Il-6 Levels in Induced Sputum and Serum in Acute Attack and Stable Period of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Makbule Özlem Akbay; Feza Ugurman

Araştırma Makalesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 150 - 156, 15.09.2021

Makbule Özlem Akbay Feza Ugurman

Öz

Destekleyen Kurum

yoktur

Proje Numarası

yoktur

Kaynakça

1. Vogelmeier C, Hederer B, Glaab T, et al: Tiotropiumversussalmeterolfortheprevention of exacerbations of COPD. N Engl JMed 364: 1093-1103, 2011.
2. Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B, et al: Salmeteroland fluticasonepropionateandsurvival in chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. N Engl J Med 356: 775-789, 2007.
3. Struik FM, Duiverman ML, Bladder G andWijkstra PJ: Effects of non-invasivepositivepressureventilation (NIPPV) in stablechronicobstructivepulmonarydisease (COPD). RespirMed COPDupdate 4: 94-100, 2008.
4. O’Donnell R, Breen D, Wilson S, Djukanovic R. Inflammatorycells in theairways in COPD. Thorax.2006;61(5):448–54. https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2004.024463 PMID: 16648353; PubMed CentralPMCID: PMC2111192.
5. Barnes PJ. Inflammatorymechanisms in patientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. J AllergyClinImmunol. 2016; 138(1):16–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.011 PMID: 27373322.
6. Eagan TM, Ueland T, Wagner PD, Hardie JA, Mollnes TE, Damas JK, et al. Systemicinflammatorymarkers in COPD: resultsfromtheBergen COPD CohortStudy. EurRespir J. 2010; 35(3):540–8.https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00088209 PMID: 19643942.
7. Agusti AG, Noguera A, Sauleda J, Sala E, Pons J, Busquets X. Systemiceffects of chronicobstructive pulmonarydisease. EurRespir J. 2003; 21(2):347–60. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00405703 PMID: 12608452. 8. Caramori G, Ruggeri P, DiStefano A, Mumby S, Girbino G, Adcock IM, et al. Autoimmunityand COPD: ClinicalImplications. Chest. 2018; 153(6):1424–31 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2017.10.033 PMID: 29126842.
9. Anthonisen NR, Manfreda J, Warren CPW, Hersfield ES, Harding GKM, Nelson NA. Antibiotictherapy in exacerbation of chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. AnnInternMed 1987; 106: 196-204.
10. Seemungal TAR, Donaldson GC, Paul EA, et al. Effect of exacerbation on quality of patientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. Am J RespirCritCareMed 1998; 157:1418-1422.
11. Bhowmik A, Seemungal TAR, Sapsford RJ, Wedzicha JA. Relation of sputuminflammatorymarkerstosymptomsandlungfunctionchanges in COPD exacerbations. Thorax 2000;55:114-120.
12. Spanevello A, Confalonleri M, Sulotto F, et al. İnducedsputumcellularityreferencevalues anddistribution in normal volunteers. Am J RespirCareMed 2000;162 :1172-1174.
13. Nijtsen MWN, de Groot ER, et al. Serum levels of IL-6 andacutephaseresponses. Lancet 1987; 2: 921.
14. Kishimato T, Hirano T. Molecularregulation of B lymphocyteresponse. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1988; 6: 485.
15. Hirano T, Kishimato T. Interleukin-6. In: editedbyAsherson GL, Zembala M. Human Monocytes. AcademicPress, New York.1989; 100-118.
16. Frederick E, Hargreave MD. İnducedsputumandresponsetoglucocorticoids. J AllergyClinİmmunol 1998;102:S102-S105.
17. Bhowmik A, Seemungal TAR, Sapsford RJ, Wedzicha JA. Relation of sputuminflammatorymarkerstosymptomsandlungfunctionchanges in COPD exacerbations. Thorax 2000;55:114-120.
18. D’ Ippolito R, Foresi A, Chetta A, et al. Inducedsputum in patientswithnewlydiagnosedsarcoidosis; Comprasionwithbronchialwashand BAL. Chest 1999; 115:1611-1615.
19. Wilson NM, Bridge P, Spanevello A, Silverman M. Inducedsputum in children; feasibility, repeatibilityandrelation of findingstoasthmaseverity. Thorax 2000; 55:768-774
20. M. Tsoumakidou, N. Tzanakis, N.M. Siafakas .Inducedsputum in the investigation of airwayinflammation of COPD. RespiratoryMedicine (2003) 97, 863–871.
21.Pizzichini E, Efthimiadis A, EvansS,et al. Indices of airwayinflammation in inducedsputum : reproducibility andvalidty of cellandfluidphasemeasurements. Am J RespirCritCareMed 1996;154:308-317.
22. Peleman RA, Rytila PH, Kips JC. Thecellularcomposition of inducedsputum in chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. EurRespir J 1999;13:839-843.
23. Aoran S, Angel JB, Lunau M. Granulocyteinflammatorymarkersandairwayinfectionduringacuteexacerbation of COPD. Am J RespirCritCareMed 2001; 163: 349-355.
24. Wang S, Xu F, Chen Y. Detectionandsignificance of IL-6,IL-8, TNF-α in sputafrompatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. ZhonghuaJie, He He Hu XiZaZhi 2000;23:465-467.
25. Wedzicha JA, Seemungal TAR, MacCallum PK, et al. Acuteexacerbations of chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease are acompaniedbyelevations of plasmafibrinogenand serum IL-6 levels. ThrombHaemost 2000; 84:210-215.
26. David MG Halpin, MarcDecramer,BartolomeCelli,Steven Kesten, DachengLiu, Donald P Tashkin. Exacerbationfrequencyandcourse of COPD. International Journal of COPD 2012:7 653–661

