Family Practice and Palliative Care
Research Article
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Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study

Year 2019, Volume 4, Issue 1, 31 - 35, 18.03.2019

Seher MERCAN İbrahim SOLAK Mehmet Ali ERYİLMAZ

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world and in our country. Despite early diagnosis and improved treatment possibilities, breast cancer is difficult to accept and a major source of anxiety. It brings various psychosocial problems to the agenda. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of depression and anxiety in the patients admitted to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of a mass in the breast and to determine the effect of mass on the mental health of women.

Methods: This study is an analytical case-control study. All of the participants were female (n=200). Patients filled the questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the sociodemographic data form.

Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the case and control groups in terms of the marital status, living with someone, monthly income level, place of residence, occupation, and education level (p>0.05).  There was a statistically significant difference between case and control groups in terms of the mean BDI score (19.6±1.05, 8.92±0.62, respectively, p<0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean BAI score (20.34±1.23, 7.88±0.71, respectively, p<0.001).

Conclusion: In our study, the incidence of depression and severe anxiety was significantly higher in the women admitted to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of a breast mass than in the healthy women.

Keywords

Breast mass, anxiety, depression

References

  • 1. Yoo GJ, Levine EG, Aviv C, Ewing C, Au A. Older women, breast cancer, and social support. Support Care Cancer 2010;18(12):1521-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-009-0774-4
  • 2. Stewart B, Wild CP. World cancer report 2014. Self 2018.
  • 3. Stacey D, DeGrasse C, Johnston L. Addressing the support needs of women at high risk for breast cancer: evidence-based care by advanced practice nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum 2002;29(6): E77-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/02.ONF.E77-E84
  • 4. Eryilmaz MA, Karahan O, Sevinc B, Ay S, Civcik S. [Effectiveness of breast cancer screening] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2010;6:145-9.
  • 5. Crispo A, D’Aiuto G, De Marco MR, Rinaldo M, Grimaldi M, Capasso I et al. Gail model risk factors: impact of adding an extended family history for breast cancer. Breast J 2008;14(3):221-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4741.2008.00566.x
  • 6. Arikan R. [A traumatic experience: breast cancer and mastectomy] (in Turkish). Kriz Dergisi 2001;9(1):39-46.
  • 7. Cavdar I. [Sexual problems in breast cancer patients] (in Turkish). Meme Sağligi Dergisi 2006;2(2):64-6.
  • 8. Gross RE. Breast cancer: risk factors, screening, and prevention. in seminars in oncology nursing. 2000. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1053/sonc.2000.8110
  • 9. Bag B. Psycho-oncology, psychosocial problems and measurement methods. Curr Approaches in Psychiatry 2012;4(4):449. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20120427
  • 10. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Türkiye Onkoloji Hizmetleri Yeniden Yapılanma Programı 2010- 2023. Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı 2010. https://www.kanser.org/saglik/userfiles/file/11Mayis2011/turkiye_onkoloji_hizmetleri_kitapcik.pdf (Access Date: 01.01.2019)
  • 11. R Kutlu, Civi S, Boruban MC, Demir A. [Depression and factors affecting quality of life in cancer patients] (in Turkish). Selcuk Univ Tip Derg 2011;27(3):149-53.
  • 12. Elbi H. [Cancer and depression] (in Turkish). Psikiyatri Dunyası 2001;5:5-10.
  • 13. Celik FH, Hocaoglu C, Major depressive disorder definition, etiology and epidemiology; A Review. J Contemp Med 2016;6(1):51-66. https://doi.org/10.16899/ctd.03180
  • 14. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4(6):561-71. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
  • 15. Hisli N. A reliability and validity study of Beck Depression Inventory in a university student sample. J Psychol 1989;7:3-13.
  • 16. Noorbala AA, Fatemeh R, Hossein M, Nasrin A, Abbas R, Forooshani M.S, et al. Effects of a psychological intervention on depression in infertile couples. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2008;101(3):248-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.12.010
  • 17. Gulec G, Hassa H, Yalcin EG, Yenilmez C, [Evaluation of the effect of infertility on sexual function and pair adjustment in infertile couples] (in Turkish). Turk J Psychiatry 2011;22(3):166-76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 21870306
  • 18. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brovn Gl. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988;56(6):893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
  • 19. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. The Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother 1998;12:2.
  • 20. Ozmen V. Breast cancer screening: current controversies. Eur J Breast Health 2011;7:1-4.
  • 21. Ozmen V, Anderson BO. The challenge of breast cancer in low-and middle-income countries implementing the breast health global initiative guidelines 2008. http://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2008.04.1.76
  • 22. Kum S, Goksu AU, Kelkitli E, Yucel I. [The frequency and influence of self-breast examination in the Central Black Sea region] (in Turkish). Turk J Oncol 2004;19(1):24-7.
  • 23. Liao MN, Chen MF, Chen SC, Chen PL. Uncertainty and anxiety during the diagnostic period for women with suspected breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 2008;31(4):274-83. http://doi.org/10.1097/01.NCC.0000305744.64452.fe
  • 24. Becker E, Margraf J, Türke V, Soeder U & Neumer S., Obesity and mental illness in a representative sample of young women. Int J Obes 2001;25(S1):5. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801688
  • 25. Richardson LP, Garrison MM, Drangsholt M. Associations between depressive symptoms and obesity during puberty. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2006;28(4):313-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2006.03.007
  • 26. John U, Meyer C, Rumpf HJ, Hapke U. Relationships of psychiatric disorders with overweight and obesity in an adult general population. Obes Res 2005;13(1):101-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2005.13
  • 27. Kress AM, Peterson MR, Hartzell MC. Association between obesity and depressive symptoms among US Military active duty service personnel, 2002. J Psychosom Res 2006;60(3):263-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.011
  • 28. Tangen T, Mykletun A. Depression and anxiety through the climacteric period: an epidemiological study (HUNT-II). Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 2008;29(2):125-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/01674820701733945
  • 29. Soares CN. Depression and menopause: Current knowledge and clinical recommendations for a critical window. Psychiatr Clin N Am 2017;40(2):239-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2017.01.007
  • 30. Chowdhury R, Sinha B, Sankar MJ, Taneja S, Bihandari N, Rollins N, et al. Breastfeeding and maternal health outcomes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Acta Paediatr 2015;104:96-113 https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13102
  • 31. Ozmen V, Ozcinar B, Karanlik H, Cabioglu N, Tukenmez M, Disci R, et al. Breast cancer risk factors in Turkish women–a University Hospital based nested case control study. World J Surg Oncol 2009;7(1):37. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-7-37
  • 32. Turgut GE, Bulent CY, Erdal P, Yigit Y, Huseyin B, Hakan O, et al. [The affecting factors on anxiety in female patients with breast complaints] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2009;5(2):92-7.
  • 33. Vogel VG, Assessing risk of breast cancer: Tools for evaluating a patient's 5-year and lifetime probabilities. Postgraduate Medicine 1999; 105(6):49-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1999.11444922

