Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study

Seher Mercan; İbrahim Solak; Mehmet Ali Eryilmaz

doi:10.22391/fppc.503683

Research Article

Memede kitle şikayeti olan hastalarda depresyon ve anksiyetenin değerlendirilmesi: prospektif bir çalışma

Year 2019, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 31 - 35, 18.03.2019

Seher Mercan İbrahim Solak , Mehmet Ali Eryilmaz

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Giriş: Meme kanseri dünyada ve
ülkemizde kadınlarda en sık görülen kanserdir. Erken tanı ve gelişen tedavi
olanaklarına rağmen meme kanseri, kabul edilmesi zor, önemli bir kaygı kaynağı
olarak çeşitli psikososyal sorunları gündeme getirmektedir. Biz bu çalışmamızda
memede kitle yakınmasıyla polikliniğe başvuran hastalardaki depresyon ve
anksiyeteyi değerlendirerek, kitlenin kadınların ruh sağlığında oluşturduğu
etkiyi tespit etmeyi amaçladık.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma analitik tipte bir vaka kontrol
çalışmasıdır. Çalışmaya katılanların %100’ü kadındı (n=200). Hastalar Beck
Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) ve sosyodemografik verileri
içeren anket formunu doldurdu.

Bulgular: Vaka ve kontrol grupları arasında medeni
durum, kimlerle yaşadığı, aylık gelir düzeyi, yaşadığı yer, meslek ve eğitim
düzeyi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p>0,05).
Vaka ve kontrol gruplarının BDÖ skor ortalaması arasında anlamlı fark vardı
(19,6±1,05, 8,92±0,62, sırasıyla, p<0,001). İki grup arasında BAÖ skor
ortalamaları arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptandı
(20,34±1,23, 7,88±0,71, sırasıyla, p<0,001).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda memede kitle yakınması ile
başvuran kadınlarda depresyon ve anksiyete skorları sağlıklı kadınlara göre
anlamlı yüksekti.

