Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Experiences in the Relationship Between Self-Competence and Regret among Adults
Öz
Despite the distress of regret, regret emerges as an important figure in self-regulation and shaping one's future. Although regret has an important role in adults' lives, the literature on how this emotion is affected by self-competence and which mediating variables affect this relationship is limited. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of negative and positive experiences in the relationship between self-competence and regret. The participants consisted of 572 individuals, including 402 females (70.3 %) and 170 males (29.7 %). The age of the participants ranged between 18 and 60 (25.34 ± 6.97). Correlation analyses revealed negatively relationship was determined between self-competence and regret, self-competence and negative experience as well. While positively correlation was found between self-competence and positive experience. The result of the analysis for the study model indicated that there was a mediating role of negative experience in the relationship between self-competence and regret. These results suggest that negative experience may be an underlying mechanism between self-competence and regret, and this experience can be exploited in therapeutic interventions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Self-competence Regret Positive and negative experience Mediating role
Proje Numarası
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Kaynakça
- Aktu Y (2023) The adaptation of the regret elements scale to Turkish culture. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 13:372-387.
- Allaert J, De Raedt R, Sanchez-Lopez A, September H, Vanderhasselt MA (2023) Reduced attention towards accomplishments mediates the effect of self-critical rumination on regret. Cognit Ther Res, 47:399–411.
- Belen H (2021) Self-blame regret, fear of COVID-19 and mental health during post-peak pandemic. Int J Psychol, 8:186–194.
- Boemker J (2019) The impact of general perceived self-efficacy on regret (Masters thesis). Miami, Miami University.
- Bozkurt F (2017) The role of resilience on feelings of guilt and regret, psychological health, and well-being among employed mothers (Masters thesis). İstanbul, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi.
- Breugelmans SM, Zeelenberg M, Gilovich T, Huang WH, Shani Y (2014) Generality and cultural variation in the experience of regret. Emotion, 14:1037–1048.
- Buchanan J, Summerville A, Lehmann J, Reb J (2016) The regret elements scale: Distinguishing the affective and cognitive components of regret. Judgm Decis Mak, 11:275–286.
- Creswell JW (2017) Eğitim Araştırmaları: Nicel ve Nitel Araştırmanın Planlanması, Yürütülmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul, EDAM.
- Cohen J (2016) A power primer. In Methodological Issues and Strategies in Clinical Research, 4th ed. (Ed. E Kazdin): 279-284. Washinton DC, American Psychological Association.
- Diener E, Wirtz D, Tov W, Kim-Prieto C, Choi DW, Oishi S et al. (2010) New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Soc Indic Res, 97:143–156.
- Doğan, T (2011) Two-dimensional self-esteem: Adaptation of the self-liking/selfcompetence scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Education and Science, 36:126–137.
- Doğan T, Totan T, Sapmaz F (2013) The role of self-esteem, psychological well-being, emotional self-efficacy, and affect balance on happiness: A path model. Eur Sci J, 9:31–42.
- El Zein M, Bahrami B (2020) Joining a group diverts regret and responsibility away from the individual. Proc Biol Sci, 287:2192251.
- Fredrickson BL, Mancuso RA, Branigan C, Tugade MM (2000) The undoing effect of positive emotions. Motiv Emot, 24:237–258.
- Goldstein-Greenwood J, Conway P, Summerville A, Johnson BN (2020) (How) do you regret killing one to save five? Affective and cognitive regret differ after utilitarian and deontological decisions. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 46:1303–1317.
- Güller HH (2022) Hadislerde pişmanlık ve tövbe (Master thesis). Adana, Çukurova Üniversitesi.
- Hayes AF (2018) Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach, Methodology in the Social Sciences, 2nd ed. New York, Guilford Press.
- Kraines MA, Krug CP, Wells TT (2017) Decision justification theory in depression: Regret and self-blame. Cognit Ther Res, 41:556–561.
- Koşan Y (2020) Genç yetişkinlik dönemi gelişim ve uyum sorunları. In Yaşam Boyu Gelişim ve Uyum Sorunları: Psikopatolojiyi Anlamak. (Ed İ Seçer): 327-362. İstanbul, Nobel Akademik.
