Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over

Kübra Yıldırım; Ege Ağırman; Seçil Gunher Arıca

doi:10.22391/fppc.778750

Araştırma Makalesi

Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 22 - 28, 03.04.2021

Kübra Yıldırım Ege Ağırman Seçil Gunher Arıca

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.778750

Cited By: 3

Öz

Introduction: Urinary incontinence(UI) is a complicated condition that affects women of all ages, is common, affects life negatively, and occurs for many reasons. It does not only have a medical problem for women but also affects the quality of life defined as physical, psychological, economic and social well-being. In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the frequency of urinary incontinence and the affecting factors in women aged 18 and over.
Methods: 212 female patients aged between 18-85 who applied to Cemil Tascioglu City Hospital Family Medicine Polyclinics were included in this study. Those patients were divided into two groups: urinary incontinent and continent. General poll form, ICIQ-SF were interrogated. In general poll form, medical story about demographic data, personal history, family history, additional diseases, UI risk factors was interrogated. Dates of study were evaluated in the sense of meaningfulness by Shapiro Wilk test, Mann Whitney U test, Pearson Ki-Kare test, Fisher’s Exact Ki-Kare test.
Results: Number of incontinent and continent cases was 111 and 101, respectively. So, the frequency of UI was found to be 52.4%. Average age of incontinent and continent cases was 51.07±11.80 and 43.50±12.80 respectively. 37.7% of UI cases had urgent-type, 12.3% of UI cases had stress-type and 30.2% had mixed-type UI. Increase in body mass index (p<0.001), low level of education (p<0.001), curettage (p:0.014), menopause (p<0.001), giving birth to relatively big babies (p:0.048), hypertension (p:0.001), diabetes mellitus (p:0.038), constipation (p:0.042), genital prolapsus (p:0.008) were meaningfully higher in the incontinent group.
Conclusion: In our study; it was found that urinary incontinence rate increased with increasing age. The vast majority of women see this as a result of being a woman and aging and they do not consult a doctor. In our study, we found that 86.8% of women with urinary incontinence did not consult a doctor. Most of the individuals with urinary incontinence can be recognized and treated effectively by their family physicians in primary care. Therefore, family physicians should identify the problem of urinary incontinence in patients who apply to outpatient clinics, identify risk factors, define and treat them.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Urinary incontinence, urinary frequency, female