Keywords

Memede kitle, anksiyete, depresyon

References

1. Yoo GJ, Levine EG, Aviv C, Ewing C, Au A. Older women, breast cancer, and social support. Support Care Cancer 2010;18(12):1521-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-009-0774-4
2. Stewart B, Wild CP. World cancer report 2014. Self 2018.
3. Stacey D, DeGrasse C, Johnston L. Addressing the support needs of women at high risk for breast cancer: evidence-based care by advanced practice nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum 2002;29(6): E77-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/02.ONF.E77-E84
4. Eryilmaz MA, Karahan O, Sevinc B, Ay S, Civcik S. [Effectiveness of breast cancer screening] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2010;6:145-9.
5. Crispo A, D’Aiuto G, De Marco MR, Rinaldo M, Grimaldi M, Capasso I et al. Gail model risk factors: impact of adding an extended family history for breast cancer. Breast J 2008;14(3):221-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4741.2008.00566.x
6. Arikan R. [A traumatic experience: breast cancer and mastectomy] (in Turkish). Kriz Dergisi 2001;9(1):39-46.
7. Cavdar I. [Sexual problems in breast cancer patients] (in Turkish). Meme Sağligi Dergisi 2006;2(2):64-6.
8. Gross RE. Breast cancer: risk factors, screening, and prevention. in seminars in oncology nursing. 2000. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1053/sonc.2000.8110
9. Bag B. Psycho-oncology, psychosocial problems and measurement methods. Curr Approaches in Psychiatry 2012;4(4):449. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20120427
10. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Türkiye Onkoloji Hizmetleri Yeniden Yapılanma Programı 2010- 2023. Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı 2010. https://www.kanser.org/saglik/userfiles/file/11Mayis2011/turkiye_onkoloji_hizmetleri_kitapcik.pdf (Access Date: 01.01.2019)
11. R Kutlu, Civi S, Boruban MC, Demir A. [Depression and factors affecting quality of life in cancer patients] (in Turkish). Selcuk Univ Tip Derg 2011;27(3):149-53.
12. Elbi H. [Cancer and depression] (in Turkish). Psikiyatri Dunyası 2001;5:5-10.
13. Celik FH, Hocaoglu C, Major depressive disorder definition, etiology and epidemiology; A Review. J Contemp Med 2016;6(1):51-66. https://doi.org/10.16899/ctd.03180
14. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4(6):561-71. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
15. Hisli N. A reliability and validity study of Beck Depression Inventory in a university student sample. J Psychol 1989;7:3-13.
16. Noorbala AA, Fatemeh R, Hossein M, Nasrin A, Abbas R, Forooshani M.S, et al. Effects of a psychological intervention on depression in infertile couples. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2008;101(3):248-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.12.010
17. Gulec G, Hassa H, Yalcin EG, Yenilmez C, [Evaluation of the effect of infertility on sexual function and pair adjustment in infertile couples] (in Turkish). Turk J Psychiatry 2011;22(3):166-76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 21870306
18. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brovn Gl. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988;56(6):893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
19. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. The Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother 1998;12:2.
20. Ozmen V. Breast cancer screening: current controversies. Eur J Breast Health 2011;7:1-4.
21. Ozmen V, Anderson BO. The challenge of breast cancer in low-and middle-income countries implementing the breast health global initiative guidelines 2008. http://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2008.04.1.76
22. Kum S, Goksu AU, Kelkitli E, Yucel I. [The frequency and influence of self-breast examination in the Central Black Sea region] (in Turkish). Turk J Oncol 2004;19(1):24-7.
23. Liao MN, Chen MF, Chen SC, Chen PL. Uncertainty and anxiety during the diagnostic period for women with suspected breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 2008;31(4):274-83. http://doi.org/10.1097/01.NCC.0000305744.64452.fe
24. Becker E, Margraf J, Türke V, Soeder U & Neumer S., Obesity and mental illness in a representative sample of young women. Int J Obes 2001;25(S1):5. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801688
25. Richardson LP, Garrison MM, Drangsholt M. Associations between depressive symptoms and obesity during puberty. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2006;28(4):313-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2006.03.007
26. John U, Meyer C, Rumpf HJ, Hapke U. Relationships of psychiatric disorders with overweight and obesity in an adult general population. Obes Res 2005;13(1):101-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2005.13
27. Kress AM, Peterson MR, Hartzell MC. Association between obesity and depressive symptoms among US Military active duty service personnel, 2002. J Psychosom Res 2006;60(3):263-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.011
28. Tangen T, Mykletun A. Depression and anxiety through the climacteric period: an epidemiological study (HUNT-II). Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 2008;29(2):125-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/01674820701733945
29. Soares CN. Depression and menopause: Current knowledge and clinical recommendations for a critical window. Psychiatr Clin N Am 2017;40(2):239-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2017.01.007
30. Chowdhury R, Sinha B, Sankar MJ, Taneja S, Bihandari N, Rollins N, et al. Breastfeeding and maternal health outcomes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Acta Paediatr 2015;104:96-113 https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13102
31. Ozmen V, Ozcinar B, Karanlik H, Cabioglu N, Tukenmez M, Disci R, et al. Breast cancer risk factors in Turkish women–a University Hospital based nested case control study. World J Surg Oncol 2009;7(1):37. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-7-37
32. Turgut GE, Bulent CY, Erdal P, Yigit Y, Huseyin B, Hakan O, et al. [The affecting factors on anxiety in female patients with breast complaints] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2009;5(2):92-7.
33. Vogel VG, Assessing risk of breast cancer: Tools for evaluating a patient's 5-year and lifetime probabilities. Postgraduate Medicine 1999; 105(6):49-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1999.11444922

Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study

Year 2019, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 31 - 35, 18.03.2019

Seher Mercan İbrahim Solak , Mehmet Ali Eryilmaz

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most
common cancer among women in the world and in our country. Despite early
diagnosis and improved treatment possibilities, breast cancer is difficult to
accept and a major source of anxiety. It brings various psychosocial problems
to the agenda. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of depression and
anxiety in the patients admitted to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of
a mass in the breast and to determine the effect of mass on the mental health
of women.

Methods: This study is an analytical
case-control study. All of the participants were female (n=200). Patients
filled the questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the
Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the sociodemographic data form.