- Lauriola M, Panno A, ve Welle, JA (2019) Regret-based decision-making style acts as a dispositional factor in risky choices. Psychol Rep, 122:1412–1431.
- Lee S, Kim MJ, Kim DY (2023) The effect of Airbnb users’ regret on dissatisfaction and negative behavioral intention. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20:2.
- Mahmoud AB, Hack-Polay D, Fuxman L, Nicoletti M (2021) The Janus-faced effects of COVID-19 perceptions on family healthy eating behavior: Parent’s negative experience as a mediator and gender as a moderator. Scand J Psychol, 62:586–595.
- Matarazzo O, Abbamonte L, Greco C, Pizzini B, Nigro G (2021) Regret and other emotions related to decision-making: Antecedents, appraisals, and phenomenological aspects. Front Psychol, 12:783248.
- Özdemir N, Düzgüner S (2020) The scope of guilty, regret, and sınfulness from psychologıcal perspective and their place among close concepts. Ondokuz Mayıs University Review of the Faculty of Divinity, 49:497–529.
- Peng J, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Gong P, Han B, Sun H et al. (2018) A new look at the impact of maximizing on unhappiness: Two competing mediating effects. Front Psychol, 9:00066.
- Perdomo N (2021) Mortality salience and moral dilemmas: The impact of stress on regret in trolley problem decision-making (Masters thesis). Kansas, Ford Hays State University.
- Pink DH (2022) The Power of Regret: How Looking Backward Moves Us Forward. New York, Penguin Random House.
- Preacher KJ, Hayes AF (2008) Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behav Res Methods, 40:879–891.
- Righetti F, Visserman M (2018) I gave too much: Low self-esteem and the regret of sacrifices. Soc Psychol Personal Sci, 9:453–460.
- Roese NJ, Summerville A (2005) What we regret most and why. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 31:1273–1285.
- Seligman MEP (2002) Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. In Handbook of Positive Psychology. (Eds CR Snyder, SJ Lopez): 3–12. New York, Oxford University Press.
- Senol-Durak E, Durak M (2019) Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the flourishing scale and the scale of positive and negative experience. Ment Health Relig Cult, 22:1021-1032.
- Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS (2019) Using Multivariate Statistics, 5th edition. London, UK, Pearson Education.
- Tafarodi RW, Swann Jr WB (2001) Two-dimensional self-esteem: Theory and measurement. Pers Individ Dif, 31:653–673.
- Telef BB (2015) The positive and negative experience scale adaptation for Turkish university students. Eur Sci J, 11:49–59.
- Veronese G, Pepe A, Sala G, Yamien I, Vigliaroni M (2019) Positive experience, psychological functioning, and hope for the future as factors associated with mental health among young Sub-Saharan internally displaced people (IDP): A quantitative pilot study. Int J Ment Health, 48:165–187.
- Watson D (2002) Positive affectivity: The disposition to experience pleasurable emotional states. In Handbook of Positive Psychology (Eds CR Snyder, SJ Lopez): 106–119. New York, Oxford University Press.
- Zeelenberg M, Pieters R (2007) A theory of regret regulation 1.1. J Consum Psychol, 17:29–35.
