Determining the Relationship Between Personal Protective Equipment Uses of Medical Healthcare Workers and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Levels in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Öz
Aim: In our study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the use of personal protective equipment by healthcare workers in the COVID-19 epidemic and their depression, anxiety and stress levels.
Material and Methods: 384 healthcare professionals working in a pandemic hospital participated in our descriptive study conducted in May 2020. The data collection tools; A form consisting of descriptive features, personal protective equipment use cases and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used. The forms were delivered to healthcare professionals online and the responses were collected and analyzed in this way.
Results: In our study, the Anxiety and Stress scores of female healthcare workers and the “DASS-21 anxiety score” of single healthcare workers were found to be statistically significantly higher (p=0.008; p=0.001; p=0.019; p<0.05). According to the professions, the scores of the healthcare workers on the DASS-21 scale did not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05). During COVID-19 pandemic, statistically significant differences were found between Depression Anxiety and Stress scores of healthcare workers according to their visor or goggles / protective glasses use(p<0.01; p<0.05; p<0.01). Similarly, the use of disposable gowns / overalls and similar equipment during the epidemic caused a statistically significant difference in “DASS-21 depression and stress scores” in healthcare workers (p=0.002; p<0.01; p=0.029; p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was observed that depression, anxiety and stress conditions of healthcare workersworking intensively during the COVID-19 outbreak were affected. Suitable working environments and necessary protective equipment should be provided for healthcare professionals. With the planning for the development of mental health protection programs, it can be ensured that they overcome the intensive process with the least damage.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, Khan M, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, Iosifidis C, Agha R. (2020). World Health Organization declares global emergency: a review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Int J Surg. 76:71–76. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034
- 2. World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): situation report, 12. World Health Organization.2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330777
- 3. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Haberleri. https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,64383/koronavirus-alacagimiz-tedbirlerden-guclu-degildir.html.11.03.2020 (Erişim tarihi: 03.07.2020)
- 4. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet; 395(10229):1054-62. https:// www.thelancet.com/pb-
- 5. WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard .https://covid19.who.int/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2020)
- 6. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Korona Tablosu.https://COVID19.saglik.gov.tr/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2020) 7. Rothe C, Schunk M, Sothmann P, Bretzel G, Froeschl G, Wallrauch C, et al. Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany. N Engl J Med 2020; 382(10): 970–1
- 8. Kampf G, Todt D, Pfaender S, Steinmann E. Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents. J Hosp Infect 2020; 104(3): 246–51.)
- 9. World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Advice for the Public, (2020) https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public
- 10. Maunder RG, Lancee WJ, Rourke S, Hunter JJ, Goldbloom D, Balderson K.et al. Factors associated with the psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on nurses and other hospital workers in Toronto. Psychosomatic Medicine.2004; 66 (6): 938-42.
- 11. Lovibond SH, Lovibond PF. Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, (2nd ed.). Sydney, Australia: Pychology Foundation of Australia,1995.
- 12. Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 1995;33, 335-343.
- 13. Saricam H. The psychometric properties of Turkish version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. Journal of Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research, 2018,7(1), 19-30.
- 14. Chan AO, Huak CY. Psychological impact of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on health care workers in a medium size regional general hospital in Singapore. Occup Med (Lond),2004,54:190-6. [PMID: 15133143])
- 15. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al.Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. IJERPH. 2020.17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
- 16. Li Z, Ge J, Yang M, Feng J, Qiao M, Jiang R, et al. Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control.Brain Behav Immun. 2020.doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.007
- 17. Goulia P, Mantas C, Dimitroula D, Mantis D, Hyphantis T. General hospital staff worries, perceived sufficiency of information and associated psychological distress during the A/H1N1 influenza pandemic. BMC infectious diseases,2010; 10, 322.
- 18. Zhang C, Yang L, Liu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak. Frontiers in psychiatry.2020;11,306. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00306
- 19. Clegg A. Occupational stress in nursing: a review of the literatüre. Journal of Nursing Management 2001;9, 101-106.
- 20. Leung G.M. The impact of community psychological responses on outbreak control for severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. J. Epidemiol. Community Health. 2003;57:857–863. doi: 10.1136/jech.57.11.857.
