Araştırma Makalesi
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Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 62 - 69, 03.04.2021

Deniz Deniz Özturan Asena Keleş Şahin

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.789890
Cited By: 1

Öz

Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate anxiety levels and stress coping strategies of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Data were collected with an online survey using SurveyMonkey application. The research population comprised doctors and other medical staff living in different provinces in Turkey. The online surveys were completed by 354 healthcare workers. Demographic characteristics, severity of clinical anxiety symptoms and coping attitudes of the participants were analyzed. The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Stress Coping Strategies Scale were used.
Results: The BAI scores of doctors were lower than those of the other healthcare workers (p = 0.037). When compared in terms of depression categories, the two groups were found to be similar (p = 0.060). The levels of coping with stress were similar. The BAI scores of women were significantly higher (p = 0.002).
Conclusion: Healthcare workers were observed to mostly develop positive coping attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study suggest that the stress caused by the outbreak involves excessive load on healthcare workers psychologically.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coping strategies anxiety COVID-19 pandemic healthcare workers

Destekleyen Kurum

No person or organization supported this work financially. The authors have no relationship with any sponsor or commercial company involved in the study.

Kaynakça

  • 1. World Health Organization [internet]. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) technical guidance 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/ technical-guidance (Access Date: May 25, 2020)
  • 2. Centers for disease control and prevention [internet]. 2019 novel coronavirus, Wuhan, China. Information for healthcare professionals 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019 nCoV/hcp/index.html (Access Date: May 25, 2020)
  • 3. World Health Organization (WHO) [internet]. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report-29 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200218-sitrep-29-covid-19.pd (Access Date: May 25, 2020)
  • 4. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395(10223):497-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • 5. Norris FH. Range, magnitude and duration of the effects of disasters on mental health: review update 2005. New Hampshire: Dartmouth Medical School and National Center for PTSD; 2005.
  • 6. Greenberg N, Docherty M, Gnanapragasam S, Wessely S. Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic. BMJ 2020;368:m1211. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1211
  • 7. Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho AR, Kim T, Park JK. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients. Compr Psychiatry 2018;87:123-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003
  • 8. Chang D, Xu H, Rebaza A, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS. Protecting health-care workers from subclinical coronavirus infection. Lancet Respir Med 2020;8(3):e13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30066-7
  • 9. Artan I. Organizational stress factors and a practice on managers. Istanbul: Bassen Culture and Education; 1986.
  • 10. Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, Fan B, Kong J, Yao Z, et al. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk. Can J Psychiatry 2009;54(3):302-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370905400504
  • 11. Park JS, Lee EH, Park NR, Choi YH. Mental health of nurses working at a government-designated hospital during a MERS-CoV outbreak: a cross sectional study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018;32(1):2-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2017.09.006
  • 12. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Pimley S, Novacek J. Age differences in stress and coping processes. Psychol Aging 1987;2(2):171-84. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.2.2.171
  • 13. Atkinson RL, Atkinson RC, Smith EE, Bem DJ, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Introduction to psychology. third ed., Ankara: Arkadas; 2006.
  • 14. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. J Health Soc Behav 1980;21(3):219-39.
  • 15. Sahin NH, Durak A. The adaptation of the stress coping styles inventory to the university students. J Turkish Psychol. 1995;10(34):56-73.
  • 16. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consulting Clin Psychol 1988;56(6):893-7. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
  • 17. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother 1998;12:163-72.
  • 18. Khalid I, Khalid TJ, Qabajah MR, Barnard AG, Qushmaq IA. Healthcare workers emotions, perceived stressors and coping strategies during a MERS-CoV outbreak. Clin Med Res 2016;14(1):7-14. https://doi.org/10.3121/cmr.2016.1303
  • 19. Gee S, Skovdal M. The role of risk perception in willingness to respond to the, 2014–2016 West African Ebola outbreak: a qualitative study of international health care workers. Glob Health Res Policy 2017;2:21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-017-0042-y
  • 20. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(3):e203976. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
  • 21. Zhu J, Sun L, Zhang L, Wang H, Fan A, Yang B, et al. Prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in the first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19 in Gansu. Front Psychiatry 2020;11:386. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00386
  • 22. Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A. Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:102076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076
  • 23. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17:1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
  • 24. Ozdin S, Bayrak Ozdin S. Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: the importance of gender. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2020;66(5):504-11. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0020764020927051
  • 25. Wang Y, Di Y, Ye J, Wei W. Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology. Health & Medicine 2020;1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
  • 26. Salari N, Hosseinian-Far A, Jalali R, Vaisi-Raygani A, Rasoulpoor S, Mohammadi M, et al. Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Global Health 2020;16:57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00589-w
  • 27. Malta M, Rimoin AW, Strathdee SA. The coronavirus 2019-nCoV epidemic: is hindsight 20/20?. EClinicalMedicine 2020;20:100289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100289
  • 28. Huang JZ, Han MF, Luo TD, Ren AK, Zhou XP. Mental health survey of 230 medical staff in a tertiary infectious disease hospital for COVID-19. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2020;38(3):192-5. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200219-00063
  • 29. Aoyagi Y, Beck CR, Dingwall R, Nguyen-Van-Tam JS. Healthcare workers' willingness to work during an influenza pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2015;9(3):120-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12310
  • 30. Alexander JL, Dennerstein L, Kotz K, Richardson G. Women, anxiety and mood: a review of nomenclature, comorbidity and epidemiology. Expert Rev Neurotherapeutics 2007;7(1):45-58. https://doi.org/10.1586/14737175.7.11s.S45
  • 31. Zhou SJ, Zhang LG, Wang LL, Guo ZC, Wang JQ, Chen JC, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolescent Psychiatry 2020;29:749-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4

Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19) salgını sırasında sağlık çalışanlarında anksiyete ve stresle başa çıkma seviyeleri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 62 - 69, 03.04.2021

Deniz Deniz Özturan Asena Keleş Şahin

https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.789890
Cited By: 1

Öz

Giriş: Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında sağlık çalışanlarının anksiyete düzeylerini ve stresle başa çıkma stratejilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Veriler SurveyMonkey uygulaması kullanılarak çevrimiçi bir anket aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırma popülasyonunu Türkiye'deki farklı illerde yaşayan doktorlar ve diğer sağlık personeli oluşturdu. Çevrimiçi anketler 354 sağlık çalışanı tarafından tamamlandı. Katılımcıların demografik özellikleri, klinik anksiyete belirtilerinin şiddeti ve başa çıkma tutumları analiz edildi. Çalışmada Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BAE) ve Stresle Baş Etme Stratejileri Ölçeği kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Doktorların BAE skorları diğer sağlık çalışanlarına göre daha düşüktü (p = 0.037). Depresyon kategorileri açısından karşılaştırıldığında, iki grup benzer bulundu (p = 0.060). Stresle başa çıkma düzeyleri benzerdi (p = 0.170). Kadınların BAE skorları anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur (p = 0.002).
Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarının COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında çoğunlukla pozitif baş etme tutumları geliştirdikleri gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, salgının neden olduğu stresin sağlık çalışanlarına psikolojik olarak aşırı yük getirdiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Baş etme stratejileri anksiyete COVID-19 pandemi sağlık çalışanları