- Zeelenberg M, Van Dijk WW, Manstead ASR, Van Der Pligt J (2000) On bad decisions and disconfirmed expectancies: The psychology of regret and disappointment. Cogn Emot, 14:521–541
Öz
Pişmanlığın yarattığı sıkıntıya rağmen, pişmanlık öz-düzenlemede ve kişinin geleceğini şekillendirmesinde önemli bir unsur olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Pişmanlık duygusu yetişkinlerin hayatında önemli bir paya sahip olmasına rağmen, bu duygunun öz-yeterlilik tarafından nasıl etkilendiği ve hangi aracı değişkenlerin bu ilişkiyi etkilediğine dair alanyazın sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma, öz-yeterlilik ve pişmanlık arasındaki ilişkide olumlu ve olumsuz deneyimlerın aracı rolünü araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Katılımcılar 402 kadın (%70,3) ve 170 erkek (%29,7) olmak üzere toplam 572 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların yaşları 18 ile 60 arasında değişmektedir (25,34 ± 6,97). Korelasyon analizleri öz-yeterlilik ile pişmanlık ve öz-yeterlilik ile olumsuz deneyimler arasında negatif bir ilişki gözlenirken, öz-yeterlilik ile olumlu deneyimler arasında ise pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma modeli için yapılan analiz sonucunda olumsuz deneyimlerın öz-yeterlilik ve pişmanlık arasındaki ilişkiye aracılık ettiği belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, olumsuz deneyimlerın öz-yeterlilik ile pişmanlık arasındaki ilişkide altta yatan bir mekanizma olabileceğini ve bu deneyimlerın terapötik görüşmelerde kullanılabileceğini önermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Öz-yeterlilik Pişmanlık Aracılık rolü olumlu ve olumsuz deneyim
Destekleyen Kurum
-
Proje Numarası
-
Teşekkür
-
Kaynakça
- Aktu Y (2023) The adaptation of the regret elements scale to Turkish culture. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal, 13:372-387.
- Allaert J, De Raedt R, Sanchez-Lopez A, September H, Vanderhasselt MA (2023) Reduced attention towards accomplishments mediates the effect of self-critical rumination on regret. Cognit Ther Res, 47:399–411.
- Belen H (2021) Self-blame regret, fear of COVID-19 and mental health during post-peak pandemic. Int J Psychol, 8:186–194.
- Boemker J (2019) The impact of general perceived self-efficacy on regret (Masters thesis). Miami, Miami University.
- Bozkurt F (2017) The role of resilience on feelings of guilt and regret, psychological health, and well-being among employed mothers (Masters thesis). İstanbul, Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi.
- Breugelmans SM, Zeelenberg M, Gilovich T, Huang WH, Shani Y (2014) Generality and cultural variation in the experience of regret. Emotion, 14:1037–1048.
- Buchanan J, Summerville A, Lehmann J, Reb J (2016) The regret elements scale: Distinguishing the affective and cognitive components of regret. Judgm Decis Mak, 11:275–286.
- Creswell JW (2017) Eğitim Araştırmaları: Nicel ve Nitel Araştırmanın Planlanması, Yürütülmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul, EDAM.
- Cohen J (2016) A power primer. In Methodological Issues and Strategies in Clinical Research, 4th ed. (Ed. E Kazdin): 279-284. Washinton DC, American Psychological Association.
- Diener E, Wirtz D, Tov W, Kim-Prieto C, Choi DW, Oishi S et al. (2010) New well-being measures: Short scales to assess flourishing and positive and negative feelings. Soc Indic Res, 97:143–156.
- Doğan, T (2011) Two-dimensional self-esteem: Adaptation of the self-liking/selfcompetence scale into Turkish: A validity and reliability study. Education and Science, 36:126–137.
- Doğan T, Totan T, Sapmaz F (2013) The role of self-esteem, psychological well-being, emotional self-efficacy, and affect balance on happiness: A path model. Eur Sci J, 9:31–42.
- El Zein M, Bahrami B (2020) Joining a group diverts regret and responsibility away from the individual. Proc Biol Sci, 287:2192251.
- Fredrickson BL, Mancuso RA, Branigan C, Tugade MM (2000) The undoing effect of positive emotions. Motiv Emot, 24:237–258.
- Goldstein-Greenwood J, Conway P, Summerville A, Johnson BN (2020) (How) do you regret killing one to save five? Affective and cognitive regret differ after utilitarian and deontological decisions. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 46:1303–1317.
- Güller HH (2022) Hadislerde pişmanlık ve tövbe (Master thesis). Adana, Çukurova Üniversitesi.
- Hayes AF (2018) Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach, Methodology in the Social Sciences, 2nd ed. New York, Guilford Press.
- Kraines MA, Krug CP, Wells TT (2017) Decision justification theory in depression: Regret and self-blame. Cognit Ther Res, 41:556–561.