Kaynakça

1. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, et al. The standardisation of terminology in lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Urology 2003;61(1):37-49 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0090-4295(02)02243-4
2. Araki I, Beppu M, Kajiwara M, Mikami Y, Zakoji H, Fukasawa M, et al. Prevalence and impact on generic quality of life of urinary incontinence in Japanese working women: assessment by ICI questionnaire and SF-36 Health Survey. Urology 2005;66(1):88-93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2005.01.059
3. Basak T, Kok G, Guvenc G. Prevalence, risk factors and quality of life in Turkish women with urinary incontinence: a synthesis of the literatüre. Int Nurs Rev 2013;60(4):448-60 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12048
4. Yalcın O. [Basic Gynecology and Obstetrics Information. Urogynecology] (in Turkish). Gunes Medical Bookstore, Ankara 2008;(2):730-47
5. Temll C, Haidinger G, Schmidbauer J, Schatzl G, Madersbacher S. Urinary incontinence in both sexes: Prevelance rates and impact on quality of life and sexual life. Neurourol Urodyn 2000;19:259-71 https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6777(2000)19:3%3C259::aid-nau7%3E3.0.co;2-u
6. Kara CK. Karakaya IÇ, Tunali N, Karakaya MG. Reliability and validity of the Incontinence Quiz-Turkish version. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2018;44(1):144-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.13469
7. Saboia DM, Firmiano ML, Bezerra K, Neto JA, Oria MO, Vasconcelos CT, et al. Impact of urinary incontinence types on women's quality of life. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2017;21;51:e03266. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2016032603266
8. MacDiarmid S, Rosenberg M. Overactive bladder in women; symptom impact and treatment expectations. Curr Med Res Opin 2005; 21: 1413-21 https://doi.org/10.1185/030079905X59076
9. Kocak İ, Okyay P, Dundar M, Erol H, Beser E. Female urinary incontinence in the west Turkey: Prevalence, risk factors and impact on the quality of life. Eur Urol, 2005;48(4):634-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2005.04.017
10. Cetinel B, Demirkesen O, Tarcan T, Yalcin O, Kocak T, Senocak M, et al. Hidden female urinary incontinence in urology and obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinics in Turkey: What are the determinants of bothersome urinary incontinence and help-seeking behavior? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 2007; 18(6):659-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-006-0223-6
11. Alves JO, Luz ST, Brandao S, Luz CM, Jorge RN, Roza TD, et al. Urinary incontinence in physically active young women: prevalence and related factors. Int J Sports Med 2017;38(12):937-941. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-115736
12. Hunskarr S, Lose J, Sykess D, Voss S. The prevelance of urinary incontinence in women in four European countries. BJU Int 2004;93(3):324-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410x.2003.04609.x
13. Akgun G, Sut N, Kaplan P. Prevalance of the urinary incontinence in women older than 40 years and influence of their QoL. Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst. 2010;20(6):378-86.
14. Akkus Y, Pinar G. Evaluation of the prevalence, type, severity, and risk factors of urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life among women in Turkey. Int Urogynecol J. 2016;27(6):887-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-015-2904-5
15. Hsieh CH, Lee MS, Lee MC, Kuo TC, Hsu CS, Chang ST, et al. Risk factors for urinary incontinence in Taiwanese women aged 20-59 years. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2008;47(2):197-202 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1028-4559(08)60080-7
16. Nygaard CC, Schreiner L, Morsch TP, Saadi RP, Figueiredo MF, Padoin AV. Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Female Patients with Obesity. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2018;40(9):534-539 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1670626
17. Zhu L, Lang JH, Wang H, Han SM, Liu CY. the study on the prevalence and associated risk factors of female urinary incontinence in Beijing women. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006,86(11):728-31 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16681943/
18. Subak LL, Richter HE, Hunskaar S. Obesity and urinary incontinence: epidemiology and clinical research update. J Urol. 2009;182(6 Suppl):S2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.08.071
19. Singh U, Agarwal P, Verma ML, Dalela D, Singh N, Shankhwar P. Prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence in Indian women: A hospital-based survey. Indian J Urol 2013;29(1): 31–36. https://dx.doi.org/10.4103%2F0970-1591.109981
20. [Turkey Population and Health Survey 2010] (in Turkish). Available at: http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2008/data/TNSA-2008_ana_Rapor-tr.pdf
21. Tannenbaum C, Corcos J, Assalian P. The relationship between sexual activity and urinary incontinence in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(8):1220-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00827.x
22. Geelen HV, Ostergard D, Sand P. A review of the impact of pregnancy and childbirth on pelvic floor function as assessed by objective measurement techniques. Int Urogynecol J 2018; 29(3):327-38 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-017-3540-z
23. Yang X, Zheng H, Liao Q, Tao R, Fu C, Peng X, et al. Mode of delivery on urinary incontinence. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi [Article in Chinese] 2004;39(10):662-5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16144561/
24. Eason E, Labrecque M, Marcoux S, Mondor M: Effects of carrying a pregnancy and of method of delivery on urinary incontinence: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2004;(4):4 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-4-4
25. Luo D, Chen L, Yu X, Ma L, Chen W, Zhou N, et al. Differences in urinary incontinence symptoms and pelvic floor structure changes during pregnancy between nulliparous and multiparous women. Peer J 2017;(5): 3615. https://dx.doi.org/10.7717%2Fpeerj.3615
26. Demaagd GA, Davenport TC. Management of urinary incontinence. J Clin Pharm Ther 2012;37(6): 345-61 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3411204/

18 yaş ve üzeri kadınlarda üriner inkontinans sıklığı ve etkileyen faktörler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 22 - 28, 03.04.2021

