 35, 237-241.
  • Shapira, N., Goldsmith, T., Keck, JP. (2000). Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. J Affect Disord, 57, 267-72.
  • Sharma, M.K., Palanichamy, T.S. (2018). Psychosocial interventions for technological addictions. Indian journal of psychiatry, 60(Suppl 4).
  • Shepherd, R.M. R.J. (2005). EdelmannReasons for internet use and social anxiety. Pers Individ Dif, 39, 949-958.
  • Subrahmanyan, K., Lin, G. (2007). Adolescents on the net: Internet use and well-being. Adolescence, 42; 659-77.
  • Şaşmaz, T., Öner, S., Kurt, A.Ö., Yapıcı, G., Yazıcı, A.E., Buğdaycı, R., Şiş, M. (2013). Prevalence and risk factors of Internet addiction in high school students. The European Journal of Public Health, 24(1), 15-20.
  • Tekeli, H. (1994). Bilgi Çağı. İstanbul: Simavi Yayınları.
  • Thatcher, A., Goolam, S. (2005). Defining the South African Internet "Addict": Prevalence and Biographical Profiling of Problematic Internet Users in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology. 35, 766-792.
  • TÜİK (2016). Hanehalkı Bilişim Teknolojileri Kullanım Araştırması, http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=21779
  • Upadhyay, P., Jain, R., Tripathi, V.N. (2017). A study on the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with psychopathology in Indian adolescents. Indian Journal of Neurosciences, 3(2), 56-60.
  • Vural, B.Z., Bat, M. (2010). Yeni Bir İletişim Ortamı Olarak Sosyal Medya: Ege Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi’ne Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Journal of Yasar University. 20, 3348-3382.
  • Yalçın, N. (2006). İnterneti Doğru Kullanıyor muyuz? İnternet Bağımlısı mıyız? Çocuklarımız ve Gençlerimiz Risk Altında mı? Erişim Tarihi: 02.03.2015. http://ab.org.tr/ab06/bildiri/113.doc
  • Yen, J.Y., Ko, C.H., Yen, C.F., Wu, H.Y., Yang, M.J. (2007). The Comorbid Psychiatric Symptoms of Internet Addiction: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Depression, Social Phobia, and Hostility. Journal of Adolescent Health. 41, 93-98.
  • Young, K.S. (1996). Internet Addiction: The Emergence of a New Clinical Disorder. Paper Presented at the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Psycho-logical Association, Toronto. Cyberpsychol Chang, G. (2004). CyberPsychology Behavior. 3, 237-244.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Orginal Research
Yazarlar

Ayşegül Özcan

Kamuran Özdil 0000-0003-0852-7854

Gülhan Küçük Öztürk Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10

Kaynak Göster

APA Özcan, A., Özdil, K., & Küçük Öztürk, G. (2020). Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management, 6(10), 74-89.
AMA Özcan A, Özdil K, Küçük Öztürk G. Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management. Nisan 2020;6(10):74-89.
Chicago Özcan, Ayşegül, Kamuran Özdil, ve Gülhan Küçük Öztürk. “Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia”. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management 6, sy. 10 (Nisan 2020): 74-89.
EndNote Özcan A, Özdil K, Küçük Öztürk G (01 Nisan 2020) Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management 6 10 74–89.
IEEE A. Özcan, K. Özdil, ve G. Küçük Öztürk, “Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia”, Journal of International Health Sciences and Management, c. 6, sy. 10, ss. 74–89, 2020.
ISNAD Özcan, Ayşegül vd. “Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia”. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management 6/10 (Nisan 2020), 74-89.
JAMA Özcan A, Özdil K, Küçük Öztürk G. Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management. 2020;6:74–89.
MLA Özcan, Ayşegül vd. “Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia”. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management, c. 6, sy. 10, 2020, ss. 74-89.
Vancouver Özcan A, Özdil K, Küçük Öztürk G. Examination of Some Psychological Variables That Predict Internet Addiction in University Students: A University in Cappadocia. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management. 2020;6(10):74-89.
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