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Psychiatric conditions and delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 54 - 59, 31.07.2024

Hülya Ertekin , Erdem Kettaş Şükrü Alperen Korkmaz

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1404419

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to examine the patients who were consulted to psychiatry while receiving inpatient treatment due to COVID-19 infection based on sociodemographic data, medical history, diagnoses and treatments.
Methods: This is a retrospective study in which the consultations were retrospectively reviewed using information obtained from electronic medical records. The consultant psychiatrists created a structured data collection form to evaluate the clinical and demographic features of the patients.
Results: Ninety-nine of the psychiatry consultation results of patients were evaluated. The mean age of patients was 64.48 ± 18.82. The most common medical diagnoses are hypertension (n=32, 32.3%) and heart disease (n=21, 21.1%). The most common reason for consultation was agitation (n=27, 27.2%), and the most common diagnosis was delirium (n=25, 25.2%) and anxiety disorders (n=23, 23.2%). Increasing age, presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and oxygen inhalation therapy were factors affecting the diagnosis of delirium. In contrast, the presence of heart disease or diabetes mellitus increased the risk of anxiety disorder, and antipsychotic use decreased this risk.
Conclusion: It has been revealed that inpatients with COVID-19 were at risk of psychiatric disorders, especially delirium and anxiety disorders. Psychiatric conditions may notably influence the prognosis and treatment of COVID-19.

Keywords

COVID-19 delirium pandemic psychiatric consultations

References

  • 1. Korkmaz SA, Yildiz A, Erdas MB, Karakaya O, Goka E. Mental health status of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: results from the vaccination phase. Psychiat Behav Sci. 2022;12(4):164-164. doi:10.5455/PBS.20220606080604
  • 2. Jafri MR, Zaheer A, Fatima S, Saleem T, Sohail A. Mental health status of COVID-19 survivors: a cross sectional study. Virol J. 2022;19(1):3. doi:10.1186/s12985-021-01729-3
  • 3. Peng P, Hao Y, Liu Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Yang Q, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of mental problems in medical students during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2023;321:167-181. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.040
  • 4. Miller LH, Parks J, Yowell R. The Impact of COVID-19 on Financing of Psychiatric Services. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2022;45(1):161-177. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2021.11.014
  • 5. So P, Wierdsma AI, Mulder CL, Vermeiren RRJM. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric emergency consultations in adolescents. BMC Psychol. 2023;11(1):101. doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01085-7
  • 6. Pelizza L, Pupo S. Future psychiatric services in Italy: lesson from the COVID-19 pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020;91(3):e2020011. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.10170
  • 7. Çelikbaş Z, Batmaz S, Aslan EA, Eser B, Güneysu, İ, et al. COVID-19 pandemisi Türkiye'deki bir üniversite hastanesi psikiyatri kliniğine olan ayaktan başvuruları ve konsültasyon istemlerini nasıl etkiledi? J Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;12(4):324-332. doi: 10.14744/phd.2021.48108
  • 8. Cansel N. Yatarak tedavi gören hastalarda COVID-19'un akut dönem psikiyatrik etkileri: geriye dönük bir inceleme. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi. 2022;10(1):372-383. doi: 10.33715/inonusaglik.1022907
  • 9. Turan Ş, Poyraz BÇ, Aksoy Poyraz C, Demirel ÖF, Tanrıöver Aydın E, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 inpatients who underwent psychiatric consultations. Asian J Psychiatr. 2021;57:102563. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102563
  • 10. Di Lorenzo R, Fiore G, Bruno A, Pinelli M, Bertani D, Falcone P, et al. Urgent Psychiatric Consultations at Mental Health Center during COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Observational Study. Psychiatr Q. 2021;92(4):1341-1359. doi:10.1007/s11126-021-09907-w
  • 11. Uygur, OF, Uygur H. Association of post-COVID-19 fatigue with mental health problems and sociodemographic risk factors. Fatigue Biomed. Health Behav. 2021;9:196–208. doi: 10.1080/21641846.2021.2000251
  • 12. Jones EAK, Mitra AK, Bhuiyan AR. Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health in Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(5):2470. doi:10.3390/ijerph18052470
  • 13. Nakhaei MRS, Noorbala AA, Haghighi AS, Arbabi M. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in the psychiatric counseling of patients admitted with COVID-19 infection. Psychiatry Res. 2022;317:114855. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114855
  • 14. So P, Wierdsma AI, Mulder CL, Vermeiren RRJM. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric emergency consultations in adolescents. BMC Psychol. 2023;11(1):101. doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01085-7
  • 15. Rogers JP, Chesney E, Oliver D, Pollak TA, McGuire P, et al. Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(7):611-627. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30203-0
  • 16. Maamar A, Liard C, Doucet W, Reizine F, Painvin B, Delamaire F, et al. Acquired agitation in acute respiratory distress syndrome with COVID-19 compared to influenza patients: a propensity score matching observational study. Virol J. 2022;19(1):145. doi:10.1186/s12985-022-01868-1
  • 17. Ngasa SN, Tchouda LAS, Abanda C, Ngasa NC, Sanji EW, Dingana TN, Babila CS. Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression amongst hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon. Plos One. 2021;16(12):e0260819. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260819
  • 18. Korkmaz ŞA, Güney T, Akıncı S, Çolak B, Can, F. The Mental Health Status of Inpatients with Newly Diagnosed Hematological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison Study. Gazi Med J. 2023;34(2):167-174. doi:10.12996/gmj.2023.34
  • 19. Daly M, Robinson E. Depression and anxiety during COVID-19. Lancet. 2022;399(10324):518. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00187-8
  • 20. Clift AK, von Ende A, Tan PS, Sallis HM, Lindson N, Coupland CAC, Munafò MR, et al. Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: an observational and Mendelian randomisation study using the UK Biobank cohort. Thorax. 2022;77(1):65-73. doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217080
  • 21. Forsyth CB, Voigt RM, Swanson GR, Bishehsari F, Shaikh M, Zhang L, et al. Alcohol use disorder as a potential risk factor for COVID-19 severity: A narrative review. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2022;46(11):1930-1943. doi:10.1111/acer.14936
  • 22. Marel C, Mills KL, Teesson M. Substance use, mental disorders and COVID-19: a volatile mix. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2021;34(4):351-356. doi:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000707
  • 23. Hoertel N, Sánchez-Rico M, Vernet R, Jannot AS, Neuraz A, Blanco C, et al. Observational study of haloperidol in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. PLoS One. 2021;16(2):e0247122. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247122
  • 24. Ostuzzi G, Gastaldon C, Papola D, Fagiolini, Dursun S, Taylor D, Barbui C. Pharmacological treatment of hyperactive delirium in people with COVID-19: rethinking conventional approaches. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2020;10: 2045125320942703. doi:10.1177/2045125320942703