Kübra Yıldırım Ege Ağırman Seçil Gunher Arıca

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.778750

Cited By: 3

Öz

Giriş: Üriner inkontinans(UI) her yaşta kadını etkileyen, yaygın görülen, yaşamı olumsuz yönde etkileyen, birçok nedenden dolayı meydana gelen karışık bir durumdur. Kadınların sadece tıbbi sorunu olmayıp aynı zamanda fiziksel, psikolojik, ekonomik ve sosyal iyilik hali olarak tanımlanan yaşam kalitesini de etkilemektedir. Çalışmamızda 18 yaş ve üzeri kadınlarda üriner inkontinans sıklığı ve etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya Cemil Taşçıoğlu Şehir Hastanesi Aile Hekimliği Polikliniklerine başvuran, yaşları 18-85 arasında değişen 212 kadın hasta dahil edildi. Bu hastalar idrar kaçıran ve kaçırmayan olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılarak, katılımcılara ICIQ-SF (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form) anket formu uygulandı. Anket formunda demografik bulgular, özgeçmiş, soy geçmiş, ek hastalıklar, idrar kaçırma risk faktörleri ile ilgili anamnez bilgileri sorgulandı. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, bağımsız gruplar t testi, Shapiro Wilk testi, Mann Whitney U testi, Pearson Ki-Kare testi, Fisher’s Exact Ki-Kare testi ile istatiksel anlamlılık açısından değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Katılımcılardan idrar kaçıran olguların sayısı 111 ve idrar kaçırmayan olguların sayısı 101 olup, üriner inkontinans sıklığı %52,4 saptandı. İdrar kaçıran hastaların yaş ortalaması 51,07±11,80, idrar kaçırmayan olguların yaş ortalaması 43,50±12,80 idi. İdrar kaçıran olguların %37,7’sinde sıkışma tipi, %12,3’ünde stres tipi, %30,2’ sinde miks tip idrar kaçırma saptandı. Beden kitle indeksinde artış (p< 0,001), eğitim düzeyi düşüklüğü (p< 0,001), kürtaj olma (p: 0,014), menopoz (p< 0,001),iri bebek doğurma (p: 0,048), hipertansiyon (p: 0,01), diyabetes mellitus (p: 0,038), kabızlık (p: 0,042), genital prolapsus (p: 0,008) idrar kaçıran grupta anlamlı olarak fazlaydı.
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda yaş ilerledikçe idrar kaçırma oranının arttığı saptanmıştır. Kadınların büyük çoğunluğu üriner inkontinansı kadın olmanın ve yaşlanmanın bir sonucu olarak görmekte ve doktora başvurmamaktadır. Çalışmamızda üriner inkontinansı olan kadınların %86,8’inin doktora başvurmadığı saptanmıştır. Üriner inkontinanslı bireylerin çoğu birinci basamaktaki aile hekimleri tarafından tanınabilir ve etkili bir şekilde tedavi edilebilir. Bu sebeple aile hekimleri polikliniklere başvuran hastalarda idrar kaçırma problemini tespit etmeli, risk faktörlerini belirlemeli, tanımlamalı ve tedavi etmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

üriner inkontinans, idrar sıklığı, kadın

Kaynakça

1. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, et al. The standardisation of terminology in lower urinary tract function: report from the standardisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Urology 2003;61(1):37-49 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0090-4295(02)02243-4
2. Araki I, Beppu M, Kajiwara M, Mikami Y, Zakoji H, Fukasawa M, et al. Prevalence and impact on generic quality of life of urinary incontinence in Japanese working women: assessment by ICI questionnaire and SF-36 Health Survey. Urology 2005;66(1):88-93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2005.01.059
3. Basak T, Kok G, Guvenc G. Prevalence, risk factors and quality of life in Turkish women with urinary incontinence: a synthesis of the literatüre. Int Nurs Rev 2013;60(4):448-60 https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12048
4. Yalcın O. [Basic Gynecology and Obstetrics Information. Urogynecology] (in Turkish). Gunes Medical Bookstore, Ankara 2008;(2):730-47
5. Temll C, Haidinger G, Schmidbauer J, Schatzl G, Madersbacher S. Urinary incontinence in both sexes: Prevelance rates and impact on quality of life and sexual life. Neurourol Urodyn 2000;19:259-71 https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6777(2000)19:3%3C259::aid-nau7%3E3.0.co;2-u
6. Kara CK. Karakaya IÇ, Tunali N, Karakaya MG. Reliability and validity of the Incontinence Quiz-Turkish version. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2018;44(1):144-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.13469
7. Saboia DM, Firmiano ML, Bezerra K, Neto JA, Oria MO, Vasconcelos CT, et al. Impact of urinary incontinence types on women's quality of life. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2017;21;51:e03266. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2016032603266
8. MacDiarmid S, Rosenberg M. Overactive bladder in women; symptom impact and treatment expectations. Curr Med Res Opin 2005; 21: 1413-21 https://doi.org/10.1185/030079905X59076
9. Kocak İ, Okyay P, Dundar M, Erol H, Beser E. Female urinary incontinence in the west Turkey: Prevalence, risk factors and impact on the quality of life. Eur Urol, 2005;48(4):634-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2005.04.017
10. Cetinel B, Demirkesen O, Tarcan T, Yalcin O, Kocak T, Senocak M, et al. Hidden female urinary incontinence in urology and obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinics in Turkey: What are the determinants of bothersome urinary incontinence and help-seeking behavior? Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct, 2007; 18(6):659-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-006-0223-6
11. Alves JO, Luz ST, Brandao S, Luz CM, Jorge RN, Roza TD, et al. Urinary incontinence in physically active young women: prevalence and related factors. Int J Sports Med 2017;38(12):937-941. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-115736
12. Hunskarr S, Lose J, Sykess D, Voss S. The prevelance of urinary incontinence in women in four European countries. BJU Int 2004;93(3):324-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410x.2003.04609.x
13. Akgun G, Sut N, Kaplan P. Prevalance of the urinary incontinence in women older than 40 years and influence of their QoL. Turkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst. 2010;20(6):378-86.
14. Akkus Y, Pinar G. Evaluation of the prevalence, type, severity, and risk factors of urinary incontinence and its impact on quality of life among women in Turkey. Int Urogynecol J. 2016;27(6):887-93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-015-2904-5
15. Hsieh CH, Lee MS, Lee MC, Kuo TC, Hsu CS, Chang ST, et al. Risk factors for urinary incontinence in Taiwanese women aged 20-59 years. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2008;47(2):197-202 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1028-4559(08)60080-7
16. Nygaard CC, Schreiner L, Morsch TP, Saadi RP, Figueiredo MF, Padoin AV. Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in Female Patients with Obesity. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2018;40(9):534-539 https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1670626
17. Zhu L, Lang JH, Wang H, Han SM, Liu CY. the study on the prevalence and associated risk factors of female urinary incontinence in Beijing women. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2006,86(11):728-31 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16681943/
18. Subak LL, Richter HE, Hunskaar S. Obesity and urinary incontinence: epidemiology and clinical research update. J Urol. 2009;182(6 Suppl):S2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.08.071
19. Singh U, Agarwal P, Verma ML, Dalela D, Singh N, Shankhwar P. Prevalence and risk factors of urinary incontinence in Indian women: A hospital-based survey. Indian J Urol 2013;29(1): 31–36. https://dx.doi.org/10.4103%2F0970-1591.109981
20. [Turkey Population and Health Survey 2010] (in Turkish). Available at: http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2008/data/TNSA-2008_ana_Rapor-tr.pdf
21. Tannenbaum C, Corcos J, Assalian P. The relationship between sexual activity and urinary incontinence in older women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006;54(8):1220-4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2006.00827.x
22. Geelen HV, Ostergard D, Sand P. A review of the impact of pregnancy and childbirth on pelvic floor function as assessed by objective measurement techniques. Int Urogynecol J 2018; 29(3):327-38 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-017-3540-z
23. Yang X, Zheng H, Liao Q, Tao R, Fu C, Peng X, et al. Mode of delivery on urinary incontinence. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi [Article in Chinese] 2004;39(10):662-5 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16144561/
24. Eason E, Labrecque M, Marcoux S, Mondor M: Effects of carrying a pregnancy and of method of delivery on urinary incontinence: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2004;(4):4 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-4-4
25. Luo D, Chen L, Yu X, Ma L, Chen W, Zhou N, et al. Differences in urinary incontinence symptoms and pelvic floor structure changes during pregnancy between nulliparous and multiparous women. Peer J 2017;(5): 3615. https://dx.doi.org/10.7717%2Fpeerj.3615
26. Demaagd GA, Davenport TC. Management of urinary incontinence. J Clin Pharm Ther 2012;37(6): 345-61 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3411204/

Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	İç Hastalıkları, Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri
Bölüm	Araştırma Makalesi (Original Article)
Yazarlar	Kübra Yıldırım 0000-0001-9152-5619 Ege Ağırman 0000-0001-5361-184X Seçil Gunher Arıca 0000-0003-0135-6909
Yayımlanma Tarihi	3 Nisan 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi	13 Ağustos 2020
Kabul Tarihi	7 Ocak 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2021Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA	Yıldırım, K., Ağırman, E., & Gunher Arıca, S. (2021). Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 6(1), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.778750
AMA	Yıldırım K, Ağırman E, Gunher Arıca S. Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over. Fam Pract Palliat Care. Nisan 2021;6(1):22-28. doi:10.22391/fppc.778750
Chicago	Yıldırım, Kübra, Ege Ağırman, ve Seçil Gunher Arıca. “Urinary Incontinence Frequency and Affecting Factors in Women 18 Years and over”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6, sy. 1 (Nisan 2021): 22-28. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.778750.
EndNote	Yıldırım K, Ağırman E, Gunher Arıca S (01 Nisan 2021) Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6 1 22–28.
IEEE	K. Yıldırım, E. Ağırman, ve S. Gunher Arıca, “Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over”, Fam Pract Palliat Care, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 22–28, 2021, doi: 10.22391/fppc.778750.
ISNAD	Yıldırım, Kübra vd. “Urinary Incontinence Frequency and Affecting Factors in Women 18 Years and over”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6/1 (Nisan 2021), 22-28. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.778750.
JAMA	Yıldırım K, Ağırman E, Gunher Arıca S. Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2021;6:22–28.
MLA	Yıldırım, Kübra vd. “Urinary Incontinence Frequency and Affecting Factors in Women 18 Years and over”. Family Practice and Palliative Care, c. 6, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 22-28, doi:10.22391/fppc.778750.
Vancouver	Yıldırım K, Ağırman E, Gunher Arıca S. Urinary incontinence frequency and affecting factors in women 18 years and over. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2021;6(1):22-8.