Memede kitle şikayeti olan hastalarda depresyon ve anksiyetenin değerlendirilmesi: prospektif bir çalışma

Year 2019, Volume 4, Issue 1, 31 - 35, 18.03.2019

Seher MERCAN İbrahim SOLAK Mehmet Ali ERYİLMAZ

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683

Abstract

Giriş: Meme kanseri dünyada ve ülkemizde kadınlarda en sık görülen kanserdir. Erken tanı ve gelişen tedavi olanaklarına rağmen meme kanseri, kabul edilmesi zor, önemli bir kaygı kaynağı olarak çeşitli psikososyal sorunları gündeme getirmektedir. Biz bu çalışmamızda memede kitle yakınmasıyla polikliniğe başvuran hastalardaki depresyon ve anksiyeteyi değerlendirerek, kitlenin kadınların ruh sağlığında oluşturduğu etkiyi tespit etmeyi amaçladık.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma analitik tipte bir vaka kontrol çalışmasıdır. Çalışmaya katılanların %100’ü kadındı (n=200). Hastalar Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) ve sosyodemografik verileri içeren anket formunu doldurdu.

Bulgular: Vaka ve kontrol grupları arasında medeni durum, kimlerle yaşadığı, aylık gelir düzeyi, yaşadığı yer, meslek ve eğitim düzeyi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p>0,05). Vaka ve kontrol gruplarının BDÖ skor ortalaması arasında anlamlı fark vardı (19,6±1,05, 8,92±0,62, sırasıyla, p<0,001). İki grup arasında BAÖ skor ortalamaları arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı (20,34±1,23, 7,88±0,71, sırasıyla, p<0,001).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda memede kitle yakınması ile başvuran kadınlarda depresyon ve anksiyete skorları sağlıklı kadınlara göre anlamlı yüksekti. 