COVID-19 pandemisinde yatan hastaların psikiyatrik durumları ve deliryum yaygınlığı

Year 2024, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 54 - 59, 31.07.2024

Hülya Ertekin , Erdem Kettaş Şükrü Alperen Korkmaz

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1404419

Abstract

Giriş: Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu nedeniyle yatarak tedavi görürken psikiyatriye konsülte edilen hastaların sosyodemografik verileri, tıbbi öyküsü, tanıları ve tedavileri temelinde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma, elektronik tıbbi kayıtlardan elde edilen bilgiler kullanılarak konsültasyonların geriye dönük olarak incelendiği retrospektif bir çalışmadır. Konsültan psikiyatristler hastaların klinik ve demografik özelliklerini değerlendirmek için yapılandırılmış bir veri toplama formu oluşturdu.
Bulgular: Doksan dokuz hastanın psikiyatri konsültasyon sonuçları değerlendirildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 64.48 ± 18.82 idi. En sık konulan tıbbi tanılar hipertansiyon (n=32, %32,3) ve kalp hastalığıdır (n=21, %21,1). En sık konsültasyon nedeni ajitasyon (n=27, %27,2), en sık tanı ise deliryum (n=25, %25,2) ve anksiyete bozukluklarıdır (n=23, %23,2). Artan yaş, hipertansiyon ve diyabetes mellitus varlığı ve oksijen inhalasyon tedavisi deliryum tanısını etkileyen faktörler olurken, kalp hastalığı veya diyabetes mellitus varlığı anksiyete bozukluğu riskini artırdı ve antipsikotik kullanımı bu riski azalttı.
Sonuç: Yatan COVİD-19 hastalarının deliryum ve anksiyete bozuklukları başta olmak üzere psikiyatrik bozukluklar açısından risk altında olduğu söylenebilir. Psikiyatrik durumlar, COVID-19’un prognozunu ve tedavisini etkilemede önemli olabilir.