COVID-19 Salgınında Sağlık Çalışanlarının Kişisel Koruyucu Ekipman Kullanımları ile Depresyon, Anksiyete, Stres Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi
Öz
Amaç: Çalışmamızda COVID-19 salgınında sağlık çalışanlarının kişisel koruyucu ekipman
kullanımları ile depresyon, anksiyete, stres düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mayıs 2020’de gerçekleştirilen tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırmamıza bir
pandemi hastanesinde çalışan 384 sağlık çalışanı katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak;
tanımlayıcı özellikler, kişisel koruyucu ekipman kullanım durumları ve Depresyon-Anksiyete-Stres
Ölçeği’nden (DASS-21) oluşan bir form kullanılmıştır. Formlar, sağlık çalışanlarına çevrimiçi
ortamdan ulaştırılmış ve yanıtlar da bu şekilde toplanarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda kadın sağlık çalışanlarının Anksiyete ve Stres puanları ile bekâr
sağlık çalışanlarının “DASS-21 anksiyete puanı” istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek
saptanmıştır (p=0,008; p=0,001; p=0,019; p<0,05). Mesleklere göre ise sağlık çalışanlarının
DASS-21 ölçeğinden aldıkları puanlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir (p>0,05).
COVID-19 salgını boyunca siperlik ya da gözlük/ koruyucu gözlük kullanım durumlarına göre
sağlık çalışanlarının Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
farklılık saptanmıştır (p<0,01; p<0,05; p<0,01). Benzer şekilde salgın boyunca tek kullanımlık
önlük/ tulum ve benzeri ekipmanlarının kullanımının sağlık çalışanlarında “DASS-21 depresyon
ve stres puanları”nda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılığa neden olmuştur (p=0,002; p<0,01;
p=0,029; p<0,05).
Sonuç: COVID-19 salgını boyunca yoğun bir şekilde çalışan sağlık çalışanlarının depresyon,
anksiyete ve stres durumlarının etkilendiği görülmüştür. Sağlık çalışanları için uygun çalışma
ortamları ve gerekli koruyucu ekipmanları sağlanmalıdır. Ruh sağlıklarını koruma programlarının
geliştirilmesine yönelik planlamalar ile yoğun süreci en az hasarla atlatmaları sağlanabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
COVID-19 Depresyon-Anksiyete ve Stres ölçeği Sağlık Çalışanları Kişisel koruyucu ekipman
Kaynakça
- 1. Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, Khan M, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, Iosifidis C, Agha R. (2020). World Health Organization declares global emergency: a review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Int J Surg. 76:71–76. doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034
- 2. World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): situation report, 12. World Health Organization.2020. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330777
- 3. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Haberleri. https://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR,64383/koronavirus-alacagimiz-tedbirlerden-guclu-degildir.html.11.03.2020 (Erişim tarihi: 03.07.2020)
- 4. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet; 395(10229):1054-62. https:// www.thelancet.com/pb-
- 5. WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard .https://covid19.who.int/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2020)
- 6. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Korona Tablosu.https://COVID19.saglik.gov.tr/ (Erişim tarihi: 01.08.2020) 7. Rothe C, Schunk M, Sothmann P, Bretzel G, Froeschl G, Wallrauch C, et al. Transmission of 2019-nCoV Infection from an Asymptomatic Contact in Germany. N Engl J Med 2020; 382(10): 970–1
- 8. Kampf G, Todt D, Pfaender S, Steinmann E. Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents. J Hosp Infect 2020; 104(3): 246–51.)
- 9. World Health Organization, Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Advice for the Public, (2020) https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public
- 10. Maunder RG, Lancee WJ, Rourke S, Hunter JJ, Goldbloom D, Balderson K.et al. Factors associated with the psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on nurses and other hospital workers in Toronto. Psychosomatic Medicine.2004; 66 (6): 938-42.
- 11. Lovibond SH, Lovibond PF. Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, (2nd ed.). Sydney, Australia: Pychology Foundation of Australia,1995.
- 12. Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 1995;33, 335-343.
- 13. Saricam H. The psychometric properties of Turkish version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. Journal of Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy and Research, 2018,7(1), 19-30.
- 14. Chan AO, Huak CY. Psychological impact of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on health care workers in a medium size regional general hospital in Singapore. Occup Med (Lond),2004,54:190-6. [PMID: 15133143])
- 15. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al.Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. IJERPH. 2020.17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
- 16. Li Z, Ge J, Yang M, Feng J, Qiao M, Jiang R, et al. Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control.Brain Behav Immun. 2020.doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.03.007
- 17. Goulia P, Mantas C, Dimitroula D, Mantis D, Hyphantis T. General hospital staff worries, perceived sufficiency of information and associated psychological distress during the A/H1N1 influenza pandemic. BMC infectious diseases,2010; 10, 322.
- 18. Zhang C, Yang L, Liu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, et al. Survey of Insomnia and Related Social Psychological Factors Among Medical Staff Involved in the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease Outbreak. Frontiers in psychiatry.2020;11,306. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00306
- 19. Clegg A. Occupational stress in nursing: a review of the literatüre. Journal of Nursing Management 2001;9, 101-106.
- 20. Leung G.M. The impact of community psychological responses on outbreak control for severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. J. Epidemiol. Community Health. 2003;57:857–863. doi: 10.1136/jech.57.11.857.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2020 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 14 Ağustos 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2 |
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