Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes

Didem Şahin; Suleyman Ersoy; Emin Pala

doi:10.22391/fppc.809768

Research Article

Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 13 - 21, 03.04.2021

Didem Şahin , Suleyman Ersoy , Emin Pala

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.809768

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the current study was to determine the self-efficacy and the medical adherence levels of the patients with type 2 diabetes and related factors in primary care.
Methods: This was a descriptive study which was conducted in a family health center in Istanbul between February 2020 and May 2020. Information was collected from the patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. A sociodemographic questionnaire form, Self-Efficacy Scale and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale were applied to participants face-to-face.
Results: Two hundred and seven patients were included. Mean age of the participants was 59.05±10.74 years. Sixty percent of them were women, 85.0% were over 50 years, 69.9% had an additional disease, about half of them were diagnosed with diabetes for 10 years or more. It was found that individuals with diabetes had a median self-efficacy score of 72(64-79). The self-efficacy scores were higher in patients with normal BMI, those without additional disease and those with high physical activity level (p=0.004, p= 0.038, p=0.002 respectively). The medication adherence level was found medium in 174 (84.1%) of the patients. As the age increased medication adherence also tended to increase, and the adherence of people with normal BMI was higher (p=0.019 and p= 0.026 respectively).
Conclusion: The self-efficacy and medical adherence of the diabetic patients participated in the current study were found to be at medium levels. It is understood that steps are needed to improve patients' self-efficacy levels and to increase their compliance with treatment.

Keywords

Type 2 diabetes; , self-efficacy , medication compliance , primary care

Thanks

We wish to thank Prof. Mustafa Ozturk for his contributions to the design of the questionnaire