- Koşan Y (2020) Genç yetişkinlik dönemi gelişim ve uyum sorunları. In Yaşam Boyu Gelişim ve Uyum Sorunları: Psikopatolojiyi Anlamak. (Ed İ Seçer): 327-362. İstanbul, Nobel Akademik.
- Lauriola M, Panno A, ve Welle, JA (2019) Regret-based decision-making style acts as a dispositional factor in risky choices. Psychol Rep, 122:1412–1431.
- Lee S, Kim MJ, Kim DY (2023) The effect of Airbnb users’ regret on dissatisfaction and negative behavioral intention. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 20:2.
- Mahmoud AB, Hack-Polay D, Fuxman L, Nicoletti M (2021) The Janus-faced effects of COVID-19 perceptions on family healthy eating behavior: Parent’s negative experience as a mediator and gender as a moderator. Scand J Psychol, 62:586–595.
- Matarazzo O, Abbamonte L, Greco C, Pizzini B, Nigro G (2021) Regret and other emotions related to decision-making: Antecedents, appraisals, and phenomenological aspects. Front Psychol, 12:783248.
- Özdemir N, Düzgüner S (2020) The scope of guilty, regret, and sınfulness from psychologıcal perspective and their place among close concepts. Ondokuz Mayıs University Review of the Faculty of Divinity, 49:497–529.
- Peng J, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Gong P, Han B, Sun H et al. (2018) A new look at the impact of maximizing on unhappiness: Two competing mediating effects. Front Psychol, 9:00066.
- Perdomo N (2021) Mortality salience and moral dilemmas: The impact of stress on regret in trolley problem decision-making (Masters thesis). Kansas, Ford Hays State University.
- Pink DH (2022) The Power of Regret: How Looking Backward Moves Us Forward. New York, Penguin Random House.
- Preacher KJ, Hayes AF (2008) Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behav Res Methods, 40:879–891.
- Righetti F, Visserman M (2018) I gave too much: Low self-esteem and the regret of sacrifices. Soc Psychol Personal Sci, 9:453–460.
- Roese NJ, Summerville A (2005) What we regret most and why. Pers Soc Psychol Bull, 31:1273–1285.
- Seligman MEP (2002) Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. In Handbook of Positive Psychology. (Eds CR Snyder, SJ Lopez): 3–12. New York, Oxford University Press.
- Senol-Durak E, Durak M (2019) Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the flourishing scale and the scale of positive and negative experience. Ment Health Relig Cult, 22:1021-1032.
- Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS (2019) Using Multivariate Statistics, 5th edition. London, UK, Pearson Education.
- Tafarodi RW, Swann Jr WB (2001) Two-dimensional self-esteem: Theory and measurement. Pers Individ Dif, 31:653–673.
- Telef BB (2015) The positive and negative experience scale adaptation for Turkish university students. Eur Sci J, 11:49–59.
- Veronese G, Pepe A, Sala G, Yamien I, Vigliaroni M (2019) Positive experience, psychological functioning, and hope for the future as factors associated with mental health among young Sub-Saharan internally displaced people (IDP): A quantitative pilot study. Int J Ment Health, 48:165–187.
- Watson D (2002) Positive affectivity: The disposition to experience pleasurable emotional states. In Handbook of Positive Psychology (Eds CR Snyder, SJ Lopez): 106–119. New York, Oxford University Press.
- Zeelenberg M, Pieters R (2007) A theory of regret regulation 1.1. J Consum Psychol, 17:29–35.
- Zeelenberg M, Van Dijk WW, Manstead ASR, Van Der Pligt J (2000) On bad decisions and disconfirmed expectancies: The psychology of regret and disappointment. Cogn Emot, 14:521–541
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Karar Verme, Sosyal Biliş, Kişilik ve Bireysel Farklılıklar |
| Bölüm | Araştırma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | - |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 24 Kasım 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Aralık 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 14 Kasım 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 15 Sayı: Supplement 1 |
Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar Creative Commons Atıf-Gayriticari-Türetilemez 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.