Keywords

Memede kitle, anksiyete, depresyon

References

  • 1. Yoo GJ, Levine EG, Aviv C, Ewing C, Au A. Older women, breast cancer, and social support. Support Care Cancer 2010;18(12):1521-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-009-0774-4
  • 2. Stewart B, Wild CP. World cancer report 2014. Self 2018.
  • 3. Stacey D, DeGrasse C, Johnston L. Addressing the support needs of women at high risk for breast cancer: evidence-based care by advanced practice nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum 2002;29(6): E77-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/02.ONF.E77-E84
  • 4. Eryilmaz MA, Karahan O, Sevinc B, Ay S, Civcik S. [Effectiveness of breast cancer screening] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2010;6:145-9.
  • 5. Crispo A, D’Aiuto G, De Marco MR, Rinaldo M, Grimaldi M, Capasso I et al. Gail model risk factors: impact of adding an extended family history for breast cancer. Breast J 2008;14(3):221-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4741.2008.00566.x
  • 6. Arikan R. [A traumatic experience: breast cancer and mastectomy] (in Turkish). Kriz Dergisi 2001;9(1):39-46.
  • 7. Cavdar I. [Sexual problems in breast cancer patients] (in Turkish). Meme Sağligi Dergisi 2006;2(2):64-6.
  • 8. Gross RE. Breast cancer: risk factors, screening, and prevention. in seminars in oncology nursing. 2000. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1053/sonc.2000.8110
  • 9. Bag B. Psycho-oncology, psychosocial problems and measurement methods. Curr Approaches in Psychiatry 2012;4(4):449. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20120427
  • 10. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Türkiye Onkoloji Hizmetleri Yeniden Yapılanma Programı 2010- 2023. Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı 2010. https://www.kanser.org/saglik/userfiles/file/11Mayis2011/turkiye_onkoloji_hizmetleri_kitapcik.pdf (Access Date: 01.01.2019)
  • 11. R Kutlu, Civi S, Boruban MC, Demir A. [Depression and factors affecting quality of life in cancer patients] (in Turkish). Selcuk Univ Tip Derg 2011;27(3):149-53.
  • 12. Elbi H. [Cancer and depression] (in Turkish). Psikiyatri Dunyası 2001;5:5-10.
  • 13. Celik FH, Hocaoglu C, Major depressive disorder definition, etiology and epidemiology; A Review. J Contemp Med 2016;6(1):51-66. https://doi.org/10.16899/ctd.03180
  • 14. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4(6):561-71. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
  • 15. Hisli N. A reliability and validity study of Beck Depression Inventory in a university student sample. J Psychol 1989;7:3-13.
  • 16. Noorbala AA, Fatemeh R, Hossein M, Nasrin A, Abbas R, Forooshani M.S, et al. Effects of a psychological intervention on depression in infertile couples. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2008;101(3):248-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.12.010
  • 17. Gulec G, Hassa H, Yalcin EG, Yenilmez C, [Evaluation of the effect of infertility on sexual function and pair adjustment in infertile couples] (in Turkish). Turk J Psychiatry 2011;22(3):166-76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 21870306
  • 18. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brovn Gl. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988;56(6):893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
  • 19. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. The Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother 1998;12:2.
  • 20. Ozmen V. Breast cancer screening: current controversies. Eur J Breast Health 2011;7:1-4.
  • 21. Ozmen V, Anderson BO. The challenge of breast cancer in low-and middle-income countries implementing the breast health global initiative guidelines 2008. http://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2008.04.1.76
  • 22. Kum S, Goksu AU, Kelkitli E, Yucel I. [The frequency and influence of self-breast examination in the Central Black Sea region] (in Turkish). Turk J Oncol 2004;19(1):24-7.
  • 23. Liao MN, Chen MF, Chen SC, Chen PL. Uncertainty and anxiety during the diagnostic period for women with suspected breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 2008;31(4):274-83. http://doi.org/10.1097/01.NCC.0000305744.64452.fe
  • 24. Becker E, Margraf J, Türke V, Soeder U & Neumer S., Obesity and mental illness in a representative sample of young women. Int J Obes 2001;25(S1):5. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801688
  • 25. Richardson LP, Garrison MM, Drangsholt M. Associations between depressive symptoms and obesity during puberty. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2006;28(4):313-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2006.03.007
  • 26. John U, Meyer C, Rumpf HJ, Hapke U. Relationships of psychiatric disorders with overweight and obesity in an adult general population. Obes Res 2005;13(1):101-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2005.13
  • 27. Kress AM, Peterson MR, Hartzell MC. Association between obesity and depressive symptoms among US Military active duty service personnel, 2002. J Psychosom Res 2006;60(3):263-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.011
  • 28. Tangen T, Mykletun A. Depression and anxiety through the climacteric period: an epidemiological study (HUNT-II). Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 2008;29(2):125-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/01674820701733945
  • 29. Soares CN. Depression and menopause: Current knowledge and clinical recommendations for a critical window. Psychiatr Clin N Am 2017;40(2):239-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2017.01.007
  • 30. Chowdhury R, Sinha B, Sankar MJ, Taneja S, Bihandari N, Rollins N, et al. Breastfeeding and maternal health outcomes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Acta Paediatr 2015;104:96-113 https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13102
  • 31. Ozmen V, Ozcinar B, Karanlik H, Cabioglu N, Tukenmez M, Disci R, et al. Breast cancer risk factors in Turkish women–a University Hospital based nested case control study. World J Surg Oncol 2009;7(1):37. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-7-37
  • 32. Turgut GE, Bulent CY, Erdal P, Yigit Y, Huseyin B, Hakan O, et al. [The affecting factors on anxiety in female patients with breast complaints] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2009;5(2):92-7.
  • 33. Vogel VG, Assessing risk of breast cancer: Tools for evaluating a patient's 5-year and lifetime probabilities. Postgraduate Medicine 1999; 105(6):49-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1999.11444922