References

1. Busolo D, Woodgate R. Palliative care experiences of adult cancer patients from ethnocultural groups: a qualitative systematic review Temd. 2020]; Available from: http://temd.org.tr/admin/uploads/tbl_kilavuz/20200625154506-2020tbl_kilavuz86bf012d90.pdf. (Access date: June 21, 2020)
2. Aguiree F, Brown A, Cho NH, Dahlquist G, Dodd S, Dunning T, et al., IDF diabetes atlas. 2013. http://dro.deakin.edu.au/view/DU:30060687
3. Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y, Kalaca S, Gedik S, Dinccag N, et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2013; 28:169–80. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.24.3.561
4. Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 1986;1986:23-8.
5. Bandura A, Freeman W, Lightsey R. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Springer; 1999. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158.
6. Norris SL, Engelgau MM, Narayan KMV. Effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care. 2001; 24(3):561-87. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.24.3.561
7. Krichbaum K, Aarestad V, Buethe M. Exploring the Connection Between Self-Efficacy and Effective Diabetes Self-f Management. The Diabetes Educator. 2003;29(4):653-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/014572170302900411
8. Conn VS, Ruppar TM. Medication adherence outcomes of 771 intervention trials: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med. 2017; 99:269-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.008
9. Brown MT, Bussell J, Dutta S, Davis K, Strong S and Mathew S. Medication adherence: truth and consequences. The American journal of the medical sciences, 2016; 351(4): 387-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2016.01.010
10. Capoccia K, Odegard PS, Letassy N. Medication adherence with diabetes medication: a systematic review of the literature. Sci Diab Self-Management Care 2016;42(1):34-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721715619038
11. Shortridge-Baggett LM. Self-efficacy: measurement and intervention in nursing. Sch Inq Nurs Pract. 2001 Fall;15(3):183-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11871578
12. Bijl J, Poelgeest‐Eeltink AV and Shortridge‐Baggett L. The psychometric properties of the diabetes management self‐efficacy scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Adv Nurs 1999; 30(2): 352-59. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01077.x
13. Kara M, Van Der Bijl JJ, Shortridge-Baggett L, Asti T, Erguney S. Cross-cultural adaptation of the diabetes management self-efficacy scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Scale development. Int J Nurs Studies 2006; 43(5):611-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.07.008
14. Bahar G, Savas HA, Unal A, Savas E, Kaya H, Bahar A. Reliability and validity of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale for bipolar mood disorder. Anatol J Psychiatry 2014; 15(2):141-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/apd.39827
15. Kav S, Yilmaz AA, Bulut Y and Dogan N. Self-efficacy, depression and self-care activities of people with type 2 diabetes in Turkey. Collegian 2017;24(1):27-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2015.09.005
16. Erol O and Yanik YT. Evaluation of self-efficacy levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Anatol Nurs Health Sci. 2016; 19(3):45-9 https://doi.org/10.17049/ahsbd.22818
17. Takci MA, Yildirim G. The Effect of education given to patients with diabetes in line with health belief model on their health belief, perception of self-efficacy and decision-making level. Lokman Hekim J History Med Folk Med 2021; 11(1): 73-82. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.752988
18. Gedik S and Kocoglu D. Self-efficacy level among patients with type 2 diabetes living in rural areas. Rural Remote Health 2018; 18(1): 4262. https://doi.org/10.22605/RRH4262
19. Kilic M, Arslan S. Evaluation of health locus of control of individuals with type 2 diabetes. TJFMPC 2018; 12(2): 126-35. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.432547
20. Arpaci Eren I. [The effect of diabetes school on perception of self-efficacy in people with diabetes] (In Turkish). 2018, Hasan Kalyoncu Univ. http://openaccess.hku.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.11782/1717 (Access date: June 21, 2020)
21. Ozdemir A, Kavak F, Gultekin A. Determining the self-efficacy perceived with social support in type ii diabetes patients. Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci 2019; 11(3):21-6. https://doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2019-64774
22. Beckerle CM. and Lavin MA. Association of self-efficacy and self-care with glycemic control in diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 2013; 26(3):172-78. https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.26.3.172
23. Cherrington A, Wallston KA and Rothman RL. Exploring the relationship between diabetes self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and glycemic control among men and women with type 2 diabetes. J Behav Med 2010; 33(1): 81-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-009-9233-4
24. Erol O and Enc N. Hypoglycemia fear and self-efficacy of Turkish patients receiving insulin therapy. Asian Nurs Res 2011; 5(4): 222-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2011.12.001
25. Aminde LN, Tindong M, Ngwasiri CA, Aminde JA, Njim T, Fondong AA, et al. Adherence to antidiabetic medication and factors associated with non-adherence among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in two regional hospitals in Cameroon. BMC Endoc Dis 2019; 19(1): 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0360-9
26. Krueger KL, Botermann SG, Schorr N, Griese-Mammen U. Laufs and Schulz M. Age-related medication adherence in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic literature review. Int J Cardiology 2015; 184: 728-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.03.042
27. Van Der Wal MH, Jaarsma T, Moser DK, Veeger NJ, Van Gilst VH and Van Veldhuisen DJ. Compliance in heart failure patients: the importance of knowledge and beliefs. Eu Heart J 2006; 27(4): 434-40. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehi603
28. Abebaw MA, Messele M, Hailu M and Zewdu F. Adherence and associated factors towards antidiabetic medication among type II diabetic patients on follow-up at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Advanc Nurs 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8579157

Diyabetli hastalarda öz-etkililik, tedaviye uyum ve ilişkili faktörler

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 13 - 21, 03.04.2021

Didem Şahin , Suleyman Ersoy , Emin Pala

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.809768

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Giriş: Bu çalışmanın amacı birinci basamakta tip 2 DM tanılı kişilerin öz-etkililik düzeyini ve ilaç tedavisine bağlılığını ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki çalışmamız İstanbul ilinde bir aile sağlığı merkezinde Şubat ve Mart 2020 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. On sekiz yaş üstü tip 2 diyabet tanılı hastalardan bilgi toplanmıştır. Sosyodemografik özellikli bir anket, Öz-etkililik Ölçeği ve Morisky Tedavi Uyum Ölçeği katılımcılara yüz yüze uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: 207 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 59.05±10.74 bulunmuştur. Araştırmaya katılanların %60’ı kadın, %85,0’i 50 yaş üstü, %69,9’u ek hastalık sahibi ve yaklaşık yarısı 10 yıl ve üzeri diyabet tanılıdır. Çalışmamız sonuçlarına göre diyabetli bireylerin öz-etkililik ortanca skoru 72(64-79 bulunmuştur. Normal BKI sahip kişilerin, ek hastalığı olmayanların ve fiziksel aktiflik düzeyi yüksek olanların öz-etkililik puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (sırasıyla p=0.004, p= 0.038, p=0.002) Araştırmamızda 174 (%84.1) hastanın ilaç uyumu orta düzeyde bulunmuştur. Yaş artıkça ilaç uyumu oranının artma eğilimi tespit edilmiş ve normal vücut kitle indeksine sahip kişilerin tedavi uyumu daha yüksek bulunmuştur (sırasıyla p=0.019 ve p= 0.026 ).
Sonuç: Çalışmamıza katılan diyabetli hastaların öz-etkililik skorları ve tedaviye uyumlarının orta seviyelerde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Hastaların öz etkililik düzeylerinin geliştirilmesine ve tedaviye uyumunun arttırılmasına yönelik adımlara ihtiyaç duyulduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Keywords