Kaynakça

  • 1. World Health Organization [internet]. Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) technical guidance 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/ technical-guidance (Access Date: May 25, 2020)
  • 2. Centers for disease control and prevention [internet]. 2019 novel coronavirus, Wuhan, China. Information for healthcare professionals 2020. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019 nCoV/hcp/index.html (Access Date: May 25, 2020)
  • 3. World Health Organization (WHO) [internet]. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) situation report-29 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/docs/defaultsource/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200218-sitrep-29-covid-19.pd (Access Date: May 25, 2020)
  • 4. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020;395(10223):497-506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • 5. Norris FH. Range, magnitude and duration of the effects of disasters on mental health: review update 2005. New Hampshire: Dartmouth Medical School and National Center for PTSD; 2005.
  • 6. Greenberg N, Docherty M, Gnanapragasam S, Wessely S. Managing mental health challenges faced by healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic. BMJ 2020;368:m1211. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1211
  • 7. Lee SM, Kang WS, Cho AR, Kim T, Park JK. Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients. Compr Psychiatry 2018;87:123-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003
  • 8. Chang D, Xu H, Rebaza A, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS. Protecting health-care workers from subclinical coronavirus infection. Lancet Respir Med 2020;8(3):e13. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30066-7
  • 9. Artan I. Organizational stress factors and a practice on managers. Istanbul: Bassen Culture and Education; 1986.
  • 10. Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, Fan B, Kong J, Yao Z, et al. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: exposure, risk perception, and altruistic acceptance of risk. Can J Psychiatry 2009;54(3):302-11. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674370905400504
  • 11. Park JS, Lee EH, Park NR, Choi YH. Mental health of nurses working at a government-designated hospital during a MERS-CoV outbreak: a cross sectional study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018;32(1):2-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2017.09.006
  • 12. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Pimley S, Novacek J. Age differences in stress and coping processes. Psychol Aging 1987;2(2):171-84. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.2.2.171
  • 13. Atkinson RL, Atkinson RC, Smith EE, Bem DJ, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Introduction to psychology. third ed., Ankara: Arkadas; 2006.
  • 14. Folkman S, Lazarus RS. An analysis of coping in a middle-aged community sample. J Health Soc Behav 1980;21(3):219-39.
  • 15. Sahin NH, Durak A. The adaptation of the stress coping styles inventory to the university students. J Turkish Psychol. 1995;10(34):56-73.
  • 16. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. J Consulting Clin Psychol 1988;56(6):893-7. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.56.6.893
  • 17. Ulusoy M, Sahin NH, Erkmen H. Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: psychometric properties. J Cogn Psychother 1998;12:163-72.
  • 18. Khalid I, Khalid TJ, Qabajah MR, Barnard AG, Qushmaq IA. Healthcare workers emotions, perceived stressors and coping strategies during a MERS-CoV outbreak. Clin Med Res 2016;14(1):7-14. https://doi.org/10.3121/cmr.2016.1303
  • 19. Gee S, Skovdal M. The role of risk perception in willingness to respond to the, 2014–2016 West African Ebola outbreak: a qualitative study of international health care workers. Glob Health Res Policy 2017;2:21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-017-0042-y
  • 20. Lai J, Ma S, Wang Y, Cai Z, Hu J, Wei N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open 2020;3(3):e203976. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
  • 21. Zhu J, Sun L, Zhang L, Wang H, Fan A, Yang B, et al. Prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in the first-line medical staff fighting against COVID-19 in Gansu. Front Psychiatry 2020;11:386. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00386
  • 22. Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A. Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian J Psychiatr 2020;51:102076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076
  • 23. Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17:1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
  • 24. Ozdin S, Bayrak Ozdin S. Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish society: the importance of gender. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2020;66(5):504-11. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0020764020927051
  • 25. Wang Y, Di Y, Ye J, Wei W. Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology. Health & Medicine 2020;1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
  • 26. Salari N, Hosseinian-Far A, Jalali R, Vaisi-Raygani A, Rasoulpoor S, Mohammadi M, et al. Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Global Health 2020;16:57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-020-00589-w
  • 27. Malta M, Rimoin AW, Strathdee SA. The coronavirus 2019-nCoV epidemic: is hindsight 20/20?. EClinicalMedicine 2020;20:100289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100289
  • 28. Huang JZ, Han MF, Luo TD, Ren AK, Zhou XP. Mental health survey of 230 medical staff in a tertiary infectious disease hospital for COVID-19. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2020;38(3):192-5. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200219-00063
  • 29. Aoyagi Y, Beck CR, Dingwall R, Nguyen-Van-Tam JS. Healthcare workers' willingness to work during an influenza pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2015;9(3):120-30. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12310
  • 30. Alexander JL, Dennerstein L, Kotz K, Richardson G. Women, anxiety and mood: a review of nomenclature, comorbidity and epidemiology. Expert Rev Neurotherapeutics 2007;7(1):45-58. https://doi.org/10.1586/14737175.7.11s.S45
  • 31. Zhou SJ, Zhang LG, Wang LL, Guo ZC, Wang JQ, Chen JC, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolescent Psychiatry 2020;29:749-58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01541-4
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Psikiyatri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi (Original Article)
Yazarlar

Deniz Deniz Özturan 0000-0003-3889-3652

Asena Keleş Şahin 0000-0002-2700-0866

Yayımlanma Tarihi 3 Nisan 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Eylül 2020
Kabul Tarihi 18 Mart 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Deniz Özturan, D., & Keleş Şahin, A. (2021). Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Family Practice and Palliative Care, 6(1), 62-69. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.789890
AMA Deniz Özturan D, Keleş Şahin A. Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Fam Pract Palliat Care. Nisan 2021;6(1):62-69. doi:10.22391/fppc.789890
Chicago Deniz Özturan, Deniz, ve Asena Keleş Şahin. “Levels of Anxiety and Coping With Stress in Healthcare Workers During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6, sy. 1 (Nisan 2021): 62-69. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.789890.
EndNote Deniz Özturan D, Keleş Şahin A (01 Nisan 2021) Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6 1 62–69.
IEEE D. Deniz Özturan ve A. Keleş Şahin, “Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic”, Fam Pract Palliat Care, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 62–69, 2021, doi: 10.22391/fppc.789890.
ISNAD Deniz Özturan, Deniz - Keleş Şahin, Asena. “Levels of Anxiety and Coping With Stress in Healthcare Workers During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic”. Family Practice and Palliative Care 6/1 (Nisan 2021), 62-69. https://doi.org/10.22391/fppc.789890.
JAMA Deniz Özturan D, Keleş Şahin A. Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2021;6:62–69.
MLA Deniz Özturan, Deniz ve Asena Keleş Şahin. “Levels of Anxiety and Coping With Stress in Healthcare Workers During Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic”. Family Practice and Palliative Care, c. 6, sy. 1, 2021, ss. 62-69, doi:10.22391/fppc.789890.
Vancouver Deniz Özturan D, Keleş Şahin A. Levels of anxiety and coping with stress in healthcare workers during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Fam Pract Palliat Care. 2021;6(1):62-9.

Cited By

HASTANE ÇALIŞANLARINDA KORONAVİRÜS ANKSİYETESİNİN İŞ-AİLE ÇATIŞMASINA ETKİSİ
Karya Journal of Health Science
https://doi.org/10.52831/kjhs.1027487

Family Practice and Palliative Care      ISSN 2458-8865       E-ISSN 2459-1505