Results: There was no
statistically significant difference between the case and control groups in
terms of the marital status, living with someone, monthly income level, place
of residence, occupation, and education level (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant
difference between case and control groups in terms of the mean BDI score
(19.6±1.05, 8.92±0.62, respectively, p<0.001). There was also a
statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the
mean BAI score (20.34±1.23, 7.88±0.71, respectively, p<0.001).

Conclusion: In our study, the incidence
of depression and severe anxiety was significantly higher in the women admitted
to the outpatient clinic with the complaint of a breast mass than in the
healthy women.

Keywords

Breast mass, anxiety, depression

References

1. Yoo GJ, Levine EG, Aviv C, Ewing C, Au A. Older women, breast cancer, and social support. Support Care Cancer 2010;18(12):1521-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00520-009-0774-4
2. Stewart B, Wild CP. World cancer report 2014. Self 2018.
3. Stacey D, DeGrasse C, Johnston L. Addressing the support needs of women at high risk for breast cancer: evidence-based care by advanced practice nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum 2002;29(6): E77-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/02.ONF.E77-E84
4. Eryilmaz MA, Karahan O, Sevinc B, Ay S, Civcik S. [Effectiveness of breast cancer screening] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2010;6:145-9.
5. Crispo A, D’Aiuto G, De Marco MR, Rinaldo M, Grimaldi M, Capasso I et al. Gail model risk factors: impact of adding an extended family history for breast cancer. Breast J 2008;14(3):221-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4741.2008.00566.x
6. Arikan R. [A traumatic experience: breast cancer and mastectomy] (in Turkish). Kriz Dergisi 2001;9(1):39-46.
7. Cavdar I. [Sexual problems in breast cancer patients] (in Turkish). Meme Sağligi Dergisi 2006;2(2):64-6.
8. Gross RE. Breast cancer: risk factors, screening, and prevention. in seminars in oncology nursing. 2000. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1053/sonc.2000.8110
9. Bag B. Psycho-oncology, psychosocial problems and measurement methods. Curr Approaches in Psychiatry 2012;4(4):449. https://doi.org/10.5455/cap.20120427
10. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü, Türkiye Onkoloji Hizmetleri Yeniden Yapılanma Programı 2010- 2023. Ankara: T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı 2010. https://www.kanser.org/saglik/userfiles/file/11Mayis2011/turkiye_onkoloji_hizmetleri_kitapcik.pdf (Access Date: 01.01.2019)
11. R Kutlu, Civi S, Boruban MC, Demir A. [Depression and factors affecting quality of life in cancer patients] (in Turkish). Selcuk Univ Tip Derg 2011;27(3):149-53.
12. Elbi H. [Cancer and depression] (in Turkish). Psikiyatri Dunyası 2001;5:5-10.
13. Celik FH, Hocaoglu C, Major depressive disorder definition, etiology and epidemiology; A Review. J Contemp Med 2016;6(1):51-66. https://doi.org/10.16899/ctd.03180
14. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1961;4(6):561-71. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004
15. Hisli N. A reliability and validity study of Beck Depression Inventory in a university student sample. J Psychol 1989;7:3-13.
16. Noorbala AA, Fatemeh R, Hossein M, Nasrin A, Abbas R, Forooshani M.S, et al. Effects of a psychological intervention on depression in infertile couples. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2008;101(3):248-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.12.010
17. Gulec G, Hassa H, Yalcin EG, Yenilmez C, [Evaluation of the effect of infertility on sexual function and pair adjustment in infertile couples] (in Turkish). Turk J Psychiatry 2011;22(3):166-76. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 21870306
18. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brovn Gl. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol 1988;56(6):893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
19. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. The Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother 1998;12:2.
20. Ozmen V. Breast cancer screening: current controversies. Eur J Breast Health 2011;7:1-4.
21. Ozmen V, Anderson BO. The challenge of breast cancer in low-and middle-income countries implementing the breast health global initiative guidelines 2008. http://doi.org/10.17925/OHR.2008.04.1.76
22. Kum S, Goksu AU, Kelkitli E, Yucel I. [The frequency and influence of self-breast examination in the Central Black Sea region] (in Turkish). Turk J Oncol 2004;19(1):24-7.
23. Liao MN, Chen MF, Chen SC, Chen PL. Uncertainty and anxiety during the diagnostic period for women with suspected breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 2008;31(4):274-83. http://doi.org/10.1097/01.NCC.0000305744.64452.fe
24. Becker E, Margraf J, Türke V, Soeder U & Neumer S., Obesity and mental illness in a representative sample of young women. Int J Obes 2001;25(S1):5. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801688
25. Richardson LP, Garrison MM, Drangsholt M. Associations between depressive symptoms and obesity during puberty. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2006;28(4):313-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2006.03.007
26. John U, Meyer C, Rumpf HJ, Hapke U. Relationships of psychiatric disorders with overweight and obesity in an adult general population. Obes Res 2005;13(1):101-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2005.13
27. Kress AM, Peterson MR, Hartzell MC. Association between obesity and depressive symptoms among US Military active duty service personnel, 2002. J Psychosom Res 2006;60(3):263-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.08.011
28. Tangen T, Mykletun A. Depression and anxiety through the climacteric period: an epidemiological study (HUNT-II). Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology 2008;29(2):125-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/01674820701733945
29. Soares CN. Depression and menopause: Current knowledge and clinical recommendations for a critical window. Psychiatr Clin N Am 2017;40(2):239-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2017.01.007
30. Chowdhury R, Sinha B, Sankar MJ, Taneja S, Bihandari N, Rollins N, et al. Breastfeeding and maternal health outcomes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Acta Paediatr 2015;104:96-113 https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13102
31. Ozmen V, Ozcinar B, Karanlik H, Cabioglu N, Tukenmez M, Disci R, et al. Breast cancer risk factors in Turkish women–a University Hospital based nested case control study. World J Surg Oncol 2009;7(1):37. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7819-7-37
32. Turgut GE, Bulent CY, Erdal P, Yigit Y, Huseyin B, Hakan O, et al. [The affecting factors on anxiety in female patients with breast complaints] (in Turkish). Eur J Breast Health 2009;5(2):92-7.
33. Vogel VG, Assessing risk of breast cancer: Tools for evaluating a patient's 5-year and lifetime probabilities. Postgraduate Medicine 1999; 105(6):49-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1999.11444922