Keywords

COVİD-19 deliryum pandemi psikiyatri konsültasyonları

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval was obtained from the Non-Interventional Clinical Trials Ethics Committee of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University's Faculty of Medicine (IRB No. 2022/13-18, 03.11.2022), and permission was obtained from the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health for the study.

References

  • 1. Korkmaz SA, Yildiz A, Erdas MB, Karakaya O, Goka E. Mental health status of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey: results from the vaccination phase. Psychiat Behav Sci. 2022;12(4):164-164. doi:10.5455/PBS.20220606080604
  • 2. Jafri MR, Zaheer A, Fatima S, Saleem T, Sohail A. Mental health status of COVID-19 survivors: a cross sectional study. Virol J. 2022;19(1):3. doi:10.1186/s12985-021-01729-3
  • 3. Peng P, Hao Y, Liu Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Yang Q, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of mental problems in medical students during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2023;321:167-181. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.10.040
  • 4. Miller LH, Parks J, Yowell R. The Impact of COVID-19 on Financing of Psychiatric Services. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2022;45(1):161-177. doi:10.1016/j.psc.2021.11.014
  • 5. So P, Wierdsma AI, Mulder CL, Vermeiren RRJM. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric emergency consultations in adolescents. BMC Psychol. 2023;11(1):101. doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01085-7
  • 6. Pelizza L, Pupo S. Future psychiatric services in Italy: lesson from the COVID-19 pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020;91(3):e2020011. doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.10170
  • 7. Çelikbaş Z, Batmaz S, Aslan EA, Eser B, Güneysu, İ, et al. COVID-19 pandemisi Türkiye'deki bir üniversite hastanesi psikiyatri kliniğine olan ayaktan başvuruları ve konsültasyon istemlerini nasıl etkiledi? J Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;12(4):324-332. doi: 10.14744/phd.2021.48108
  • 8. Cansel N. Yatarak tedavi gören hastalarda COVID-19'un akut dönem psikiyatrik etkileri: geriye dönük bir inceleme. İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi. 2022;10(1):372-383. doi: 10.33715/inonusaglik.1022907
  • 9. Turan Ş, Poyraz BÇ, Aksoy Poyraz C, Demirel ÖF, Tanrıöver Aydın E, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 inpatients who underwent psychiatric consultations. Asian J Psychiatr. 2021;57:102563. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102563
  • 10. Di Lorenzo R, Fiore G, Bruno A, Pinelli M, Bertani D, Falcone P, et al. Urgent Psychiatric Consultations at Mental Health Center during COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Observational Study. Psychiatr Q. 2021;92(4):1341-1359. doi:10.1007/s11126-021-09907-w
  • 11. Uygur, OF, Uygur H. Association of post-COVID-19 fatigue with mental health problems and sociodemographic risk factors. Fatigue Biomed. Health Behav. 2021;9:196–208. doi: 10.1080/21641846.2021.2000251
  • 12. Jones EAK, Mitra AK, Bhuiyan AR. Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health in Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(5):2470. doi:10.3390/ijerph18052470
  • 13. Nakhaei MRS, Noorbala AA, Haghighi AS, Arbabi M. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in the psychiatric counseling of patients admitted with COVID-19 infection. Psychiatry Res. 2022;317:114855. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114855
  • 14. So P, Wierdsma AI, Mulder CL, Vermeiren RRJM. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric emergency consultations in adolescents. BMC Psychol. 2023;11(1):101. doi:10.1186/s40359-023-01085-7
  • 15. Rogers JP, Chesney E, Oliver D, Pollak TA, McGuire P, et al. Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(7):611-627. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30203-0
  • 16. Maamar A, Liard C, Doucet W, Reizine F, Painvin B, Delamaire F, et al. Acquired agitation in acute respiratory distress syndrome with COVID-19 compared to influenza patients: a propensity score matching observational study. Virol J. 2022;19(1):145. doi:10.1186/s12985-022-01868-1
  • 17. Ngasa SN, Tchouda LAS, Abanda C, Ngasa NC, Sanji EW, Dingana TN, Babila CS. Prevalence and factors associated with anxiety and depression amongst hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon. Plos One. 2021;16(12):e0260819. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260819
  • 18. Korkmaz ŞA, Güney T, Akıncı S, Çolak B, Can, F. The Mental Health Status of Inpatients with Newly Diagnosed Hematological Cancer during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison Study. Gazi Med J. 2023;34(2):167-174. doi:10.12996/gmj.2023.34
  • 19. Daly M, Robinson E. Depression and anxiety during COVID-19. Lancet. 2022;399(10324):518. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00187-8
  • 20. Clift AK, von Ende A, Tan PS, Sallis HM, Lindson N, Coupland CAC, Munafò MR, et al. Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: an observational and Mendelian randomisation study using the UK Biobank cohort. Thorax. 2022;77(1):65-73. doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217080
  • 21. Forsyth CB, Voigt RM, Swanson GR, Bishehsari F, Shaikh M, Zhang L, et al. Alcohol use disorder as a potential risk factor for COVID-19 severity: A narrative review. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2022;46(11):1930-1943. doi:10.1111/acer.14936
  • 22. Marel C, Mills KL, Teesson M. Substance use, mental disorders and COVID-19: a volatile mix. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2021;34(4):351-356. doi:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000707
  • 23. Hoertel N, Sánchez-Rico M, Vernet R, Jannot AS, Neuraz A, Blanco C, et al. Observational study of haloperidol in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. PLoS One. 2021;16(2):e0247122. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247122
  • 24. Ostuzzi G, Gastaldon C, Papola D, Fagiolini, Dursun S, Taylor D, Barbui C. Pharmacological treatment of hyperactive delirium in people with COVID-19: rethinking conventional approaches. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2020;10: 2045125320942703. doi:10.1177/2045125320942703
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Original Research
Authors