Tip 2 diyabet , öz-etkililik , ilaç uyumu , birinci basamak

References

1. Busolo D, Woodgate R. Palliative care experiences of adult cancer patients from ethnocultural groups: a qualitative systematic review Temd. 2020]; Available from: http://temd.org.tr/admin/uploads/tbl_kilavuz/20200625154506-2020tbl_kilavuz86bf012d90.pdf. (Access date: June 21, 2020)
2. Aguiree F, Brown A, Cho NH, Dahlquist G, Dodd S, Dunning T, et al., IDF diabetes atlas. 2013. http://dro.deakin.edu.au/view/DU:30060687
3. Satman I, Omer B, Tutuncu Y, Kalaca S, Gedik S, Dinccag N, et al. Twelve-year trends in the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes and prediabetes in Turkish adults. Eur J Epidemiol 2013; 28:169–80. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.24.3.561
4. Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. 1986;1986:23-8.
5. Bandura A, Freeman W, Lightsey R. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. Springer; 1999. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158.
6. Norris SL, Engelgau MM, Narayan KMV. Effectiveness of self-management training in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care. 2001; 24(3):561-87. https://doi.org/10.2337/diacare.24.3.561
7. Krichbaum K, Aarestad V, Buethe M. Exploring the Connection Between Self-Efficacy and Effective Diabetes Self-f Management. The Diabetes Educator. 2003;29(4):653-62. https://doi.org/10.1177/014572170302900411
8. Conn VS, Ruppar TM. Medication adherence outcomes of 771 intervention trials: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med. 2017; 99:269-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.03.008
9. Brown MT, Bussell J, Dutta S, Davis K, Strong S and Mathew S. Medication adherence: truth and consequences. The American journal of the medical sciences, 2016; 351(4): 387-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2016.01.010
10. Capoccia K, Odegard PS, Letassy N. Medication adherence with diabetes medication: a systematic review of the literature. Sci Diab Self-Management Care 2016;42(1):34-71. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145721715619038
11. Shortridge-Baggett LM. Self-efficacy: measurement and intervention in nursing. Sch Inq Nurs Pract. 2001 Fall;15(3):183-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11871578
12. Bijl J, Poelgeest‐Eeltink AV and Shortridge‐Baggett L. The psychometric properties of the diabetes management self‐efficacy scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Adv Nurs 1999; 30(2): 352-59. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.01077.x
13. Kara M, Van Der Bijl JJ, Shortridge-Baggett L, Asti T, Erguney S. Cross-cultural adaptation of the diabetes management self-efficacy scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Scale development. Int J Nurs Studies 2006; 43(5):611-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2005.07.008
14. Bahar G, Savas HA, Unal A, Savas E, Kaya H, Bahar A. Reliability and validity of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale for bipolar mood disorder. Anatol J Psychiatry 2014; 15(2):141-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/apd.39827
15. Kav S, Yilmaz AA, Bulut Y and Dogan N. Self-efficacy, depression and self-care activities of people with type 2 diabetes in Turkey. Collegian 2017;24(1):27-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2015.09.005
16. Erol O and Yanik YT. Evaluation of self-efficacy levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes. J Anatol Nurs Health Sci. 2016; 19(3):45-9 https://doi.org/10.17049/ahsbd.22818
17. Takci MA, Yildirim G. The Effect of education given to patients with diabetes in line with health belief model on their health belief, perception of self-efficacy and decision-making level. Lokman Hekim J History Med Folk Med 2021; 11(1): 73-82. https://doi.org/10.31020/mutftd.752988
18. Gedik S and Kocoglu D. Self-efficacy level among patients with type 2 diabetes living in rural areas. Rural Remote Health 2018; 18(1): 4262. https://doi.org/10.22605/RRH4262
19. Kilic M, Arslan S. Evaluation of health locus of control of individuals with type 2 diabetes. TJFMPC 2018; 12(2): 126-35. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.432547
20. Arpaci Eren I. [The effect of diabetes school on perception of self-efficacy in people with diabetes] (In Turkish). 2018, Hasan Kalyoncu Univ. http://openaccess.hku.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/20.500.11782/1717 (Access date: June 21, 2020)
21. Ozdemir A, Kavak F, Gultekin A. Determining the self-efficacy perceived with social support in type ii diabetes patients. Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci 2019; 11(3):21-6. https://doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2019-64774
22. Beckerle CM. and Lavin MA. Association of self-efficacy and self-care with glycemic control in diabetes. Diabetes Spectrum, 2013; 26(3):172-78. https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.26.3.172
23. Cherrington A, Wallston KA and Rothman RL. Exploring the relationship between diabetes self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and glycemic control among men and women with type 2 diabetes. J Behav Med 2010; 33(1): 81-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-009-9233-4
24. Erol O and Enc N. Hypoglycemia fear and self-efficacy of Turkish patients receiving insulin therapy. Asian Nurs Res 2011; 5(4): 222-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2011.12.001
25. Aminde LN, Tindong M, Ngwasiri CA, Aminde JA, Njim T, Fondong AA, et al. Adherence to antidiabetic medication and factors associated with non-adherence among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in two regional hospitals in Cameroon. BMC Endoc Dis 2019; 19(1): 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0360-9
26. Krueger KL, Botermann SG, Schorr N, Griese-Mammen U. Laufs and Schulz M. Age-related medication adherence in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic literature review. Int J Cardiology 2015; 184: 728-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.03.042
27. Van Der Wal MH, Jaarsma T, Moser DK, Veeger NJ, Van Gilst VH and Van Veldhuisen DJ. Compliance in heart failure patients: the importance of knowledge and beliefs. Eu Heart J 2006; 27(4): 434-40. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehi603
28. Abebaw MA, Messele M, Hailu M and Zewdu F. Adherence and associated factors towards antidiabetic medication among type II diabetic patients on follow-up at University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Advanc Nurs 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8579157