Il-6 Levels in Induced Sputum and Serum in Acute Attack and Stable Period of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 150 - 156, 15.09.2021

Makbule Özlem Akbay Feza Ugurman

Öz

Introduction: COPD is a disease characterized by chronic inflammation in the airways and increased systemic inflammation. Interleukin-6 is a major immune and inflammatory mediator.
Objective: To examine the level of IL-6, an inflammatory mediator, in induced sputum and serum of patients with COPD in the acute attack and stable period.
Materials and Methods: Thirty consecutive patients diagnosed with COPD were included in the study. In the attack and stable period, IL-6 levels were studied in the induced sputum and blood taken simultaneously. Twenty-one patients who did not have any pathological findings in terms of chest diseases were selected as the control group. ELISA kit (Bender MedSystems, Vienna, Austria) was used for IL-6 measurements and values were measured as pg/ml. Mann-Whitney U test was used for intergroup comparisons and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was used for intragroup comparisons.
Results: The serum IL-6 level in the patient group was 6.66±7.49 pg/ml in the acute attack, while it was 3.08±4.07 pg/ml in the stable period. This decrease was found to be statistically significant (p<0.005). Sputum IL-6 level did not show a statistically significant change in acute attack (3.54±2.75 pg/ml) and stable period (3.44±6.03 pg/ml). In our study, there was a negative correlation between sputum IL-6 level in acute attack and COPD year (p: 0.02, r: -0.42). A positive correlation was found between acute attack serum IL-6 level ( p:0.007,r:0.479) and stable period sputum IL-6 levels (p:0.017, r:0.429) and the number of acute attacks.
Conclusion: The high serum IL-6 level in COPD attack shows that the immune response is not only in the respiratory system, but also systemically, and supports that COPD is a systemic inflammatory disease. In our study, we could not detect any contribution of IL-6 level in induced sputum. Studies involving larger numbers of cases and evaluating multiple markers are needed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