There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Original Research
Authors	Seher Mercan 0000-0002-4066-2928 İbrahim Solak 0000-0001-5311-0631 Mehmet Ali Eryilmaz 0000-0002-5280-3943
Publication Date	March 18, 2019
Submission Date	December 27, 2018
Acceptance Date	January 31, 2019
Published in Issue	Year 2019Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Mercan, S., Solak, İ., & Eryilmaz, M. A. (2019). Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 4(1), 31-35. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683
AMA	Mercan S, Solak İ, Eryilmaz MA. Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study. Fam Pract Palliat Care. March 2019;4(1):31-35. doi:10.22391/fppc.503683
Chicago	Mercan, Seher, İbrahim Solak, and Mehmet Ali Eryilmaz. “Evaluation of Depression and Anxiety Levels in Patients With a Complaint of a Breast Mass: a Prospective Study”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 4, no. 1 (March 2019): 31-35. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683.
EndNote	Mercan S, Solak İ, Eryilmaz MA (March 1, 2019) Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study. Family Practice and Palliative Care 4 1 31–35.
IEEE	S. Mercan, İ. Solak, and M. A. Eryilmaz, “Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study”, Fam Pract Palliat Care, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 31–35, 2019, doi: 10.22391/fppc.503683.
ISNAD	Mercan, Seher et al. “Evaluation of Depression and Anxiety Levels in Patients With a Complaint of a Breast Mass: a Prospective Study”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 4/1 (March 2019), 31-35. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.503683.
JAMA	Mercan S, Solak İ, Eryilmaz MA. Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2019;4:31–35.
MLA	Mercan, Seher et al. “Evaluation of Depression and Anxiety Levels in Patients With a Complaint of a Breast Mass: a Prospective Study”. Family Practice and Palliative Care, vol. 4, no. 1, 2019, pp. 31-35, doi:10.22391/fppc.503683.
Vancouver	Mercan S, Solak İ, Eryilmaz MA. Evaluation of depression and anxiety levels in patients with a complaint of a breast mass: a prospective study. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2019;4(1):31-5.