There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Internal Diseases
Journal Section	Original Research
Authors	Didem Şahin 0000-0003-3246-7898 Suleyman Ersoy 0000-0003-0001-9329 Emin Pala 0000-0001-9189-4342
Publication Date	April 3, 2021
Submission Date	October 13, 2020
Acceptance Date	February 11, 2021
Published in Issue	Year 2021 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Şahin, D., Ersoy, S., & Pala, E. (2021). Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 6(1), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.809768
AMA	Şahin D, Ersoy S, Pala E. Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes. Fam Pract Palliat Care. April 2021;6(1):13-21. doi:10.22391/fppc.809768
Chicago	Şahin, Didem, Suleyman Ersoy, and Emin Pala. “Self-Efficacy, Medical Adherence and Related Factors in Patients With Diabetes”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6, no. 1 (April 2021): 13-21. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.809768.
EndNote	Şahin D, Ersoy S, Pala E (April 1, 2021) Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6 1 13–21.
IEEE	D. Şahin, S. Ersoy, and E. Pala, “Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes”, Fam Pract Palliat Care, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 13–21, 2021, doi: 10.22391/fppc.809768.
ISNAD	Şahin, Didem et al. “Self-Efficacy, Medical Adherence and Related Factors in Patients With Diabetes”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6/1 (April2021), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.809768.
JAMA	Şahin D, Ersoy S, Pala E. Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2021;6:13–21.
MLA	Şahin, Didem et al. “Self-Efficacy, Medical Adherence and Related Factors in Patients With Diabetes”. Family Practice and Palliative Care, vol. 6, no. 1, 2021, pp. 13-21, doi:10.22391/fppc.809768.
Vancouver	Şahin D, Ersoy S, Pala E. Self-efficacy, medical adherence and related factors in patients with diabetes. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2021;6(1):13-21.