chronic obsturictive pulmonary disease, ınduced, sputum, Il-6

Proje Numarası

yoktur

Kaynakça

1. Vogelmeier C, Hederer B, Glaab T, et al: Tiotropiumversussalmeterolfortheprevention of exacerbations of COPD. N Engl JMed 364: 1093-1103, 2011.
2. Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B, et al: Salmeteroland fluticasonepropionateandsurvival in chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. N Engl J Med 356: 775-789, 2007.
3. Struik FM, Duiverman ML, Bladder G andWijkstra PJ: Effects of non-invasivepositivepressureventilation (NIPPV) in stablechronicobstructivepulmonarydisease (COPD). RespirMed COPDupdate 4: 94-100, 2008.
4. O’Donnell R, Breen D, Wilson S, Djukanovic R. Inflammatorycells in theairways in COPD. Thorax.2006;61(5):448–54. https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2004.024463 PMID: 16648353; PubMed CentralPMCID: PMC2111192.
5. Barnes PJ. Inflammatorymechanisms in patientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. J AllergyClinImmunol. 2016; 138(1):16–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.011 PMID: 27373322.
6. Eagan TM, Ueland T, Wagner PD, Hardie JA, Mollnes TE, Damas JK, et al. Systemicinflammatorymarkers in COPD: resultsfromtheBergen COPD CohortStudy. EurRespir J. 2010; 35(3):540–8.https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00088209 PMID: 19643942.
7. Agusti AG, Noguera A, Sauleda J, Sala E, Pons J, Busquets X. Systemiceffects of chronicobstructive pulmonarydisease. EurRespir J. 2003; 21(2):347–60. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00405703 PMID: 12608452. 8. Caramori G, Ruggeri P, DiStefano A, Mumby S, Girbino G, Adcock IM, et al. Autoimmunityand COPD: ClinicalImplications. Chest. 2018; 153(6):1424–31 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2017.10.033 PMID: 29126842.
9. Anthonisen NR, Manfreda J, Warren CPW, Hersfield ES, Harding GKM, Nelson NA. Antibiotictherapy in exacerbation of chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. AnnInternMed 1987; 106: 196-204.
10. Seemungal TAR, Donaldson GC, Paul EA, et al. Effect of exacerbation on quality of patientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. Am J RespirCritCareMed 1998; 157:1418-1422.
11. Bhowmik A, Seemungal TAR, Sapsford RJ, Wedzicha JA. Relation of sputuminflammatorymarkerstosymptomsandlungfunctionchanges in COPD exacerbations. Thorax 2000;55:114-120.
12. Spanevello A, Confalonleri M, Sulotto F, et al. İnducedsputumcellularityreferencevalues anddistribution in normal volunteers. Am J RespirCareMed 2000;162 :1172-1174.
13. Nijtsen MWN, de Groot ER, et al. Serum levels of IL-6 andacutephaseresponses. Lancet 1987; 2: 921.
14. Kishimato T, Hirano T. Molecularregulation of B lymphocyteresponse. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 1988; 6: 485.
15. Hirano T, Kishimato T. Interleukin-6. In: editedbyAsherson GL, Zembala M. Human Monocytes. AcademicPress, New York.1989; 100-118.
16. Frederick E, Hargreave MD. İnducedsputumandresponsetoglucocorticoids. J AllergyClinİmmunol 1998;102:S102-S105.
17. Bhowmik A, Seemungal TAR, Sapsford RJ, Wedzicha JA. Relation of sputuminflammatorymarkerstosymptomsandlungfunctionchanges in COPD exacerbations. Thorax 2000;55:114-120.
18. D’ Ippolito R, Foresi A, Chetta A, et al. Inducedsputum in patientswithnewlydiagnosedsarcoidosis; Comprasionwithbronchialwashand BAL. Chest 1999; 115:1611-1615.
19. Wilson NM, Bridge P, Spanevello A, Silverman M. Inducedsputum in children; feasibility, repeatibilityandrelation of findingstoasthmaseverity. Thorax 2000; 55:768-774
20. M. Tsoumakidou, N. Tzanakis, N.M. Siafakas .Inducedsputum in the investigation of airwayinflammation of COPD. RespiratoryMedicine (2003) 97, 863–871.
21.Pizzichini E, Efthimiadis A, EvansS,et al. Indices of airwayinflammation in inducedsputum : reproducibility andvalidty of cellandfluidphasemeasurements. Am J RespirCritCareMed 1996;154:308-317.
22. Peleman RA, Rytila PH, Kips JC. Thecellularcomposition of inducedsputum in chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. EurRespir J 1999;13:839-843.
23. Aoran S, Angel JB, Lunau M. Granulocyteinflammatorymarkersandairwayinfectionduringacuteexacerbation of COPD. Am J RespirCritCareMed 2001; 163: 349-355.
24. Wang S, Xu F, Chen Y. Detectionandsignificance of IL-6,IL-8, TNF-α in sputafrompatientswithchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease. ZhonghuaJie, He He Hu XiZaZhi 2000;23:465-467.
25. Wedzicha JA, Seemungal TAR, MacCallum PK, et al. Acuteexacerbations of chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease are acompaniedbyelevations of plasmafibrinogenand serum IL-6 levels. ThrombHaemost 2000; 84:210-215.
26. David MG Halpin, MarcDecramer,BartolomeCelli,Steven Kesten, DachengLiu, Donald P Tashkin. Exacerbationfrequencyandcourse of COPD. International Journal of COPD 2012:7 653–661

Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	İç Hastalıkları
Bölüm	Research Articles
Yazarlar	Makbule Özlem Akbay 0000-0002-2459-8022 Feza Ugurman 0000-0001-9267-8326
Proje Numarası	yoktur
Yayımlanma Tarihi	15 Eylül 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi	7 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2021 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

EndNote	Akbay MÖ, Ugurman F (01 Eylül 2021) Il-6 Levels in Induced Sputum and Serum in Acute Attack and Stable Period of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. New Trends in Medicine Sciences 2 2 150–156.

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