Hülya Ertekin 0000-0003-4787-5333

Erdem Kettaş 0000-0003-4350-907X

Şükrü Alperen Korkmaz 0000-0002-0684-3303

Publication Date July 31, 2024
Submission Date December 13, 2023
Acceptance Date July 30, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ertekin, H., Kettaş, E., & Korkmaz, Ş. A. (2024). Psychiatric conditions and delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 9(2), 54-59. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1404419
AMA Ertekin H, Kettaş E, Korkmaz ŞA. Psychiatric conditions and delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic. Fam Pract Palliat Care. July 2024;9(2):54-59. doi:10.22391/fppc.1404419
Chicago Ertekin, Hülya, Erdem Kettaş, and Şükrü Alperen Korkmaz. “Psychiatric Conditions and Delirium in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 During the Pandemic”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 9, no. 2 (July 2024): 54-59. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1404419.
EndNote Ertekin H, Kettaş E, Korkmaz ŞA (July 1, 2024) Psychiatric conditions and delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic. Family Practice and Palliative Care 9 2 54–59.
IEEE H. Ertekin, E. Kettaş, and Ş. A. Korkmaz, “Psychiatric conditions and delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic”, Fam Pract Palliat Care, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 54–59, 2024, doi: 10.22391/fppc.1404419.
ISNAD Ertekin, Hülya et al. “Psychiatric Conditions and Delirium in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 During the Pandemic”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 9/2 (July 2024), 54-59. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.1404419.
JAMA Ertekin H, Kettaş E, Korkmaz ŞA. Psychiatric conditions and delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2024;9:54–59.
MLA Ertekin, Hülya et al. “Psychiatric Conditions and Delirium in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 During the Pandemic”. Family Practice and Palliative Care, vol. 9, no. 2, 2024, pp. 54-59, doi:10.22391/fppc.1404419.
Vancouver Ertekin H, Kettaş E, Korkmaz ŞA. Psychiatric conditions and delirium in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 during the pandemic. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2024;9(2):54-9.
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Family Practice and Palliative Care       ISSN 2458-8865       E-ISSN 2459-1505