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Sciences and Services
Published Date Apr 2019
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Seher MERCAN This is me
University of Health Sciences, Training and Research Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey
0000-0002-4066-2928
Türkiye

İbrahim SOLAK (Primary Author)
University of Health Sciences, Training and Research Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey
0000-0001-5311-0631
Türkiye

Mehmet Ali ERYİLMAZ This is me
University of Health Sciences, Training and Research Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Konya, Turkey
0000-0002-5280-3943
Türkiye

Publication Date March 18, 2019
Application Date December 27, 2018
Acceptance Date January 31, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019, Volume 4, Issue 1

Cite

Bibtex @research article { fppc503683, journal = {Family Practice and Palliative Care}, issn = {2458-8865}, eissn = {2459-1505}, address = {}, publisher = {Yusuf Haydar ERTEKİN}, year = {2019}, volume = {4}, number = {1}, pages = {31 - 35}, doi = {10.22391/fppc.503683}, title = {Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study}, key = {cite}, author = {Mercan, Seher and Solak, İbrahim and Eryilmaz, Mehmet Ali} }
APA Mercan, S. , Solak, İ. & Eryilmaz, M. A. (2019). Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study . Family Practice and Palliative Care , 4 (1) , 31-35 . DOI: 10.22391/fppc.503683
MLA Mercan, S. , Solak, İ. , Eryilmaz, M. A. "Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study" . Family Practice and Palliative Care 4 (2019 ): 31-35 <http://www.fppc.com.tr/en/pub/issue/43926/503683>
Chicago Mercan, S. , Solak, İ. , Eryilmaz, M. A. "Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study". Family Practice and Palliative Care 4 (2019 ): 31-35
RIS TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study AU - Seher Mercan , İbrahim Solak , Mehmet Ali Eryilmaz Y1 - 2019 PY - 2019 N1 - doi: 10.22391/fppc.503683 DO - 10.22391/fppc.503683 T2 - Family Practice and Palliative Care JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 31 EP - 35 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 2458-8865-2459-1505 M3 - doi: 10.22391/fppc.503683 UR - https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683 Y2 - 2019 ER -
EndNote %0 Family Practice and Palliative Care Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study %A Seher Mercan , İbrahim Solak , Mehmet Ali Eryilmaz %T Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study %D 2019 %J Family Practice and Palliative Care %P 2458-8865-2459-1505 %V 4 %N 1 %R doi: 10.22391/fppc.503683 %U 10.22391/fppc.503683
ISNAD Mercan, Seher , Solak, İbrahim , Eryilmaz, Mehmet Ali . "Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study". Family Practice and Palliative Care 4 / 1 (March 2019): 31-35 . https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683
AMA Mercan S. , Solak İ. , Eryilmaz M. A. Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2019; 4(1): 31-35.
Vancouver Mercan S. , Solak İ. , Eryilmaz M. A. Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study. Family Practice and Palliative Care. 2019; 4(1): 31-35.
IEEE S. Mercan , İ. Solak and M. A. Eryilmaz , "Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study", Family Practice and Palliative Care, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 31-35, Mar. 2019, doi:10.22391/fppc.503683
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Family Practice and Palliative Care       ISSN 2458-8865       E-ISSN 2459-1505

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